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The first people who gave names to hurricanes were those who knew them best — the people of Puerto Rico. The small island of Puerto Rico is in the West Indies, off the coast of Florida. This is where all the hurricanes begin that strike the east coast of the United States. Often they pass near Puerto Rico or cross it on their way north. The people of Puerto Rico expect some of these unwelcome visitors every year. Each one is named after the Saint’s Day on which it arrives. Two of the most destructive storms were the Santo Ana in 1840 and the San Ciriaco in 1899.
Giving girls’ names to hurricanes is a fairly new idea. It all began with a story called “Storm”, written by George Stewart in 1941. In it a weatherman amused himself by naming storms after girls he knew. He named one Maria. The story describes how she Maria grew and developed, and how she changed the lives of people when she struck the United States.
Weathermen of the U.S. Army and Navy used the same system during World WarⅡ. They were studying weather conditions over the Pacific Ocean. One of their duties was to warn American ships and planes when a storm was coming. Whenever they spotted one, they gave it a girl’s name. The first one of the year was given a name beginning with [A]. The second one got a name beginning with [B]. They used all the letters from A to W, and still the storms kept coming. They had to use three lists from A to W to have enough names to go around. This was the first list of hurricane names that followed the alphabet. It served as a model for the system the Weather Bureau (局) introduced in 1942.
Before 1950 the Weather Bureau had no special system for naming hurricanes. When a hurricane was born down in the West Indies, the Weather Bureau simply collected information about it. It reported how fast the storm was moving and where it would go next. Weather reports warned people in the path of the hurricane, so that they could do whatever was necessary to protect themselves.
This system worked out fine as long as weather reports talked about only one hurricane at a time. But one week in September 1950 there were three hurricanes at the same time. The things began to get confused. Some people got the hurricanes mixed up and didn’t know which was which. This convinced the Weather Bureau that it needed a code for naming the storms in order to avoid confusion in the future.
Hurricanes were first named after the _________.
A. date on which they occurred B. place where they began
C. amount of destruction they did D. particular feature they have
The practice of giving girls’ names to hurricanes was started by _________.
A. a radio operator B. an author C. a sailor D. local people
The purpose for which weathermen of the army and navy began using girls’ names for hurricanes was ________.
A. to keep information from the enemy B. to follow the standard method of the United States
C. not given in the article D. to remember a certain girl
The Weather Bureau began naming hurricanes because it would help them _________.
A. collect information more rapidly B. warn people more efficiently
C. make use of military (军事的) records D. remember them
查看习题详情和答案>>As far back as 700 B. C, man has talked about children being cared for by wolves. Romulus and Remus, the legendary(传说的)twin founders of Rome, were said to have been cared for by wolves. It is believed that when a she-wolf loses her litter, she tries to get human child to take its place. This seemingly foolish and unreasonable idea did not become believable until the late nineteenth century when a French doctor actually found a ten-year-old boy having nothing on wandering in the woods. He didn’t walk upright, could not speak understandably, nor could he relate to people. He only growled(嗥叫)and stared at them. Finally the doctor won the boy’s confidence and began to work with him. After many long years of devoted and patient teaching, the doctor was able to get the boy to clothe and feed himself, recognize and say a number of words, as well as write letters and form words.
【小题1】The French doctor found the boy ________.
A. wandering in the woods B at his doorstep
C. growling at him D. speaking understandably
【小题2】In this passage, the word “litter” in line 3 most nearly means ________.
| A.garbage | B.master | C.hair | D.baby animals |
| A.the boy had never lost his mind | B.the boy trusted him |
| C.the boy liked to dress up | D.the boy worked very hard |
| A.She-Wolves have been said to replace human children for their lost litter. |
| B.Examples of wolves caring for human children can be found only in the nineteenth century. |
| C.The French doctor succeeded in training the boy to enjoy the human life somewhat. |
| D.The young boy never was able to speak perfectly. |
| A.tell | B.understand | C.listen to | D.write to |
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完形填空(每题1分,共20分)
All 34 of my students I taught at Saint Mary’s School in Morris,Minnesota were dear to me,but Mark was one in a million. His happytobealive attitude made even his occasional naughtiness_16_.
Mark 17consantly in class. I had to remind him again and again that talking without permission was18 What 19 me so much,though,was his sincere response every time I had to_20_him for misbehaving, “Thank you for correcting me,Madam!” I didn’t know what to make of it at first,but before long I became_21_hearing it many times a day.
One morning my_22_was growing thin when Mark talked once too often.I_23_Mark. “If you say one more word,I am going to tape your mouth shut!”
It wasn’t ten seconds later_24_Chuck blurted out,“Mark is talking again.” I hadn’t asked any of the students to help me_25_Mark,but since I had stated the_26_in front of the class,I had to act on it.
Taking out a roll of masking tape from the drawer of my desk,I_27_to Mark’s desk,_28_two pieces of tape and made a big X with them over his_29_.I then returned to the_30_of the room.
As I glanced at Mark to see how he was doing,he winked at me naughtily. That he did so funnily!I started_31_.The entire class_32_as I walked back to Mark’s desk,_33_the tape,and shrugged my shoulders. His first_34_were,“Thank you for correcting me, Madam!”
Several years passed until one cold rainy day when my father_35_the news to me that Mark was killed in Vietnam war,I broke down and cried in my heart,“Mark, I would give all the masking tape in the world if only you could talk to me!”
1. A.attractive B.delightful C.striking D.annoying
2. A.talked B.argue C.quarreled D.disrupted
3. A.troublesome B.shameful C.irresponsible D.unacceptable
4. A.annoyed B.impressed C.puzzled D.delighted
5. A.punish B.blame C.correct D.scold
6. A.accustomed to B.unbearable of C.fond of D.curious about
7. A.body B.patience C.confidence D.spirit
8. A.warned B.advised C.asked D.frightened
9. A.then B.when C.after D.until
10. A.criticize B.report C.watch D.inform
11. A.opinion B.view C.punishment D.evidence
12. A.threw B.flew C.walked D.pointed
13. A.tore off B.put up C.cut into D.took out
14. A.face B.mouth C.hand D.head
15. A.back B.center C.front D.entrance
16. A.screaming B.laughing C.complaining D.criticizing
17. A.cheered B.protested C.froze D.disturbed
18. A.stuck B.fastened C.recovered D.removed
19. A.expectations B.actions C.movements D.words
20. A.indicated B.brought C.presented D.unfolded
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Rising above the names
I was shopping in the supermarket when I heard a young voice.
“Mom,come here!There's this lady here my size!”
The mother rushed to her son;then she turned to me to apologize.
I smiled and told her,“It's okay.”Then I talked to the boy,“Hi,I'm Darryl Kramer.How are you?”
He studied me from head to toe,and asked,“Are you a little mommy?”
“Yes,I have a son,”I answered.
“Why are you so little?”he asked.
“It's the way I was born,”I said.“Some people are little.Some are tall.I'm just not going to grow any bigger.”After I answered his other questions,I shook the boy's hand and left.
My life as a little person is filled with stories like that.I enjoy talking to children and explaining why I look different from their parents.
It takes only one glance to see my uniqueness.I stand three feet nine inches tall.I was born an achondroplasia dwarf(侏儒).Despite this,I did all the things other kids did when I was growing up.
I didn't realize how short I was until I started school.Some kids picked on me,calling me names.Then I knew.I began to hate the first day of school each year.New students would always stare at me as I struggled to climb the school bus stairs.
But I learned to smile and accept the fact that I was going to be noticed my whole life.I decided to make my uniqueness an advantage rather than a disadvantage.What I lacked in height,I made up for in personality.
I'm 47 now,and the stares have not diminished as I've grown older.People are amazed when they see me driving.I try to keep a good attitude.When people are rude,I remind myself,“Look what else I have-a great family,nice friends.”
It's the children's questions that make my life special.I enjoy answering their questions.My hope is that I will encourage them to accept their peers(a person of the same age,class,position,etc.),whatever size and shape they come in,and treat them with respect.
1.Why did the mother apologize to the author?
A.Because the boy ran into the author.
B.Because the boy laughed at the author.
C.Because the boy said the author was fatter than him.
D.Because the mother thought the boy's words had hurt the author.
2.When did the author realize that she was too short?
A.When she grew up.
B.When she was 47 years old.
C.When she began to go to school.
D.When she met the boy in the supermarket.
3.Which of the following word can best replace the underlined word“diminished”?
A.Dismissed. B.Increased.
C.Decreased. D.Discriminated.
4.How does the author feel about people's stares?
A.Angry. B.Calm.
C.Painful. D.Discouraged.
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