Heading out for some exercise? You’ll take your shoes, socks, and a towel．You might take a music headset．But you’ll also need a bottle of water．Here is why．When you exercise, you sweat. Sweating is your body’s way of cooling down．The more you sweat, the more water your body loses．However, exercise also reduces thirst If you’re not thirsty, you may not drink enough water．You could lose too much water and become dehydrated(脱水)．A water loss of 10 percent can make you sick．A loss of 20 percent can kill you. So you need to be careful．

    Here’s how to keep your body hydrated．About two hours before you exercise, drink one 500millilitre(1/2litre)bottle of water．Then drink another half bottle right before you begin．Drink water every 20 minutes as you exercise．You’ll need water long before you’re thirsty．

    You need water even when you’re not exercising．You should drink about five bottles of water each day．Why so much? Your body cells are mostly water．So is your blood. Water helps your body to digest(消化)food and remove wastes．But your body loses water as you breathe, sweat, and urinate(排尿)．It loses about 2.5 liters (2,500 milliliters)of water each day．

You must replace the water your body loses．You can get water from many sources．Drinking water is the best source．Food and other fluids are good too, All food has some water in it．Fruit and vegetables are high in water Milk, juices, and other drinks also contain water．So take your pick．And remember to drink more water when you exercise．A happy body is a hydrated body．

(   )53．The passage suggests that each day you should drink           .

    A．about 2,500 milliliters of water           B．about 500 milliliters of water

    C．as much water as you can                D．only when you get thirsty

(   )54．What are some ways to replace water your body has lost?

A．Taking baths and eating eggs．      

B．Drinking juice and eating vegetables

C．Digesting food and removing wastes．

D．Eating many kinds of food and exercising．

(   )55．After reading the whole passage, we learn it is mainly about            ．

A．the results of research on dehydration 

B．water being important when we exercise

C．the importance of having enough water  

D．how much water our bodies lose ever day

(   )56．The author explains how to keep your body hydrated during exercise by presenting      .

    A．some related numbers               B．the reasons why we need water

    C．a series of steps you can follow        D．the results of experiments

You’re out to dinner. The food is delicious and the service is fine. You decide to leave a big fat tip. Why? The answer may not be as simple as you think.
Tipping, psychologists have found, is not just about service. Instead, studies have shown that tipping can be affected by psychological reactions to a series of different factors from the waiter’s choice of words to how they carry themselves while taking orders to the bill’s total.
“Studies before have shown that mimicry (模仿) brings into positive feelings for the mimicker,” wrote Rick van Baaren, a social psychology professor. “These studies show that people who are being mimicked become more generous toward the person who mimics them.”
So Rick van Baren divided 59 waiters into two groups. He requested that half serve with a phrase such as, “Coming up!” Those in the other half were instructed to repeat the orders and preferences back to the customers. Rick van Baaren then compared their take-home(实得收入). The results were clear---it pays to mimic your customer. The copycat waiters earned almost double the amount of tips to the other group.
Leonard Green and Joel Myerson, psychologists at Washington University in St. Louis, found the generosity of a tipper may be limited by his bill. After research on the 1,000 tips left for waiters, cab drivers, hair stylists, they found tip percentages in these three areas dropped as customers’ bills went up.
“That’s also a point of tipping,” Green says. “You have to give a little extra to the cab driver for being there to pick you up and something to the waiter for being there to serve you. If they weren’t there you’d never get any service. So part of the idea of a tip is for just being there.”
【小题1】According to the passage, a customer gives the cab driver a tip for ____.

You’re out to dinner. The food is delicious and the service is fine. You decide to leave a big fat tip. Why? The answer may not be as simple as you think.

Tipping, psychologists have found, is not just about service. Instead, studies have shown that tipping can be affected by psychological reactions to a series of different factors from the waiter’s choice of words to how they carry themselves while taking orders to the bill’s total.

“Studies before have shown that mimicry (模仿) brings into positive feelings for the mimicker,” wrote Rick van Baaren, a social psychology professor. “These studies show that people who are being mimicked become more generous toward the person who mimics them.”

So Rick van Baren divided 59 waiters into two groups. He requested that half serve with a phrase such as, “Coming up!” Those in the other half were instructed to repeat the orders and preferences back to the customers. Rick van Baaren then compared their take-home(实得收入). The results were clear---it pays to mimic your customer. The copycat waiters earned almost double the amount of tips to the other group.

Leonard Green and Joel Myerson, psychologists at Washington University in St. Louis, found the generosity of a tipper may be limited by his bill. After research on the 1,000 tips left for waiters, cab drivers, hair stylists, they found tip percentages in these three areas dropped as customers’ bills went up.

“That’s also a point of tipping,” Green says. “You have to give a little extra to the cab driver for being there to pick you up and something to the waiter for being there to serve you. If they weren’t there you’d never get any service. So part of the idea of a tip is for just being there.”

1.According to the passage, a customer gives the cab driver a tip for ____.

A. driver’s politeness   B. being there    C. driver’s attitudes   D. driver’s mimicry

2.According to the passage, which of the following will be likely to show the right change of the tip percentages for the three areas researched?

3.According to the passage, we know the writer seems to _________.

A. oppose Mr. Green’s idea about tipping

B. support the opinions of Mr. Green and Rick van Baaren about tipping

C. give his generous tip to the waiters very often

D. think part of Mr. Green’s explanation is reasonable

After pulling out of the station, the train began to ________.

1. A.
   pick up
2. B.
   speed up
3. C.
   come up
4. D.
   run up