This book is for the students         native language is not English．

      A．that        B．who’s    C．whose      D．which  

According to US research, it can take up to ten years to become a near-native English speaker. Asian and Spanish students took between five and ten years to reach native speaker performance in English-only schools. Fluency obviously doesn’t happen overnight. But time can definitely make you a better speaker.

After testing his own memory, German psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus discovered that humans forget most of what they learn in the first 20 minutes.

So cramming right before a speaking exam is not likely to be as effective as practicing regularly over time. The more you practice, the more familiar new words will become. In the classroom, studies have also shown that repeating oral tasks improves a speaker’s performance.

One of the best repetition exercises is the 4/3/2 technique. Speakers give the same talk to three different listeners with a progressive decrease in delivery time, starting at four minutes, then three, and finally two minutes. This exercise has been proven to help learners speak faster. It can also result in less hesitation and more grammatical accuracy. While time dose make a difference when it comes to speaking perfect English, it would not hurt to brush up on your other language skills.

Studies have also shown that reading can increase your speaking vocabulary. After one month of an extensive reading program, a 27-year-old student of French became more familiar with 65 percent of the new words.

Aside from choosing the right learning methods, having certain personality traits may also help. US linguistics expert Stephen Krashen believes those with high motivation, self-confidence and a low level of anxiety are better equipped for speaking success.

Krashen says students who don’t have these qualities are more likely to have a “mental block”. “Even if they understand the message, the input will not reach the part of the brain responsible for language acquisition,” he writes in his book Principles and Practice in second Language Acquisition.

1.According to the passage, if you want to be a near-native speaker, you need _____.

2.The author put forward the 4/3/2 technique just to show that _____.

3.The example of a 27-year-old student of French in the passage mainly means that _____.

4.The underlined phrase “linguistics expert” means a person who is quite expert at _____.

　　A higher reading rate, with no loss of comprehension will help you in other subjects as well as in English, and the general principles apply to any language. Naturally, you will not read every book at the same speed. You would expect to read a newspaper, for example, much more rapidly than a physics or economics textbook--but you can raise your average reading speed over the whole range of materials you wish to cover so that the percentage gained will be the same whatever kind of reading you are concerned with.

　　The reading passages which follow are all of an average level of difficulty for your stage of instruction, They are about five hundred words long. They are about topics of general interest which do not require a great deal of specialized knowledge. Thus they fall between the kind of reading you might find in your textbooks and the much less demanding kind you will find in a newspaper or light novel. If you read this kind of English, with understanding at four hundred words per minute, you might skim (游览) through a newspaper at perhaps 650-700, while with a difficult textbook you might drop to two hundred or two hundred and fifty.

　　Perhaps you would like to know what reading speeds are common among native English-speaking university students and how those speeds can be improved. Tests in Minnesota. USA, for example, have shown that students without special training can read English of average difficulty, for example, Tolstoy's War and Peace in translation, at speeds of between 240 and 250 words per minute with about seventy percent comprehension. Students in Minnesota claim that after twelve half-hour lessons, once a week, the reading speed can be increased, with no loss of comprehension, to around five hundred words per minute.

(1) According to the passage, the purpose of effective reading with higher speed is most likely to help you ________.

[　　]

A．only in your reading of a physics textbook

B．improve your understanding of an economics textbook

C．not only in your language study hut also in other subjects

D．choose the suitable materials to read

(2) Which of the following does NOT describe the types of reading materials mentioned in the second paragraph?

[　　]

A．Those beyond one's reading comprehension

B．Those concerned with common knowledge

C．Those without much demand for specialized knowledge

D．Those with the length of about five hundred words

(3) The average speed of untrained native speakers in the University of Minnesota is ________.

[　　]

(4) According to the passage, how fast can you expect to read after you have attended twelve half-hour lessons in the University of Minnesota?

[　　]

A．You can increase your reading speed by three times.

B．No real increase in reading speed can be achieved.

C．You can increase your reading speed by four times.

D．You can double your reading speed.

　　A higher reading rate, with no loss of comprehension will help you in other subjects as well as in English, and the general principles apply to any language. Naturally, you will not read every book at the same speed. You would expect to read a newspaper, for example, much more rapidly than a physics or economics textbook--but you can raise your average reading speed over the whole range of materials you wish to cover so that the percentage gained will be the same whatever kind of reading you are concerned with.

　　The reading passages which follow are all of an average level of difficulty for your stage of instruction, They are about five hundred words long. They are about topics of general interest which do not require a great deal of specialized knowledge. Thus they fall between the kind of reading you might find in your textbooks and the much less demanding kind you will find in a newspaper or light novel. If you read this kind of English, with understanding at four hundred words per minute, you might skim (游览) through a newspaper at perhaps 650-700, while with a difficult textbook you might drop to two hundred or two hundred and fifty.

　　Perhaps you would like to know what reading speeds are common among native English-speaking university students and how those speeds can be improved. Tests in Minnesota. USA, for example, have shown that students without special training can read English of average difficulty, for example, Tolstoy's War and Peace in translation, at speeds of between 240 and 250 words per minute with about seventy percent comprehension. Students in Minnesota claim that after twelve half-hour lessons, once a week, the reading speed can be increased, with no loss of comprehension, to around five hundred words per minute.

(1) According to the passage, the purpose of effective reading with higher speed is most likely to help you ________.

[　　]

A．only in your reading of a physics textbook

B．improve your understanding of an economics textbook

C．not only in your language study hut also in other subjects

D．choose the suitable materials to read

(2) Which of the following does NOT describe the types of reading materials mentioned in the second paragraph?

[　　]

A．Those beyond one's reading comprehension

B．Those concerned with common knowledge

C．Those without much demand for specialized knowledge

D．Those with the length of about five hundred words

(3) The average speed of untrained native speakers in the University of Minnesota is ________.

[　　]

(4) According to the passage, how fast can you expect to read after you have attended twelve half-hour lessons in the University of Minnesota?

[　　]

A．You can increase your reading speed by three times.

B．No real increase in reading speed can be achieved.

C．You can increase your reading speed by four times.

D．You can double your reading speed.

阅读理解

　　A higher reading rate, with no loss of comprehension, will help you in other subjects as well as in English, and the general principles apply to any language. Naturally, you will not read every book at the same speed. You would expect to read a newspaper, for example, much more rapidly than a physics or economics textbook--but you can raise your average reading speed over the whole range of materials you wish to cover so that the percentage gained will be the same as whatever kind of reading you are concerned with.

　　The reading passages which follow are all of an average level of difficulty for your stage of instruction. They are all about five hundred words long. They are about topics of general interest which do not require a great deal of specialized knowledge. Thus they fall between the kind of reading you might find in your textbooks, and the much less demanding kind you will find in a newspaper or a light novel. If you read this kind of English, with understanding at four hundred words per minute, you might skim through a newspaper at perhaps 650～700, while with a difficult textbook you might drop to two hundred or two hundred and fifty.

　　perhaps you would like to know what reading speeds are common among native English-speaking university students and how those speeds can be improved. Tests in Minnesota, U.S.A, for example, have shown that students without special training can read English of average difficulty, for example, Tolstoy's War and Peace in translation, at speeds of between 240 and 250 words per minute with about seventy percent comprehension. Students in Minnesota claim that after twelve half-hour lessons, once a week, the reading speed can be increased, with no less of comprehension, to around five hundred words per minute.

(1)From the first paragraph, we know _______

[　　]

A．we will read a newspaper and a textbook at the same speed.

B．a higher reading speed will help a lot in learning a language.

C．reading fast and understanding more will help us not only in our language study but also in other subjects.

D．raising your speed will affect your understanding.

(2)In general, the reading passages have the following characteristics EXCEPT ________

[　　]

A．the length is about five hundred words.

B．they are about topics that arouse people's interest.

C．they concerned with common knowledge.

D．they are full of technical terms.

(3)The average speed of untrained native speakers in the University of Minnesota is ________.

[　　]

A．about three hundred words per minute

B．about two hundred and forty-five words pen minute

C．about sixty words per minute

D．about five hundred words per minute

(4)According to the passage, how fast can you expect to read after you have attended twelve half-hour lessons in the University of Minnesota?

[　　]

A．You can increase your reading speed by three times.

B．No real increase in reading speed can be achieved.

C．You can increase your reading speed by four times.

D．You can double your reading speed.

(5)Where do you think the passage is taken from?

[　　]

A．The introduction to a book on fast reading.

B．A local newspaper for young people.

C．A school newspaper run by students.

D．The introduction to an English textbook.