摘要：现在完成时 ①表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果.或说话时已完成的动作, I have finished the report./ She has cleaned the room. ②表示从过去开始.待续到现在的动作或状态.往往和“for... , “since... 表述的一段时间状语连用, He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college. ③表示“曾经到过某地 用“have/has been to , 表示“到某地去了 用“have/has gone to . -Where is Li Hua? -He has gone to the reading-room. -She knows a lot about Shanghai. -She has been there. ④在时间状语从句,条件状语从句或让步状语从句中表达将来某时已经完成的动作. When you have learned English, you will find it a bridge to so much knowledge. We’ll start at six if it has stopped raining by then. 注意:这里的现在完成时强调从句动作在主句动作之前完成, 如果两个动作同时或几乎同时发生, 则不必用完成时,试比较: I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her. She will call you when she gets home. ⑤短暂动词.join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry, finish,complete,begin,start, break out等.在完成时态中.其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用. 要译“他参军已经三年了 不能说:He has joined the army three years.可采用: ▲“ago法 :He joined the army three years ago. ▲“延续法 :He has been in the army for three years. ▲“since法 :It is/has been three years since he joined the army. 注意:没有包括“现在 在内或不是截至“现在 为止的时间状语不能与现在完成时连用, 但“in the past/last+时间段 要与现在完成时连用.

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