Nineteenth-century writers in the United States, whether they wrote novels, short stories, poems or plays, were powerfully drawn to the railroad in its golden years. In fact, writers responded to the railroads as soon as the first were built in the 1830’s. By the 1850’s, the railroad was a major presence in the life of the nation. Writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David saw the railroad both as a boon(要求) to democracy(民主国家) and as an object of suspicion. The railroad could be and was a despoiler(掠夺者) of nature, furthermore, in its manifestation of speed and noise. It might be a despoiler of human nature as well. By the 1850’s and 1860’s, there was a great distrust among writer and intellectuals of the rapid industrialization of which the railroad was a leading force. Deeply philosophical historians such as Henry Adams lamented the role that the new frenzy for business was playing in eroding traditional values. A distrust of industry and business continued among writers throughout the rest of the nineteenth century and into the twentieth.

　 For the most part, the literature in which the railroad plays and important role belong to popular culture rather than to the realm of serious art. One thinks of melodramas, boys’ books, thrillers, romances, and the like rather than novels of the first rank. In the railroads’ prime years, between 1890 and 1920, there were a few individuals in the United States, most of them with solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about railroading—works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs. These writers, who can genuinely be said to have created a genre, the “railroad novel”, are now mostly forgotten, their names having faded from memory. But anyone who takes the time to consult their fertile writings will still find a treasure trove of information about the place of the railroad in the life of the United States.

1.The underlined word “it” in the passage refers to______.

　　A. railroad 　　B. manifestation　　 C. speed 　　D. nature

2.In the first paragraph, the author implies that writers’ reactions to the development of railroads were______.

　　A. highly enthusiastic 　 B. both positive and negative　  C. unchanging　 　D. Disinterested

3. According to the passage, the railroad played a significant role in literature in all of the following kinds of books except_______.　

A. thrillers 　 B. boys’ books　　C. romances　　D. important novels

4. The phrase “first rank” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to______.

A. largest category(类别) 　B. highest quality　  C. earliest writers 　D. most difficult language

5. Which of the following topics is the main idea of passage?

A. The role of the railroad in the economy of the USA　

B. Major nineteenth century writers

C. The conflict between expanding industry and preserving nature

D. The railroad as a subject for literature

写作：（满分25分）
假定你是李华，有一位美国朋友Smith托你在北京找工作。你看到21世纪英文报（“21st Century”）上登载了一则招聘启事，认为对他很合适。请用英文写一封短信，用E-mail发给Smith，告知此事。广告原文如下： 
　　　　　　　　　　　Foreign Teachers Wanted !
　　The Education Department of the Ladder Company is running an English course for children and adults.
　　Requirements :
　　1. Native English speaker
　　2. University degrees in education or related field preferred
　　3. Foreign expert certification（证明）
　　If you are interested , please call us :
　　Tel : 86-10-66666666 　　
　　E-mail : liecbj @ hotmail.com 
　　Beijing Ladder Information Company Limited 
　　注意：1. 开头语已为你写好；
　　　　　2. 介绍须包括所有内容，但不要逐条译成英语；
　　　　　3. 文章的词数需100词左右。 [来源:学.科.网]
Dear Smith ,
　　I know you want to find a job in Beijing. ……
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Good luck,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Li Hua 

阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在机读卡上相应番号处将该项涂黑。

June 5 is World Environment Day. This makes us pay more attention to our environment and the need to protect it.

   When Wang Boxuan, a Beijing high schoolboy, uses up his exercise books, he does not throw them away. Each one is stored at his school with hundreds of exercise books given by other students. Then they are sold to a Beijing paper making factory.

The paper is recycled and used again by students and teachers in the school. At the same time, the money made from the sales goes towards schools in Inner Mongolia for planting trees and grass. This place is one of the sources of the sandstorms that often attack Beijing during springtime.

Wang’s school is one of the schools in the capital that take part in the “Green Promise” —environmental protection activity. So far, nearly 210,000 students have taken part in the activity, collecting more than 87 tons of waste paper.

Students are eager to help make the capital a more pleasant place.

1. What do Wang Boxuan and his schoolmates do with the waste exercise books?

A. Throw them away.　　　               B. Store and sell them.

C. Cut them into pieces.                   D. Give them to the students in Inner Mongolia.

2. What is the money used for?　　

A. Buying new exercise books.　　     B. Helping poor students.

C. Planting trees and grass.　　　      D. Being stored.

3.What can we infer from the third paragraph？　

A. Students will have no exercise books to use in many years.

B. There will be no waste paper in many years.

C. The sandstorms will be weaker in Beijing in many years.

D. Beijing will be much dirtier in many years.

4.Choose the right order according to this passage?

1     Trees and grass were planted.

2     Schools in Inner Mongolia received the money.

3     Students collected waste paper.

4     Students sold the paper to a paper making factory.

A.③②④①　　    B.②①④③　　    C. ③④②①　　   D.③②①④

5. Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Planting Trees.　　　　　　　      B. Green Promise.

C. Collecting Waste Paper.　　　       D. Making Money.

完形填空

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。

　　When he graduated from the University 11 years ago, he had no idea that he would some day be come a 1 player in China's information technology (IT) industry.

　　 2 had he dreamed of becoming the idol (偶像) of young Chinese, 3 only worshipped foreign names such as Bill Gates. Last week, Yang Yuangqing, the vice-president of the Legend Group 4 a speech to college students in the capital, he told his young 5 of the efforts he has 6 into making his company's products the best-selling 7 on the domestic (国内) market.

　　Like many young college 8 , Yang's original 9 was to stay in the company for only one or two years and then go to 10 to study.

　　But while waiting for a 11 from the U. S. universities in 1991, he was appointed as director of the CAD Department, 12 later changed his whole life.

　　At that time, the top 10 market sellers of personal computer were all 13 brands (品牌). He tried all out to change it. He 14 the price of Legend computers installed with the 15 Pentium to 9,999 yuan while his American 16 sold the same type of computers 17 16,000 yuan.

　　In 1996, Yang's 18 and courage were rewarded. For the first time, Legend beat foreign brands and 19 itself the number one on the domestic market.

　　With his achievements, Yang 20 that every job given to you is an opportunity.

1．

[　　]

A．best　　　　　　B．leading

C．special　　　　　D．fast

2．

[　　]

A．Neither　　　　B．Either

C．So　　　　　　D．Hardly

3．

[　　]

A．some of them　　　　　　B．many of them

C．many of whom　　　　　D．none of whom

4．

[　　]

A．delivered　　　　　　B．heard

C．had made　　　　　　D．have given

5．

[　　]

A．learners　　　　　　B．fans

C．workmates　　　　　D．admirers

6．

[　　]

A．made　　　　　B．spared

C．put　　　　　　D．saved

7．

[　　]

A．production　　　　B．computers

C．brand　　　　　　D．models

8．

[　　]

A．graduates　　　　　　B．students

C．programmers　　　　　D．players

9．

[　　]

A．wish　　　　　　B．project

C．intend　　　　　　D．plan

10．

[　　]

A．foreign company　　　　　　B．the United States

C．England　　　　　　　　　D．the university

11．

[　　]

A．answer　　　　　　B．reply

C．call　　　　　　　D．letter

12．

[　　]

A．for which　　　　　　B．what

C．and　　　　　　　　D．which

13．

[　　]

A．important　　　　　　B．national

C．foreign　　　　　　　D．famous

14．

[　　]

A．raised　　　　　　　B．went down

C．lowered　　　　　　D．increased

15．

[　　]

A．late　　　　　　　B．latter

C．recent　　　　　　D．latest

16．

[　　]

A．competitors　　　　　B．owners

C．enemies　　　　　　D．players

17．

[　　]

A．in　　　　　　B．at

C．for　　　　　　D．with

18．

[　　]

A．success　　　　　　B．wealth

C．technique　　　　　D．efforts

19．

[　　]

A．let　　　　　　　B．finds

C．made　　　　　　D．get

20．

[　　]

A．holds　　　　　　　B．thought

C．guesses　　　　　　D．owns