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“进化”不了的爱
孙君飞
进化论包含着残酷的丛林法则，也隐含着生命的自私自利性。一个生命个体要想很好地生存下去，必须要将自己变得更优秀，学会“排他”，否则优胜劣汰的只能是自己。不过，人们在观察工蜂时，惊讶地发现，它们并未受到进化论的影响，它们混沌若当初，或者说它们完美地保持着一种纯粹而崇高的精神，这使它们成为生命进化中的另类。
工蜂属于生殖器官发育不完善的雌性蜂，即便能够产卵，也只是没有受精的卵，因此它们自身没有繁殖能力。这种缺陷可怕而又不幸，然而工蜂对此无动于衷，甘愿终身携带着缺陷而生，从未奢望将自身进化得更完美更强悍。值得称道的是，工蜂的适应性反而很强大，它们拥有相当厉害的武器——毒刺，刺上长有倒钩，一旦“亮剑”就不能回收利用。工蜂的毒刺是不折不扣的双刃剑，在伤及侵害者的同时，自己的生命也面临着终结。
蜜蜂家族中令人难以置信的社会结构更加震惊着世人的心灵，在这里一切都那么井然有序，合乎“法则”，一切又那么一往情深，合乎“生命之爱”。蜜蜂的利他主义行为也许会让达尔文难以理解，失去繁殖能力却能够将各种特征和习性一代代传承下去的工蜂可能更让达尔文目瞪口呆吧。答案其实很简单，一切都源于蜜蜂与众不同的遗传结构。换言之，存在于工蜂体内的遗传基因极其顽强，只有它们才会驱使工蜂去鞠躬尽瘁地照顾其它跟自己具有相同基因的生命，甚至为对方牺牲自己，却无怨无悔。
蜂后产下的受精卵天生高贵，常常会孵化出雌性幼蜂，而延续高贵的办法只有一个：它们只有食用了工蜂分泌的蜂王浆之后，才能发育成具有生殖能力的小蜂后，否则它们在长大后依然属于工蜂——从出生时开始，便将生命献给蜂群、终日辛劳的工蜂！
由于小蜂后的基因与工蜂的基因几乎相同，从身形外貌上看，彼此也几乎一模一样，这也许使工蜂顿感一阵甜蜜而幸福、神圣而自豪的恍然：站在我面前的，莫不是又一个“我”？我由此获得了新生，得到了永恒……工蜂在含辛茹苦喂养小蜂后的过程中，彼此的血缘关系升至最亲密最牢固。它们原本不是毫不相关的两个，而是见证生命延续、利他友爱的两个。因为相同的基因存活在它们的生命之中，工蜂在潜意识里将蜂后看得比自己的生命更为重要，为了对方、也为了另一个“我”和“我们”，它们可以在必要时完全放弃自己现实的生命及其未来。
（选自在《思维与智慧》有删节）
下列关于“工蜂”的表述，不符合原文意思的一项是
A．作为生命个体，工蜂的生命隐含着自私自利性，要想不被淘汰，它必须将自己变得更优秀，学会“排他”。
B．工蜂之所以成为生命进化中的另类，是因为它们完美地保持着一种纯粹而崇高的精神，并未受到进化论的影响。
C．工蜂的适应性很强，尾部长有倒钩的毒刺是相当厉害的武器，在伤及侵害者的同时，工蜂的生命也意味着终结。
D．从出生开始，就为蜂群而终日辛劳的工蜂，能把各种特征和习性一代代传承下去，靠的是与众不同的遗传结构。
下列有关“蜜蜂繁殖"的表述，符合原文意思的一项是
A．蜂后是具有生殖能力的雌性蜂，产下的受精卵天生高贵，孵化出雌性幼蜂，幼蜂长大以后就成为新一代蜂后。
B．工蜂自身没有繁殖能力，属于生殖器官发育不完善的雌性蜂，即便能够产卵，也只是没有受精的卵，不能孵化幼蜂。
C．存在于工蜂体内的遗传基因极其顽强，它驱使工蜂分泌蜂王浆，鞠躬尽瘁地照顾和自己具有相同基因的“孩子”。
D．蜂后负责产卵，工蜂负责喂养幼蜂，因而小蜂后的基因与工蜂的基因几乎相同，身形外貌上也几乎一模一样。
下列根据原文信息所作的推断，不正确的一项是
A．采粉、酿蜜、饲喂幼虫的工蜂是蜂群的主体，儿歌唱的“小蜜蜂，整天忙，采花蜜，酿蜜糖”，指的就是工蜂。
B．蜜蜂家族一切都井然有序，合乎“法则”，合乎“生命之爱”，人类如果借鉴了这种社会结构．可能会更有利于社会和谐。
C．为了蜂后和后代，工蜂不惜牺牲自己，是因为它们有奉献精神，潜意识里将蜂后和后代看得比自己的生命更重要。
D．工蜂一生从事的是利他的事业，而不是优化自己的结构来繁衍后代，从这一点来看， 达尔文的进化论“适者生存”不科学。
查看习题详情和答案>>阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案写在答题卡上。
Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents. Every day they are very busy trying to __21__ in order to pay the high tuition(学费) for my brother and me. They don’t act in the __22__ ways that I read in books or I see on TV. In their opinion, “I love you” is too __23__ for them to say. Sending flowers to each other on Valentine’s Day is even more out of __24__.
One day, my mother was sewing a quilt（缝被子）. I sat down beside her. “Mom, I have a question to ask you. Is there __25__ between you and Dad?” I asked her in a very low voice. She didn’t answer immediately. She __26__ her head and continued to sew the quilt.
I was very worried because I thought I had _27_ her. I was _28__ and I didn’t know what I should do. But at last I heard my mother say the following words: “Susan,” she said thoughtfully, “Look at this thread(线)．Sometimes it __29_, but most of it disappears in the quilt. The thread really makes the quilt __30__and durable（耐用的）. If life is a quilt, then love should be a thread．It can hardly be seen __31_, but it’s really there. Love is __32__.”
I listened carefully but I couldn’t__33__ her until the next spring. At that time, my father suddenly __34_ seriously. My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month. When they returned from the hospital, they both looked very __35 _. It seemed both of them had had a serious illness. After they were back, every day in the morning and dusk, my mother helped my father __36__ on the country road．
“Dad, how are you feeling now?” I asked him one day.
“Susan, don’t __37__ me.” he said gently. “To tell you the truth, I just like walking with your mom.”__38__ his eyes, I know he loves my mother deeply.
Once I thought love meant flowers, gifts and __39__. But from this experience, I understand that love is just __40__ in the quilt of our life. Love is inside, making life strong and warm.
A. keep fit B. rise early C. earn money D. collect money
A. ordinary B. romantic C. funny D. common
A. simple B. easy C. relaxing D. luxurious（奢侈）
A. the question B. question C. reach D. control
A. feeling B. love C. quarrel D. smile
A. raised B. shook C. nodded D. bowed
A. hurt B. injured C. wounded D. harmed
A. surprised B. embarrassed（难堪）C. sad D. regretted
A. happens B. comes about C. appears D. occurs
A. warm B. cool C. beautiful D. strong
A. somewhere and sometime B. anywhere or anytime
C. more or less D. here and there
A. inside B. outside C. faraway D. nearby
A. believe B. understand C. recognize D. realize
A. got sick B. got stuck C. got angry D. became weak
A. healthy B. pale C. excited D. fit
A. jump high B. go hurriedly C. run fast D. walk slowly
A. think about B. talk with C. worry about D. laugh at
A. Reading B. Seeing C. Saying D. Writing
A. fresh roses B. gold ring C. sweet kisses D. beautiful jewelry
A. a thread B. a needle C. the cloth D. the cotton
查看习题详情和答案>>阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并填写在答题卡上。
After years of searching，a truth seeker was told to go to a cave，in which he would find a well．“Ask the well what is 36 ”，he was advised．‘'and the well will reveal it to you’． Having found the well，the seeker asked that most basic and important 37 ．And from the depths came the answer：“Go to the village crossroad，and there you shall find what you are seeking．”
Full of 38 the man ran to the crossroad to find only three rather _____39____ shops．One shop was selling pieces of metal，another sold 40 ，and thin wires were for sale in the third．Nothing and no one there seemed to 41 much to do with the revelation of truth．
Disappointed，the seeker returned to the well to demand an 42 ，but he was told only：“You will 43 in the future．”
As years went by, the 44 of his experience at the well gradually 45 until one night，while he was walking，the sound of sitar(一种弦乐器)music 46 his attention．It was wonderful and it was 47 with great skill and inspiration．
Deeply 48 ，the truth seeker felt drawn towards the 49 ．He looked at the fingers dancing over the strings．And then suddenly he let out a cry of joyful 51 ：the sitar was made out of wires and pieces of metal and wood just like 51 he had once seen in the three stores．
At last he understood the 52 of the well：we have already been given everything we
need：our 53 is to assemble and use them in the proper way．Nothing is 54 so long as we recognize only fragments(碎片)．But as soon as the pieces arc put together, something new appears．whose nature we could not have 55 by considering the fragments alone．
1.A．truth B．hope C．future D．music
2.A．fact B．reason C．question D．well
3.A．energy B．hope C．mystery D．surprise
4.A．interesting B．small C．uninteresting D．family-run
5.A．instruments B．clothing C．food D．wood
6.A．connect B．have C．prepare D．offer
7.A．explanation B．advice C．excuse D．opportunity
8.A．succeed B．discover C．pay D．understand
9.A．bitterness B．failure C．memory D．secret
10.A．doubled B．forgot C．faded D．recovered
11.A．paid B．lost C．split D．caught
12.A．played B．broadcast C．enjoyed D．conducted
13.A．annoyed B．moved C．confused D．frightened
14.A．adviser B．director C．composer D．player
15.A．admiration B．distinction C．recognition D．imagination
16.A．what B．that C．it D．which
17.A．secret B．message C．theory D．benefit
18.A．target B．difficulty C．task D．shortcoming
19.A．interesting B．meaningful C．accessible D．successful
20.A．foreseen B．decided C．judged D．formed
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完形填空（共20题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答案标在答题卡上。
A farmer had a cow（牛）. He 36 very good care of this cow and one day when it was ill. He was very _ 37 . He telephoned the vet（兽医）.
“What’s the problem?” the vet 38 him when he arrived.
“My cow is ill,” the farmer said. “I don’t know what’s the matter 39 her. She’s lying down and won’t_ 40 up. She won’t eat, and she’s making a strange 41 .” The vet looked at the cow.
“She’s certainly ill.” he said, “and she needs to take some very strong 42 .” He took a bottle out of his box, and put two pills（药丸）into his 43 .
“Give her these,” he said. “The pills should make her 44 .”
“ 45 should I give them to her?” the farmer asked.
The vet gave him a 46 tube（管子）.
“Put this tube in her mouth, ”he said, “then put the pills in the 47 and blow(吹). That’ll make it.”
The vet went 48 .
The next day he came to the 49 again. The farmer was sitting outside his house and 50 worried.
“How’s your cow?” the vet asked.
“No 51 ,”the farmer said. “and I’m feeling very well myself.”
“Oh?” the vet said.“ 52 .”
“I did 53 you said,” the farmer answered.“ I put the tube in the cow’s mouth and then put two pills 54 it.”
“And?” the vet asked.
“The cow 55 ,”the farmer said.
1. A. made B. took C. got D. carried
2. A. happy B. glad C. attractive D. worried
3. A. asked B. told C. said D. spoke
4. A. in B. to C. with D. for
5. A. stand B. take C. throw D. cut
6. A. performance B. line C. song D. voice
7. A. rest B. wind C. cold D. medicine
8.A. mouth B. nose C. hand D. Face
9. A. ill B. humorous C. better D. fierce
10.. A. Why B. What C. When D. How
11. A. thick B. slim C. wide D. short
12. A. tube B. vase C. door D. house
13. A. with B. away C. on D. at
14..A. factory B. garden C. park D. farm
15. A. tasted B. sounded C. looked D. listened
16. A. change B. happiness C. reality D. feast
17. A. When B. What C. Who D. Why
18. A. that B. what C. when D. which
19. A. up B. on C. in D. down
20. A. apologize B. blew C. admire D. balance
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第三节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案写在答题卡上。
Tom is a worker in my factory and he is a little bit dirty. I have been taking 21 of him for years and years, he always wears an old red hat and carries a 22 bag. He usually spends his break time and his lunchtime by walking around to 23 the unused tins around.
Once I saw him by his 24 , with a lot of rubbish bags, which were full of aluminum(铝) tins. He threw them into the back of his car and then 25 the car. Being very curious, I got into my car to 26 him. He drove 27 he reached the entrance to a wide, empty parking area, but did nothing more.
Today, I was 28 one of the broken machines during lunchtime when this“tin man”came along with his bag. As usual, he 29 the tins around the place. My 30 , who was worried about how the 31 caused by the machine would affect production, was standing there watching me.
When I finished my job, my manager asked the “tin man” about what he would 32 the tin that he had collected. I had 33 even thought about asking this kind of question, 34 I had always thought that this “tin man” would sell the 35 to the recycling place
36 ,this “tin man” answered, “I will give them to my neighbor, 37 has epilepsy(癫痫病) and is unable to work.” I was 38 to hear this, and I asked him, “You 39 you are collecting all those tins just to help your neighbor?”
“I know it doesn’t help very much,” he said, “ 40 I try my best to help him.” It was the most beautiful moment in my life and made me feel very humble(卑鄙的).
21. A. hold B. care C. charge D. notice
22. A. plastic B. rubbish C. paper D. metal
23. A. collect B. find C. hide D. spread
24. A. house B. store C. machine D. car
25. A. got out of B. broke up C. jumped into D. settled down
26. A. follow B. block C. inspect D. catch
27. A. since B. until C. when D. after
28. A. decorating B. performing C. repairing D. selecting
29. A. turned up B. put up C. set up D. picked up
30. A. manager B. workmate C. neighbor D. friend
31. A. power B. delay C. signal D. harm
32. A. do with B. deal with C. go with D. put up with
33. A. seldom B. always C. nearly D. never
34. A. unless B. because C. though D. if
35. A. machine B. cars C. tins D. bags
36. A. Certainly B. Briefly C. Surprisingly D. Fortunately
37. A. who B. whom C. which D. that
38. A. shocked B. interested C. satisfied D. concerned
39. A. announce B. mean C. say D. declare
40. A. instead B. however C. but D. and
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