It makes no difference what you read or study if you can't remember it. You just waste your valuable time．【小题1】  One dependable aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading．
Why does a clerk in a store go away when your reply to her offer to help is, “No, thank you．I'm just looking.”? Both you and she know that if you aren't sure what you want, you are not likely to find it．But suppose you say instead, “Yes, thank you．I want a pair of sun glasses.” She says, “Right this way, please”
 【小题2】  If you choose a book, “just looking” for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just that--nothing．But if you do know what you want, you are almost sure to get it．Your reasons will vary; they will include reading or studying “to find out more about”, “to understand the reasons for” and “to find out how”．
 【小题3】  Before you start to study, you say to yourself something like this, “I want to know why Stephen Vincent Benet happened to write about America”．Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate the information to your purpose and remember it better．
【小题4】  At least two important processes go on at the same time．As you read, you take in ideas rapidly and accurately. But at the same time you express your own ideas to
yourself as you react to what you read. You have a kind of mental conversation with the author．
This additional process of thinking about what you read includes evaluating it, relating it to what you already know, and using it for your own purposes．【小题5】  One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts and opinions．Facts can be checked by evidence, opinions are one’s own personalreactions．Another part of critical reading is judging sources．Still another part is drawing accurate inferences．

A practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate（中级的） and post-intermediate students. We hope that more advanced learners and teachers will also find it useful.

The book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern English and illustrated with numerous examples. Areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.

In the fourth edition the main changes are as follows.

1. Explanation and examples have been brought up to date.

2. There is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of place, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpose clauses and nouns.

3. Some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. For example, parts of chapters on can, may, must etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advice.

4. The contents list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more entries references.

In this edition the sign “~” is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogue. Note also that although the sign “="”" sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, e.g. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.

We wish to thank all at Oxford University Press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. We would also like to thank Professor Egawa of Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.

London, November 1985   A.J.T., A.VM

1.The grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for              .

A．a middle school teacher                  B．a primary school student

C．a senior high student                     D．a college student

2.According to the passage, we know that his grammar book              .

A．compares modern English with old English

B．gives a large number of examples to reduce difficulty

C．attaches more importance to conversational forms

D．pays little attention to strict grammatical forms

3.Which of the following statements about the changes is TRUE?

A．This book keeps up with the latest usages of the America English language.

B．This edition offers more information about pronouns.

C．It’s not easy for us to find the information we need in this book.

D．One particular chapter discusses verbs like “care, like, love, hate, prefer, wish”.

4.When you see this line in the book, “Did you get a ticket? ~Yes, I managed to get one”, we can understand that             .

A．the two parts before and after the sign “~” mean the same

B．the two parts before and after “~” are said by two different people

C．the second speaker repeats what the first speaker says

D．the topic is changed in the part after the sign “~”

5.In the last paragraph, the authors thank several people because              .

A．they have helped the authors with this edition

B．they have agreed to buy a lot of books from the authors

C．the authors want to make use of the fames of those people

D．those people will make advertisements for this book

根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
W: Hi, John.
M: Hi, Lucy, 【小题1】
W: Yes. I’m required to tell a story in English before the lesson begins.
M: Oh, I see. 【小题2】
W: You’ re right. I need to practice on the stage before they all come.
M:  【小题3】
W: Yes, here, in my pocket… Oops, where is it?
M: Don’t worry.  【小题4】
W: …No, not in the bag, either. I’m afraid I left it at home.
M:  【小题5】
W: Aha! It’s just the key to the classroom! Thank you so much.

根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。
A: Good morning, Betty. You look so weak.     1   
B: It’s hard for me to breathe.     2   
A: How long have you been like this?
B: Since about two weeks ago.
A:    3  
B: There’s a chemical plant near our town, which produces such harmful gases that the air has been seriously polluted.
A:    4  Pollution has caused too many environmental problems recently. We’d better do something to prevent it from going like this.
B:    5  Shall we write a letter to the local government about the problem?
A: Good idea. Let’s put it into practice at once. But…now I suggest you go to see a doctor first.
B: Thank you. And maybe I’ll have to think about leaving this town and moving to a better place.

根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
—Good evening. Grandma’s Restaurant. May I help you?
—Good evening.       【小题1】    
—Thank you. May I have your name, Miss?
—Mary Brown.
—   【小题2】   
—I’d like to order the “Free Matching Dinner for 2”.
—Yes, you may choose two soups, two drinks and four main courses from the menu.
—   【小题3】   
—Are you ready? What kind of soup do you want?
—Chicken soup and tomato soup.
—   【小题4】    
—I’d like a plate of noodles, two chicken wings, some beef and a bowl of rice.
—    【小题5】   
—Just a coke and some green tea, please.
—May I have your address, please?
—Sure, 6A. Kingston Court, Belair Cardens, Shatin.
—Okay, your food will be delivered in half an hour. Thanks for calling.
A. May I book a table in your restaurant for tonight?
B. I would like to order some food for dinner.
C. Miss Brown, please tell me your order.
D. How about your main courses?
E. Would you like some drinks？
F. Okay. Let me see.
G. And your drinks?