What motivates(激发) us to take on life’s challenges? Is it money, fame, power, or something else? Most businesses operate today on the carrot-and –stick system of rewards(奖赏) and punishments. Employees are rewarded for good performance, and punished for performing badly. This usually works well in situations where workers are performining simple tasks, like cheching products or packing boxes.

However, for jobs that repuire creativity, such as writing or designing, it’s a different matter. In actual fact, people in these jobs are not so much motivated by outer factors like cash rewards. They do their job because they like it. They like the challenge of it, they like the mastery of it, they like the creativity that it requires. These factors are generally called inner motivators, which can be further broken down into autonomy, mastery and purpose.

Autonomy refers to self-direction. The greatest things that have happened in all kinds of societies--western, eastern, modern, ancient—have been the result of people being able to do what they wanted to do. People, like these Iranian portesters in July 2009, follow the human nature to resist(抵制) control and direct their own lives.

Mastery is the desire to become better at something that matters. A recent Harvard business school research shows that the biggest motivator at work by far is making porgress. People, making progress one day, are more likely to be motivated to make greater progress the next day.

And finally, purpose, to do what we do in service of something larger than ourselves. It is not necessarily something like reducing-green-house gases from the atmosphere, but can be simply writing a great story that helps people understand world a little bit better or creating something that brings beauty to somebody’s life.

Today’s business managers, facing the increasingly competitive pressures of a global marketplace, should question their traditional attitudes about what actually motivates us as humans.

57．According to the text, if Jack is a designer, he is most probably motivated by __________.

  A．The carrot-and-stick system    B．cash rewards

  C．outer factors                D．mastery

58．The ujnderlined part in the third paragraph is meant to__________．

  A．suggest that Iranian people desire freedom

  B．show that people tend to guide themselves

  C．prove that autonomy can make people great

  D．encourage people to do whatever they want

59．It seems that the author__________．

    A．regards purpose as the most important inner factors

    B．is persuading managers to turn to inner motivators

    C．Thinks reducing greenhouse gases is not necessary

    D．is doubtful about what on earth motivates people

60．Which of the following shows the organization of the text?

Most people give little thought to the pens they write with, especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very  【小题1】 things are hand written. All too often, people buy a pen based only on  【小题2】, and wonder why they are not satisfied  【小题3】 they begin to use it. However, buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not  【小题4】 if you keep the following in mind.
First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be  【小题5】  to use. The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic  【小题6】 comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a  【小题7】 hand and thicker fingers, you may  【小题8】 a fatter pen. The length of a pen can 【小题9】 influence comfort. A pen that is too  【小题10】 can easily feel top-heavy and unstable.
Then, the writing point of the pen should  【小题11】 the ink to flow evenly（均匀地）while the pen remains in touch with the paper.  【小题12】 will make it possible for you to create a  【小题13】 line of writing. The point should also be sensitive enough to  【小题14】 ink from running when the pen is lifted. A point that does not block the    【小题15】   may leave drops of ink,  【小题16】 you pick the pen up and put it down again.
 【小题17】, the pen should make a thick, dark line. Fine-line pens may  【小题18】 bad handwriting, but fine lines do not command  【小题19】 next to printed text, as,  【小题20】 , a signature on a printed letter. A broader line, on the other hand, gives an impression of confidence and authority（权威）.

Most people give little thought to the pens they write with, especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very  1. things are hand written. All too often, people buy a pen based only on  2., and wonder why they are not satisfied  3. they begin to use it. However, buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not  4. if you keep the following in mind.

First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be  5.  to use. The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic  6. comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a  7. hand and thicker fingers, you may  8. a fatter pen. The length of a pen can 9. influence comfort. A pen that is too  10. can easily feel top-heavy and unstable.

Then, the writing point of the pen should  11. the ink to flow evenly（均匀地）while the pen remains in touch with the paper.  12. will make it possible for you to create a  13. line of writing. The point should also be sensitive enough to  14. ink from running when the pen is lifted. A point that does not block the    15.   may leave drops of ink,  16. you pick the pen up and put it down again.

 17., the pen should make a thick, dark line. Fine-line pens may  18. bad handwriting, but fine lines do not command  19. next to printed text, as,  20. , a signature on a printed letter. A broader line, on the other hand, gives an impression of confidence and authority（权威）.

21.               A．many          B．pleasant        C．few  D．important

22.               A．reason         B．looks          C．value D．advantages

23.               A．once          B．if             C．because   D．though

24.               A．convenient      B．difficult         C．practical   D．strange

25.               A．heavy          B．easy           C．hard  D．safe

26.               A．determining     B．finding         C．taking D．seeking

27.               A．stronger        B．weaker         C．smaller    D．larger

28.               A．order          B．prepare        C．prefer D．demand

29.               A．hardly         B．also           C．never D．still

30.               A．light           B．soft            C．long  D．thick

31.               A．allow          B．change         C．reduce    D．press

32.               A．They           B．One           C．Some D．This

33.               A．thin           B．rough          C．smooth    D．black

34.               A．prevent        B．free           C．protect    D．remove

35.               A．way           B．sight           C．stream    D．flow

36.               A．so             B．as             C．and   D．yet

37.               A．Meanwhile      B．Generally       C．Afterwards D．Finally

38.               A．show up        B．differ from      C．make up for    D．break down

39.               A．attention       B．support        C．respect   D．admission

40.               A．at most         B．for example     C．in brief    D．on purpose

Most people give little thought to the pens they write with，especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very ____things are handwritten.All too often，people buy a pen based only on ____，and wonder why they are not satisfied ___ they begin to use it.However，buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not ____ if you keep the following in mind.

First of all，a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be __5__ to use.The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic(特征)____ comfort.Having a small hand and thick fingers，you may be comfortable with a thin pen.If you have a ____ hand and thicker fingers you may ____a fatter pen.The length of a pen can ____ influence comfort.A pen that is too ____ can easily feel top?heavy and unstable.

Then，the writing point of the pen should ____ the ink to flow evenly(均匀地) while the pen remains in touch with the paper.____ will make it possible for you to create a ____ line of writing.The point should also be sensitive enough to ____ink from running when the pen is lifted.A point that does not block the ____ may leave drops of ink，____ you pick the pen up and put it down again.

___，the pen should make a thick，dark line.Fine?line pens may ____ bad handwriting，but fine，delicate lines do not command ____ next to printed text，as，____，a signature on a printed letter.A broader line，on the other hand，gives an impression of confidence and authority(权威)．

1.A.many? B．few

C．pleasant? D．important

2.A.looks? B．reason

C．value? D．advantages

3.A.once? B．if

C．because? D．though

4.A.convenient? B．practical

C．strange? D．difficult

5.A.heavy? B．easy

C．hard? D．safe

6.A.taking? B．finding

C．determining? D．seeking

7.A.stronger? B．weaker

C．smaller? D．larger

8.A.prefer? B．recommend

C．prepare? D．demand

9.A.hardly? B．also

C．never? D．still

10.A.thick? B．light

C．long? D．soft

11.．A.change? B．allow

C．reduce? D．press

12.A.They? B．One

C．This? D．Some

13.A.thin? B．rough

C．black? D．smooth

14.A.prevent? B．free

C．protect? D．remove

15.A.way? B．sight

C．flow? D．stream

16.．A.so? B．as

C．and D．yet

17.A.Meanwhile? B．Generally

C．Afterwards? D．Finally

18.A.show up? B．differ from

C．break down D．compensate for

19.A.attention? B．support

C．respect? D．admission

20.A.at most? B．for example

C．in brief? D．on purpose

Most people give little thought to the pens they write with，especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very   1  things are handwritten．All too often，people buy a pen based only on  2   and wonder why they are not satisfied  3  ，they begin to use it．However，buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not 4  if you keep the following in mind．

First of all，a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be  5  to use．The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic（特征）  6 comfort．Having a small hand and thick fingers，you may be comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a  7 hand and thicker fingers, you may  8  a fatter pen．The length of a pen can  9  influence comfort．A pen that is too  10   can easily feel top-heavy and unstable．

Then，the writing point of the pen should11  the ink to flow evenly（均匀的） while that pen remains in touch with the paper 12   will make it possible for you to create a   13  line of writing．The point should also be sensitive enough to  14  ink from running when the pen is lifted．A point that does not block the   15  may leave drops of ink，  16  you pick the pen up and put it down again．

__17  ，the pen should make a thick，dark line．Fine-line pens may   18   bad handwriting，but fine，delicate lines do not command  19   next to printed text，as，  20 ， a signature on a printed letter．A broader line，on the other hand，gives an impression of confidence and authority （权威）.

1．A．many                    B．few                     C．pleasant              D．important

2．A．looks             B．reason                   C．value                D．advantages

3．A．once                    B．if                       C．because              D．though

4．A．convenient              B．practical               C．strange                D．difficult

5．A．heavy                      B．easy                       C．hard              D．safe

6．A．taking          B．finding               C．determining          D．seeking

7．A．stronger             B．weaker               C．smaller              D．larger

8．A．prefer               B．recommend           C．prepare               D．demand

9．A．hardly                B．also                    C．never                 D．still

10．A．thick              B．light               C．long                 D．soft

11．A．change             B．allow            C．reduce                D．press

12．A．They              B．One                  C．This                  D．Some

13．A．thin                   B．rough               C．black               D．smooth

14．A．prevent              B．free                C．protect             D．remove

15．A．way                 B．sight               C．flow               D．stream

16．A．so                   B．as                 C．and                 D．yet

17．A．Meanwhile            B．Generally           C．Afterwards          D．Finally

18．A．show up             B．differ from         C．break down          D．compensate for

19．A．attention              B．support            C．respect                     D．admission

20．A．at most              B．for example        C．in brief               D．on purpose