短文改错(共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)

以下标有题号的每一行均有一个错误，请找出，并按下列情况改正：

此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：请在答题卡上作答。

The Asian Games are held each four years. The 16th Asian                   _____

Games were held in Guangzhou, China. Guangzhou was a second city          _____ in China to have the right for host the Asian Games. It was                    ______ well-known Beijing held the 11th Asian Games in 1990.                     ___             Guangzhou Asian Games opened in November 12, 2010.                  ____            It had 41 event. It was the largest in the history of the Asian Games.            ______ The 16th Guangzhou Asian Games that were lasted 16 days closed            ______

very successfully. The Chinese sports delegation, obtained 199 gold             ______

medals, 119 silver medals and 98 bronze medals, creates magnificence(辉煌)   ______

in the 16th Asian Games and gained the first position once over.                    ______

Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild, according to a study sure to cause debate about keeping the giant animals on display. Researchers compared the life spans of elephants in European zoos with those living in Amboseli National Park in Kenya and others working on a timber enterprise in Buma. Animals in the wild or in natural working conditions had life expectancies twice than or more of their relatives in zoos.

Animal care activists have urged in recent years to discourage keeping elephants in zoos, largely because of the lack of space and small numbers of animals that can be kept in a group.

The researchers found that the median life span for African elephants in European zoos was 16.9 years, compared with 56 years for elephants who died of natural causes in Kenya’s Amboseli Park. Adding in those elephants killed by people in Africa lowered the median life expectancy there to 35.9 years. For the more endangered Asian elephants, the median life span in European zoos was 18.9 years, compared with 41.7 years for those working in the Burma Timber Enterprise. Median means half died younger than that age and half lived longer.

There is some good news, though. The life expectancies of zoo elephants have improved in recent years, suggesting an improvement in their care and raising, but “Protecting elephants in Africa and Asia is far more successful than protecting them in Western zoos.”

There are about 1,200 elephants in zoos, half in Europe, researchers concentrated on female elephants, which make up 80 percent of the zoo population. One amazing thing was that Asian elephants born in zoos had shorter life spans that those brought to the zoos from the wild.

Zoos usually lack large areas that elephants are used to in the wild, and that zoo animals often are alone or with one or two other unrelated animals, while in the wild they tend to live in related groups of 8 to 12 animals. In Asian elephants, baby death rates are two to three times higher in zoos than in the Burmese logging camps, and then, in adulthood, zoo-born animals die young. People are not sure why.

1.What is argued about in this passage?

A．Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild.

B．Elephants should not be on display.

C．Asian elephants are in danger.

D．Asia is far more successful in protecting elephants in zoos.

2.What does the underlined word “median” mean according to the passage?

A．Average          B．Longest.           C．Shortest.          D．Ordinary.

3.Which of the following is Not the disadvantage of keeping elephants in zoos?

A．Limited number of relatives.               B．Lack of space.

C．Shorter life expectancy.                  D．Less attention.

4.Who are expected to pay more attention to the issue addressed?

A．Zoologists.                             B．Animal care activists.

C．Zoo visitors.                            D．The public.

A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has  come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的) species

The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna elephant

Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils (化石)，mammoths and mastodons， the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.

The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.

There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.

Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the elephants’ significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.

Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University of Minois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purpose. Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先)for conservation purpose .”

1.One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.

A. the Asian elephant                   B. the forest elephant

C. the savanna elephant                D. the mastodon elephant

2.The underlined word “divergence” in paragraph 4means “________”

A. evolution        B. exhibition       C. separation         D. examination

 3.The researcher’s conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s _____

A. DNA           B. height          C. weight            D. population

4.What were Alfred Roca’s words mainly about?

A. The conservation of African elephants.      

B. The purpose of studying African elephants

C. The way to divide African elephants into two units

D. The reason for the distinction of African elephants

5.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. Naturalist’s Belief about Elephants.     

B. Amazing Experiment about Elephants

C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants   

D. A Long scientific Debate about Elephants

Bedazzling (眼花缭乱) with their bright colors and eye-catching displays, fireworks light up our night skies during the holidays. However, these crowd-pleasers can have some damaging side effects.

Once a firework is set off, it only takes a couple of seconds before smoke, dust and harmful chemicals are let out into the atmosphere. The loud booming noises are caused by gunpowder. While the sounds may excite some people, they can be frightening to domestic and wild animals — as well as some humans.

The pretty colors you see are a result of more chemicals. Barium, added to make green, is known for its poisonous and radioactive qualities. Blue comes from copper compounds. Cadmium, lithium and lead — all found in fireworks — have been linked to diseases, such as allergies and skin rashes in both humans and animals. Acid rain has been linked to gases given off by fireworks, which sometimes go beyond the toxin(毒素) limits of the United States Clean Air Act.

Once all those chemicals come back down to the ground, they can cause problems too. Debris (碎片) from the fireworks falls to the ground, where animals can burn their paws or noses on piping hot pieces. Humans also are at risk of stepping on or picking up something sharp or hot. Meanwhile, debris that finds its way into waterways can damage animal habitats and water supply sources.                              

Instead of setting off fireworks, try to come up with some new ways for fun. Here are some ideas to get you started:

? Sky lanterns — a tradition that originated long ago in the most-populated Asian country.

?  Party crackers — a favorite in the United Kingdom — give you noise and surprises without the mess of fireworks. You can make your own or buy eco-friendly crackers.

? Want noise excitement with less volume? Consider a fireworks sound recording beforehand or break out the party horns (号角) and blow up a storm! 

46. The advantages of fireworks can be seen below EXCEPT that _____.

A. the special sounds of fireworks excite people

B. debris from fireworks can even find its way into water

C. the pretty and bright colors add to the beauty of night skies

D. fireworks are enjoyed as one of the crowd-pleasers

47. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Copper compounds are needed to make green in fireworks.

B. Chemicals in fireworks are both poisonous and dangerous.

C. Too much gases from fireworks can result in acid rain.

D. Chemicals in fireworks are harmful in the air and on the ground.

48. All the underlined words are probably _____________.

A. mineral materials                             B. tiny solids

C. chemical elements                                   D. broken pieces

49. What is implied from the passage?

A. Gunpowder in fireworks makes loud booming noises.

B. It must be Indians who first started to hang sky lanterns.

C. Fireworks does less harm in the air than on the ground.

D. Fireworks can even break the balance of nature.

50. What can be concluded as the writer’s attitude towards fireworks?

A. It is not allowed to set off fireworks except during the holidays.

B. Fireworks should be banned and replaced by some other means.

C. Night is the best time to set off fireworks and see the pretty colors.

D. You cannot set off fireworks unless you come up with new ways.

Child labor — the employment of children in industry, often against their will — has been a problem for many years. Over a hundred years ago, Charles Dickens shocked many of his readers when he described the conditions under which young children worked in British factories. The conditions Dickens described continue almost unchanged today in many parts of the world. The only difference is that today employment of children is confined（limited）to small industries and family businesses, such as hotels, restaurants and particularly farms, rather than to large factories.

Girls suffer more from child labor practices than boys. Many of them are forced to start work when they are only ten years old. Although the work they are given to do is often light, it is often harmful to the health. Recently, children as young as six years were found to be working in Asian factories, and the children were working from eight to fourteen hours a day in overcrowded and unhealthy working conditions. Sometimes a whole family group is employed, with the payment going to a parent or older relative. The children not only receive nothing or very little for their long hours of work, but also they are prevented from attending school. Therefore, when they become older they are unable to do any other kind of work.

The solution to the problem of child labor is clearly better laws to protect young children, greater supervision（监督）of industry and heavier fines for those who break the laws. Only in this way can young boys and girls be allowed to enjoy the most valuable time of their lives—childhood.

Which’s the main idea of the first paragraph?

A. Children are often willing to work in large factories.

B. Most children are working in British factories.

C. The poor working conditions of child labor in Dickens’ novel.

D. The working conditions for children are similar to those a hundred years ago.

Girls’ work is ____.

A. not harmful to the health though it is heavy

B. not harmful to the health because it is light

C. harmful to the health though it is light.

D. harmful to the health because it is heavy

Young children go to work ____.

A. because they are forced to          B. in order to be skillful in a certain kind of work

C. in order to be paid well             D. in order to earn money for education

To solve the problem of child labor, the writer suggests the following BUT ____.

A. looking over factories more closely

B. raising their payment and improving the system of education

C. improving laws of protecting children’s interests

D. punishing lawbreakers with severer fines