Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.

Life today has brought new problems.

One of the biggest problems is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It killed our fish and _____a_____ our drinking water. ____b_____  pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It’s hard to all the living things in the world.

Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day, （2）sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt(被子) over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.

Many countries are making rules to flight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is poured away, they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air.

We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car, (3)如果开车的人少了，空气污染就少了。

1. 在横线上填入适当的单词 a.____________   b. _____________.(每空一词)

2. 将句子(2)译成汉语___________________________________________________________

3. 将句子(3)译成英语___________________________________________________________

4. 找出Dirty water must be stopped from dumping into the river. 的同义句.

5. 找出或写出能概括本文大意的句子。

阅读理解

　　The names of certain places in the United States make people think of big businesses. Detroit, a city in Michigan, means cars. Texas means oil. Wall Street in New York City means the stock market(股市) and “big money”.

　　There is another place-name that is well known in the U. S.A. That is Madison Avenue(迈迪逊大街). Madison Avenue in New York is the place where many advertising companies have their offices. And advertising is one of the biggest businesses in America.

　　The same kinds of things are produced and sold by many different companies in the U. S. A. Many different companies sell cars; many others sell oil, soap, and so on. Each company wants the public to buy its goods. By advertising these companies make the public interested in what they want to sell.

　　Each company pays advertisers to tell the public about its goods. Suppose a company has a new type of toy that it wants to sell. In an advertising office on Madison Avenue plans are made for telling the public about the toy. The advertising company takes beautiful pictures of children playing with the toy. The pictures appear in newspapers or magazines and also on TV.

1．What do you think Wall Street is famous for?

[　　]

A．Cars

B．Advertising companies

C．Oil

D．Stock market

2．Which of the following statements is Not true?

[　　]

A．Detroit is well known for its cars.

B．There is a big business of advertising in New York.

C．People consider New York as“big money”. ________

D．Madison Avenue is more famous for advertising companies rather than for any-thing else.

3．Which of the following is not a state but a city?

[　　]

4．Companies put advertisements in newspapers, magazines and also on TV because ________.

[　　]

A．they want to open their offices in Madison Avenue

B．the producers try to sell their cars or oil

C．it is necessary for them to cut down the cost of newspapers or magazines

D．advertisement helps to sell-goods

5．From this passage we can see ________.

[　　]

A．different companies sell different goods

B．people show no interest in what the companies want to sell

C．many different companies make and sell the same kinds of things

D．advertising offices make plans for telling the public about the goods only by taking pictures

Shenzhen's fast development has made it become China's most crowded city! There are about 15 million people living on its 1991square kilometers. On each square kilometer averagely live 7500 people. It is 1080 more than that in Hong Kong, and nearly 800 more than that in Guangzhou.
Besides, Shenzhen owns 2 million local vehicles, and about 300000 vehicles from other places also run on the local roads every day. The total length of the city's road is 6041 kilometers. It means each resident only owns 0.58 meters of road!
As a result, the city is facing serious environmental and resource problems. One of the problems is water shortage. The amount of fresh water for each person of the city is only 25% of the country's average. What's more, most of the water drunk by Shenzhen people comes from other areas.
【小题1】According to the passage, which of the following makes Shenzhen so crowded?