摘要：种类 作用 常用关联词 例句 主语从句 在复合句中做主语.相当于名词.一般置谓语之前.也可用it作形式主语.主语从句放主句之后 that, whether, if, as if, as though, who, whose, which, how, when, where, why, what, whatever, whoever, wherever Whether he will come or not doesn’t matter much. Whoever comes here will be welcome. 表语从句 在复合句中做表语.相当于名词.位于系动词之后 It looks as if it is going to snow. 宾语从句 在复合句中做宾语.相当于名词 He asked me which team could win the game. 同位语从句 放在名词之后(news, problem, idea, suggestion, advice, thought, hope, fact等) 表明其具体内容 You have no idea how worried we are. The fact that he lied again greatly surprised us. 十一.状语从句 种类 连接词 注意点 时间状语 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, until, till, by the time, as soon as, hardly-when, no sooner-than, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, instantly 主句表示将来意义时.从句须用一般现在时,while引导的从句中动词一般是延续性的,until用在肯定句中主句动词是延续性的.而否定句中主句动词为短暂性的. 地点状语 where, wherever 原因状语 because, as, since, now that because语气最强.since较弱.表示大家都明了的原因.as又次之. 条件状语 if, unless, once, in case, as long as, on condition that 从句中动词时态不可用将来时.常用一般时代替 目的状语 so that, in order that, for fear that so that和in order that后常接may, should, could, would等情态动词 结果状语 so-that, such-that 比较状语 than, as-as, not so/as-as, the more-the more 方式状语 as if, as though, as as if 和as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气. 让步状语 though, although, even if, even though, as, no matter what, whatever, no matter who, whoever, no matter which, whichever, no matter how, however, no matter when, whenever as在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式,although和though用正常语序.可和yet连用.但不可和but连用 十二.倒装句 种类 倒装条件 例句 完全倒装 here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副词开头的句子表示强调 Out rushed the children. 表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首 Under the tree stood two tables and four chairs. 强调表语.置于句首.或为保持句子平衡 Present at the meeting were 1,000 students. 部分倒装 never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not until, not等表示否定意义的副词放于句首 Hardly did I know what had happened. only和修饰的状语放于句首 Only then did he realized the importance of English. not only-but also连接并列的句子.前倒后不倒 Not only does he know French, but also he is expert at it. neither-nor-连接并列的句子.前后都倒装 Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it. so-that, such-that中的so或such及修饰的成分放于句首时前倒后不倒 So busy is he that he can not go on a holiday. as引导的让步状语 Child as he is, he has learned a lot. so, neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事. He can play the piano. So can i. 用于表示祝愿的祈使句中 May you be in good health! 省略if的虚拟条件 Were I you, I would not do it in this way. 十三.虚拟语气 类别 用法 例句 If引导的条件从句 与现在事实相反 从句动词:过去式 主句动词:should/would/could/might+动词原形 If he were here, he would help us. 与过去事实相反 从句动词:had+过去分词 主句动词:should/would/could/might+have+过去分词 If I had been free, I would have visited you. 与将来事实相反 从句动词:过去式 / should+动词原形 / were+不定式 主句动词:should/would/could/might+动词原形 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. 其它状语从句 as if引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式 They are talking as if they had been friends for years. in order that / so that引导的状语从句中动词用can / could / may / might / would等+动词原形 Turn on the light so that we can see it clearly. 宾语从句 demand, suggest, order, insist后接的从句中动词为should+动词原形 He suggested that we not change our mind. wish后的从句中分别用过去式.过去完成式和should/would+动词原形表示与现在.过去和将来情况相反 I wish I could be a pop singer. 主语从句 在It is necessary / important / strange that-, It is suggested / demanded / ordered / requested that- 等从句中.谓语动词用should+动词原形 It is strange that such a person should be our friends. 其它句型中 It is time that-句型中动词用过去式或should+动词原形 It’s high time that we left. would rather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式 I would rather you stayed at home now. If only句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式.表示强烈的愿望 If only our dream had come true! 十四.重要句型1. It was not until midnight that he finished his task.

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