Recently a Beijing father sent in a question at an Internet forum (论坛) asking what "PK" meant.

   "My family has been watching the 'Super Girl' singing competition TV programme. My little daughter asked me what 'PK' meant, but I had no idea," explained the puzzled father.

   To a lot of Chinese young people who have been playing games online, it is impossible not to know this term. In such Internet games, "PK" is short for "Player Kill", in which two players fight until one ends the life of the other.

   In the case of the "Super Girl" singing competition, "PK" was used to refer to the stage where two singers have to compete with each other for only one chance to go up in competition ranking.

   Like this father, Chinese teachers at high schools have also been finding their students' compositions using Internet jargons which are difficult to understand. A high school teacher from Tianjin asked her students to write compositions with simple language, but they came up with a lot of Internet jargons that she didn't understand.

   "My 'GG' came back this summer from college. He told me I've grown up to be a 'PLMM'. I loved to 'FB' with him together; he always took me to the 'KPM'," went one composition.

   "GG" means Ge Ge (Chinese pinyin for brother). "PLMM" refers to Piao Liang Mei Mei (beautiful girl). "FB" means Fu Bai (corruption). "KPM" is short for KFC, Pizza Hut and McDonald's.

   Some specialists welcome Internet jargons as a new development in language.

   If you do not even know what a Kong Long (dinosaur, referring to an ugly looking female) or a Qing Wa (frog, referring to an ugly looking male) is, you will possibly be regarded as a Cai Niao!

1. By writing the article, the writer tries to  ________ .

A. explain some Internet language       

B. suggest common Internet language

C. laugh at the Beijing father           

D. draw our attention to Internet language

2. What does the writer think about the term "PK"?

A. Fathers can't possibly know it.      

B. The daughter should understand it.

C. Online game players may know it.    

D. "Super Girl" shouldn't have used it.

3. The examples of the Beijing father and the Tianjin teacher are used to show that Internet jargons ________ .

A. are used not only online              

B. can be understood very well

C. are welcomed by all the people       

D. cause trouble to our mother tongue

4. The underlined word "jargons" means " ________ " in Chinese.

    A. 行话           B. 粗口        C. 歌词           D. 趋势

5. What would be the best title for the passage?

    A. A puzzled father                   B. Do you speak Internet-ish?

C. Keep away from Internet-ish      D. Kong Long or Qing Wa?

 

Many people catch a cold in the springtime or fall. It makes us wonder. If scientists can send a man to the moon, why can’t they find a way to deal with the common cold? The answer is easy. There are actually hundreds of kinds of cold viruses out there. You never know which one you will get, so there isn’t a cure for each one.

When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it. Blood rushes to your nose and brings congestion(拥塞)in it. That is to say, you cannot breathe well. As a result, you feel terrible. However, your body is actually “eating” the virus. Your temperature rises and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is also killing the virus. Besides, you have a runny nose to stop the virus from getting into you. You may feel terrible, but in fact your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold.

Different people have different ways to deal with common colds. In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better. Some people take hot baths; some drink warm water, milk, or things like that; other people take medicine to stop the fever, congestion, and runny nose.

Some scientists suggest you should not take medicine when having a common cold, saying that it is bad for you to do that. If you take medicine, your body will stop reacting to the virus and thus won’t have a way to fight it and kill it, which makes the virus stay in you longer. Bodies can do an amazing job on their own.

1. According to the passage, what makes us wonder?

  A. Why we never know which cold we will get.

  B. Why scientists are able to send a man to the moon.

  C. Why scientists cannot find a cure for the common cold.

D. Why there are hundreds of kinds of cold viruses out there.

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage when we are suffering from colds?

  A. Fever.    B. Headache.   C. Runny nose.    D. Congestion.

3. When you have congestion in your nose, ________.

  A. you will not be able to breathe well

  B. your temperature is going to rise

  C. your blood is running too fast

  D. you will have a runny nose

4. According to the passage, people may deal with common colds in different ways EXCEPT ________.

  A. taking medicine  B. taking hot baths  C. eating chicken soup  D. drinking alcohol

5. Some scientists advise you not to take medicine when you have a common cold because _______.

  A. your body will fight and kill the virus on its own

  B. your body will probably react too much to the virus

  C. it will take longer time for your body to get over the virus

  D. it will not be able to stop the fever, congestion or runny nose

 

As you dash outdoors in the middle of winter, you might make it halfway down the block before realizing that your ears are freezing because you forgot your hat.

Now, scientists have shown that even though you’ve had an apparent memory lapse(丧失), your brain never forgot what you should have done.

Memory works mainly by association. For example, as you try to remember where you left your keys, you might recall you last had them in the living room, which reminds you that there was an ad for soap on television, which reminds you that you need soap, and so on. And then, as you’re heading out of the door to buy soap, you remember that your keys are on the kitchen counter. Your brain knew where the keys were all along. It just took a round-about way to get there.

Now, scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies are studying associative memory in monkeys to figure out just how this complicated process works.

First, the researchers trained a group of monkeys to remember arbitrary(任意的) pairs of symbols. The researchers showed the monkeys one symbol(cold weather) and then gave them the choice of two other symbols, one of which (a hat) would be associated with the first. A correct choice would earn them a sip of their favorite juice.

Most of the monkeys performed the test perfectly, but one kept making mistakes.

“We wondered what happened in the brain when the monkey made the wrong choice, although it apparently learned the right pairing of symbols,” said study leader Thomas Albright.

Albright and his team observed signals from the nerve cells in the monkey’s inferior temporal cortex (ITC), an area of its brain used for visual pattern recognition and for storing this type of memory.

As the monkey was deciding which symbol to choose, about a quarter of the activity in the ITC was due to the choice behavior.

Meanwhile, more than half the activity was in a different group of nerve cells, which scientists believe represent the monkey’s memory of the correct symbol pairing, and surprisingly, these cells continued to work well even when the monkey chose the wrong symbol.

“In this sense, the cells ‘knew’ more than the monkeys let on in their behavior,” Albright said. “Thus, behavior may vary, but knowledge endures.”

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

A. Your brain remembers what you forget.

B. Activity is a round-about way to memory.

C. Monkeys have better memory than us.

D. Your brain may forget something, but not always.

2. The example of the keys and soap is given to explain the relationship between _______.

A. memory and our daily life    B. memory and television ads

C. memory and association      D. memory lapse and human brain

3. The researchers believe the monkey that made the wrong choice ________.

A. had some trouble with its nerve system   B. failed to see the objects well

C. had the worst memory       D. also knew the correct answer

4. The underlined word “endures” may be best replaced by __________.

A. increases     B. remains  C. disappears  D. improves

 

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