【题目】Barack Obama, Lady Gaga and Steve Jobs—what do they have in common? They are, of course, all Americans. And according to a survey by social networking site badoo. com, they all best illustrate(举例说明) the word “cool”.

But just what does it mean to say someone is “cool”? Most would answer that it is something to do with being independent-minded and not following the crowd.

Yale University art professor Robert Farris Thompson says that the term “cool” goes back to 15th century West African philosophy(哲学). “Cool” relates to ideas of grace(优雅) under pressure.

“In Africa, ” he writes, “coolness is a positive quality which combines calmness, silence, and life. ”

The modern idea of “cool” developed largely in the US in the period after World War Ⅱ. “Post-war ‘cool’ was in part an expression of war-weariness (厌战情绪) . . . it went against the strict social rules of the time, ” write sociologists Dick Pountain and David Robins in Cool Rules: Anatomy of an Attitude.

But it was the American actor James Dean who became the symbol for “cool” in the hugely successful 1955 movie Rebel without a Cause. Dean plays a tough guy who disobeys his parents and the authorities(权威). He always gets the girl, smokes cigarettes, wears a leather jacket and beats up bullies(欺凌弱小者). In the movie, Dean showed what “cool” would mean to American young people for the next 60 years.

Today the focus of “cool” has changed to athletics (体育运动) stars. Often in movies about schools, students gain popularity on th athletics field more than in the classroom. This can be seen quite clearly in movies like Varsity Blues and John Tucker Must Die.

But many teenagers also think being smart is cool. Chess and other thinking games have been becoming more popular in schools.

“Call it the Harry Potterization of America —a time when being smart is the new cool, ” writes journalist Joe Sunnen.

【1】Barack Obama, Lady Gaga and Steve Jobs are mentioned in the first paragraph to ________.

A. introduce the topic

B. draw our attention

C. tell us what they have in common

D. tell us what is “cool”

【2】If you were considered “cool” in Africa in the 15th century, you ________.

A. thought and acted differently from the majority

B. had a calm and quiet attitude towards life

C. didn’t observe rules and authorities

D. had all kinds of “bad” manners

【3】The heroes in Varsity Blues and John Tucker Must Die are likely to be those who ________.

A. do very well in their studies

B. are very skilled at sports

C. are good at chess and other thinking games.

D. have supernatural powers like Harry Potter

【4】Which of the following is NOT true according to the article？

A. It is generally considered “cool” to be independent-minded and not to follow the crowd.

B. “Cool” was used as early as the 15th century.

C. Disobeying one’s parents and the authorities is considered “cool” among American young people nowadays.

D. Getting the first place in an exam can also be considered “cool”.

【5】What does the article mainly talk about?

A. The origin of the word “cool”.

B. The kinds of people who are “cool”.

C. The changing meaning of the word “cool”.

D. How to be a “ cool” person.

【题目】 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线（___），并在该词下面写出修改的词。

注意: 1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear mum and dad,

I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize I won last year. I have to

remind yourself constantly that I am real in AD 3008. Worrying about the journey,

I was unsettled for the first a few days. As a result, I suffer from “time lag”. This

is similar with the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems that you keep getting

flashbacks from your previous time period. So I was very nervous and uncertain

at first. However, Wang Ping, my friend and guide, were very understanding

but gave me some green tablet which helped a lot. Well-known for their expertise,

his parents company transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.

…

Yours,

Li Qiang

【题目】Everyone knows about straight-A students. We see them frequently in TV situation comedies and in movies like Revenge(报复)of the Nerds. They get high grades, all right, but only by becoming dull laborers, their noses always stuck in a book. They are not good at social communication and look clumsy while doing sports.

How, then, do we account for Domenica Roman or Paul Melendres?

Roman is on the tennis team at Fairmont Senior High School. She also sings in the choral group, serves on the student council and is a member of the mathematics society. For two years she has maintained A’s in every subject. Melendres, a freshman at the University of New Mexico, was student-body president at Valley High School in Albuquerque. He played soccer and basketball well, exhibited at the science fair, and meanwhile worked as a reporter on a local television station. Being a speech giver at the graduation ceremony, he achieved straight A’s in his regular classes, plus bonus points for A’s in two college-level courses.

How do super-achievers like Roman and Melendres do it? Brains aren’t the only answer. “Top grades don’t always go to the brightest students,” declares Herbert Walberg, a professor of education at the University of Illinois at Chicago, who has conducted major studies on super-achieving students. “Knowing how to make the most of your innate(天生的)abilities counts for more. Much more.”

In fact, Walberg says, students with high IQ sometimes don’t do as well as classmates with lower IQ. For them, learning comes too easily and they never find out how to get down.

Hard work isn’t the whole story, either. “It’s not how long you sit there with the books open,” said one of the many-A students we interviewed. “It’s what you do while you’re sitting.” Indeed, some of these students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their lower-scoring classmates.

The kids at the top of the class get there by mastering a few basic techniques that others can readily learn.

【1】What can we conclude from the first paragraph?

A. Most TV programs and films are about straight-A students.

B. People have unfavorable impression on straight-A students.

C. Everyone knows about straight-A students from TV or films.

D. Straight-A students are well admired by people in the society.

【2】Some students become super-achievers mainly because_________.

A. they are born cleverer than others

B. they work longer hours at study

C. they make full use of their abilities

D. they know the shortcut to success

【3】What will be talked about after the last paragraph?

A. The interviews with more students.

B. The role IQ plays in learning well.

C. The techniques to be better learners.

D. The achievements top students make.

【题目】根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在横线上写出对应单词的正确、完整形式，每空只写一词。

【1】The factory has a lot of modern _________（设备）.

【2】A smaller vehicle, _____(消费，消耗) less fuel, is more popular in the tough economy .

【3】You should be _______(羞耻的) of yourself for telling such lies.

【4】The great pressure and difficulty _______ (使惊慌) them into giving it up.

【5】As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it_(自动地)。

【题目】The Chinese National Football Team won the game, ____ made us excited.

A. that B. which C. what D. who

【题目】____to caring for an Ebola(埃博拉) patient, the nurse found herself also infected, feeling hopeless.

A. Devoting B. Devoted

C. Having devoted D. To devote

【题目】Holidays

【1】What can you do if you like to go on holidays with pets?

A. Choose the holiday in Devon.

B. Go to the Snowdonia Center.

C. Join the World Sea Trip of 2008.

D. Visit Acapulco and Hawaii.

【2】In what way is the Snowdonia Center different from the other two holidays?

A. It provides chances of family gathering.

B. It providers customers with good food.

C. It offers a sport lesson.

D. It offers comfortable room.

【3】What is special about the World Sea Trip of 2008?

A. You can have free meals on deck every day.

B. You can sleep on a ship and tour many places.

C. You will have chances to watch and act in a play.

D. You have to do your own packing and unpacking.

【4】At the Snowdonia Center, the beginner’s costs of ￡57 do not cover___?

A. food. B. rooms.

C. body exercises. D.walking shoes.

【题目】The family sphere(范围) used to be defined by its isolation from the public realm. There was the public male realm（领域）of "rational accomplishment" and cruel competition, and the private female and child-rearing sphere of home, intuition（直觉）and emotion. The private realm was supposed to be isolated from the realities of adult life. For both better and worse, television and other electronic media tend to break down the difference between those two worlds. The membrane around the family sphere is much more permeable(可渗透的). TV takes public events and transforms them into dramas that are played out in the privacy of our living rooms, kitchens and bedrooms.

Parents used to be the channel through which children learned about the outside world. They could decide what to tell their children and when to tell it to them. Since children learn to read in stages, books provide a kind of natural screening process, where adults can decide what to tell and not tell children of different reading abilities. Television destroyed the system that separated adult from child knowledge and separated information into year-by-year slices for children of different ages. Instead, it presents the same information directly to children of all ages, without going through adult filters.

So television presents a real challenge to adults. While a parent can read a newspaper without sharing it with children in the same room, television is accessible to everyone in that space. And unlike books, television doesn't allow us to flip（翻转）through it and see what's coming up. We may think we're giving our children a lesson in science by having them watch the Challenger take off, and then suddenly they learn about death, disaster and adult mistakes.

Books allow adults to discuss privately what to tell or not tell children. This also allows parents to keep adult material secret from children and keep their secret keeping secret. Take that same material and put it on The Today Show and you have 800,000 children hearing the very things the adults are trying to keep from them. "Television takes our kids across the globe before parents give them permission to cross the street."

More importantly, children gradually learn that adults are worried and anxious about being parents. Actually, television has also places families under a lot of stress.

How Television Changes Childhood?

【题目】_____ caused the great damage remains unknown.

A. What B. That C. How D. Where

【题目】–— It is unwise for some people to drive and talk on a cell phone.

–— _______. It's very dangerous.

A. I couldn't agree more B. Not really

C. Good idea D. That's great