12．A new study.done by a private American organization called Population Action International.warns ——青夏教育精英家教网—

12．A new study，done by a private American organization called Population Action International，warns that about thirty percent of the world's people may not have enough water by the year 2025．It also says over 335million people in 28countries lack enough water now，most of which are in Africa or the Middle East．
PAI researcher Robert Engelman says by the year 2025，about 3，000million people may lack water．At least 18more countries are expected to have severe water problems．The demand for water keeps increasing．Yet the amount of water on Earth stays the same．
Mr．Engelman says the population in countries lacking water is growing faster than in other parts of the world．He says population growth in these countries will continue to increase．
The report says lack of water may result in several problems．It may increase health problems．Lack of water often means drinking water is not safe．Mr．Engelman says there are problems all over the world because of diseases，such as cholera，which are carried in water．Lack of water may also result in more international conflicts．Countries may have to compete for water in the future．Some countries now get 60% of their fresh water from other countries．This is true of Egypt，the Netherlands，Cambodia，Syria，Sudan，and Iraq．
The PAI study gives several solutions（解决办法）to the water problem．One way，it says，is to find ways to use water for more than one purpose．Another way is to teach people not to waste water．A third way is to use less water for agriculture．The report also says long-term solutions to the water problem must include controlling population growth．

59．According to the report，which is the reason for lack of water？C
A．International conflicts．
B．Serious water pollution．
C．Increasing demand for water．
D．Using water for more than one purpose．
60．Which of the following statements is true？B
A．The amount of water on earth is becoming less．
B．Lack of water may cause some health problems such as cholera．
C.28countries in Africa or the Middle East lack enough water now．
D．Egypt，China，and Iraq get 60% of the fresh water from other countries．
61．How many ways to solve the water problem are mentioned in the passage？C
A.1． B.2． C.4． D.5．
62．We can know from the study done by PAI thatD．
A．the population will stop growing because of lack of water
B．about 3，000million people in the world lack water at present
C．lack of water may occur in fewer countries in Africa by 2025
D．we need to control population growth to solve the water problems．

11．Global financial big dogs are no match for China's"Da Ma"，or housewives，who have crowded into gold stores across China，buying up 300 tons of gold over the past two weeks．No wonder gold prices have steadied after taking a dive．
   During the May Day holiday，gold stores were crowded with mostly female customers．Most of them are middle-aged"Chinese housewives"．This group of buyers has risen to fame recently．They are big spenders and are desperate to get their hands on a bargain．"I bought some gold jewelry and kept them as a gift for my son when he gets married，"said a buyer from Shanghai．
The gold business is skyrocketing．"Our sales are growing by the day．Yesterday we sold more than ten million yuan of gold products，"a gold store salesperson said．The gold rush in China started about two weeks ago thanks to a decline in global gold prices．Media reports suggest that Chinese housewives have spent about 100 billion yuan，or about 16 billion US dollars，purchasing 300 tons of gold since mid-April．That has helped support gold prices．
"Gold prices depressed since the middle of last month but have risen gradually．That is mainly due to the strong demand from Asian markets，"said foreign trader Zhang Chen from Industrial & Commercial Bank of China．"Some people even joked that Chinese housewives have beaten Wall Street analysts．"For Chinese people，with limited investment options，the only thing better than buying gold is buying gold at discount prices．
71．Why have the gold prices risen gradually after taking a dive？D
A．Because Asian markets have a strong demand for gold which leads to the rising of its prices．
B．Because Chinese housewives are always desperate to buy as much gold as they need．
C．Because it is just a kind of natural economic phenomenon．
D．Because Chinese housewives made the prices rise again．
72．What does the author indicate in the underlined sentence of the last paragraph？
C
A．Wall Street analysts can't match with Chinese housewives．
B．Chinese housewives are now richer than Wall Street analysts．
C．Chinese housewives have spent even more money on gold than Wall Street analysts．
D．Chinese housewives have bought even much more gold than Wall Street analysts expected．
73．What can we infer about the gold rush in China from the passage？D
A．Chinese housewives are most willing to spend money in buying gold．
B．China's"Da Ma"crowded into stores to get gold as the best gifts for sons when they get married．
C．China's"Da Ma"led to the decline in global gold prices．
D．China's"Da Ma"become the largest gold buyers due to a decline in global gold
prices．
74．The whole passage mainly developedC．
A．by giving examples    B．by contrast    C．by quotation     D．by time order
75．The author's description about the passage isC．
A．reasonable            B．subjective    C．objective        D．negative．

10．Have you ever felt that you want more friends？Have you found that you don't know how to make friends？Don't worry．It's easier than it looks．
Start with small actions．If you're uncomfortable with long conversations with people，start by just saying"hi"and asking what the person is doing．Even if you do more listening than talking in the beginning，people will usually still like you．When it comes to conversations，remember"F．O．R．"．It stands for family，occupation（职业） and recreation（休闲）．You are most likely to be asked about these three topics when you meet someone new．Most people feel comfortable talking about the three topics．The great thing is that you also can communicate with someone new in these three areas．
Honesty is the best policy．In friendship，"honesty"is the fundamental quality that one must have．One should always be honest with his or her friends．Don't laugh at people's fault．Praise them honestly and openly．Say you are sorry if you hurt your friend．
Give more than you take．Be there when they need you，Encourage them； we all need encouragement now and then．Encourage their dreams．Life seems meaningless without them．Wish your friends good luck．Examine your purpose before you"help out"．Love and never forget them．
56．The author thinks making friends isB．
A．difficult B．easy C．funny D．interesting
57．What can you ask when you meet people？B
A．How old are you？
B．What do you do？
C．How much do you earn each month？
D．What's your attitude towards politics？
58．What does the underlined word"fundamental"in Paragraph 3 mean？A
A．Basic．B．Beautiful．C．Comfortable．D．Meaningful．
59．We can learn from the last paragraph thatC．
A．we shouldn't tell lies to our best friends．
B．we should encourage our friends to help others．
C．one should help friends try to realize their dreams．
D．people might be able to get something when they help others．
60．Which would be the best title for this passage？B
A．Where to Meet Friends？
B．How to Make Friends？
C．what Is a Friend Indeed？
D．Everyone Needs Friends．

9．There's no place in the world like Venice，Italy．Called the City of Water，Venice was built about 1，500 years ago．It's made up of 118 tiny islands in the Adriatic Sea．The area，however，may be in over its head．But now scientists have a new plan to save the city．
Because the city was built on soft soil，it has been sinking under the pressure of its own weight．Scientists estimate that Venice sinks at a rate of nearly 2 inches every 100 years．Rising sea levels could make Venice go under even faster，some experts say．Earth's temperature is slowly increasing．That is causing sea ice to melt，which makes the world's waters rise，they say．
To keep the city afloat，experts want to pump about 40 billion gallons of sea water beneath Venice．The liquid would expand the sand under the city，which would help support the islands，explains lead scientist Giuseppe Gambolati．
Experts are rushing to save Venice because of its rich history．The city was once a strong sea power．"Many famous artists and opera singers have come from Venice．Some of the world's greatest paintings can be found on the city's museum walls，"explains Melissa Conn，who is a director of Save Venice Inc．
While scientists work to get their water-pumping plan approved，Venice's residents go about their normal routines．When the tide rolls in，the locals have ways of keeping everyone dry．Cafe owners move tables to higher ground，and hotels pass out high boots to guests．
Still，dealing with the rising water does not give the city's residents a sinking feeling，just ask Erla Zwingle．She has lived in Venice for 17 years．"There has always been high water in Venice．"Zwingle told WR News．"If high water really were a serious problem，people wouldn't be still living here．"
56．What's the main reason Venice is sinking？C
A．Its population is rising．
B．Its buildings are too weighty．
C．The soil it was built on is not solid．
D．Its underground water is being overused．
57．What can we know about Venice from the passage？D
A．It sinks at a rate of 2 inches every 200 years．
B．It has a history of more than 1，500 years．
C．It has been in a very dangerous situation．
D．It was once a strong sea power．
58．According to Melissa Conn，VeniceB．
A．is not protecting properly
B．deserves the world's attention
C．is best-known only for its artists
D．has difficulty surviving the rising temperature
59．What's the local residents'attitude towards their sinking city？D
A．Worried．B．Disappointed．C．Concerned．D．Optimistic．
60．What is the main idea of the passage？D
A．Venice is a city with a long history．
B．Experts report that Venice sinks at a fast rate．
C．Venice was once a powerful country．
D．Scientists have a new plan to protect Venice from sinking．

8．"There is nothing either good or bad，but thinking makes it so．"-William Shakespeare，Hamlet．One of the greatest sources of unhappiness，in my experience，is the difficulty we have in accepting things as they are．
　　When we see something we don't like，we wish it could be different-we cry out for something better．That may be human nature，or perhaps it's something that's ingrained in our culture．
An example：in my recent article，A Beautiful Method to Find Peace of Mind，quite a few people thought my view was too negative because I said you should expect people to mess up，expect things to go differently than you planned，and that you should accept that willingly．
It's too negative to expect things to go wrong，they said．However，it's only negative if you see it as negative，if you judge it as bad．Instead，you could accept it as the way the world works-as the way things actually are．And try to understand why that is，and embrace it as it is．Accept these things as they are，and try to understand why they're that way．
Does it mean you can never change things and make this world a better place？Not at all．But not because the world is full of misery，but because that's the path you choose to take，because you enjoy that path and the process of change．
　　Try a different approach：accept，and understand．It might lead to some interesting results．
63．What does the underlined word"ingrained"in the second paragraph mean？C
A．celebrated       B．followed         C．rooted       D．liked
64．What does the author mean by saying the underlined sentence in the third paragraph？A
A．People should take the world as the way it actually works．
B．The world is negative if people see and judge it as negative．
C．In current society we can expect nothing but mess-up people and go-wrong things．
D．We must try to understand what is nature of the world．
65．According to the article，people change the world becauseB．
A．the world is full of misery              B．they enjoy the process of change
C．they can't understand the world         D．they are kind people
66．Which of the following titles best sums up the whole passage？D
A．Change the world
B．Heal the world
C．Cherish the world
D．Accept the world．

7．Your smart-phone（智能手机） can do a lot of things．It can call people．It connects to the Internet．It enables you to play fun games．But there is a dark side to this smart little device of yours-it might also spread disease．
"People are just as likely to get sick from their phones as from handles of the bathroom，"Jeffery Cain，the president of the American Academy of Family Physicians，told The Wall Street Journal．
This may be hard to believe，but scientists reached this conclusion after they tested eight random cell phones from an office in Chicago．All the tested phones showed high numbers of coli forms（大肠菌），a kind of bacteria found in excrement（粪便），with about 2，700 to 4，200 units of the bacteria on each phone．In drinking water，the healthy limit is less than 1 unit per 100 ml of water．This bacteria can cause flu，pinkeye（红眼病） and diarrhea（腹泻）．That's right-your phone is covered with excrement!
Although computers，keys and pens all carry bacteria，our smart-phones get far dirtier．They touch a lot of stuff，including our pocket or purse．We take them almost everywhere：the bus，the subway and who hasn't played Angry Birds or Fruit Ninja while sitting on the toilet？
"Some things that we think are personal are actually more public than we imagine，"Cain said．
What's even worse is that after the phone returns from its dirty trip，it then spends most of its time covering our faces．Our noses，mouths and ears are all warm and rich in grease（油脂），an environment that bacteria really like．
Compared to traditional keypads，touch screens spread bacteria more easily to hands．According to Time magazine's website，an expert in Australia warned that playing with iPads and iPhones at Apple stores is a health risk．

26．The underlined word"dark"in the first paragraph meansD．
A．black B．hopeless C．unclear D．unpleasant
27．Which of the following best describes the tone of the third paragraph？C
A．Angry．B．Interested．C．Concerned．D．Delighted．
28．By saying"Some things we think are personal are actually more public than we imagine"in Paragraph 5，Cain meant thatC．
A．people love to share their smart-phones more than they realize
B．our personal items could be as risky to our health as public items
C．smart-phones are used in public places more than people realize
D．most people don't know how dirty their cell phones are
29．Compared with traditional keypads，smart-phonesB
A．are greasier and need more alcohol to clean
B．make contact with our hands more often
C．get warm more easily and are harder to clean
D．get much nearer to our faces
30．What is the article mainly about？B
A．Tips on the use of smart-phones．
B．Health problems caused by the use of smart-phones．
C．The danger of coli forms infection．
D．The influence that smart-phones have on our life．

6．目前，许多人认为上大学是通向美好未来的唯一出路．请以College and Success in Life 为题用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你的看法．
要求：1．引出观点；
2．联系实际进行客观分析论证；
3．得出结论．
College and Success in Life
Nowadays，a lot of people believe going to college is the only way to a brighter future．．

5．What makes one person more intelligent than another？What makes one person a genius，like the brilliant Albert Einstein，and another person a fool？Are people born intelligent or stupid，or is intelligence the result of where and how you live？These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear．
We know，however，that just being born with a good mind is not enough．In some ways，the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle．It needs exercise．Mental （done with the mind） exercise is particularly important for young children．Many child psychologists （心理学家） think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about．The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent．If，on the other hand，children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do，they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent．
Parents should also be careful with what they say to young children．According to some psychologists，if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot，then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things．So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children，such as"That was a very clever thing you did"or"You are such a smart child"．
36．The words"intelligent"and"brilliant"in the first paragraph probably meanAwhile"dull"in the second paragraph meansA．
A．bright and splendid； slow in thinking and understanding
B．pretty and handsome； ordinary-looking
C．great and important； common
D．hopeful and helpful； careless　
37．According to the context we can guess that a genius isCwhile an idiot isC
A．a normal person； a funny person
B．a strong person； a weak person
C．a highly intelligent person； a foolish or weak-minded person
D．a famous person； an ordinary person　
38．A personDis more likely to become a genius．
A．whose parents are clever
B．often thinking about difficult problems
C．often helped by his parents and teachers
D．born with a good brain and putting it into active use　
39．It is better for parentsA．
A．to praise and encourage their children more often
B．to be hard on their children
C．to leave their children alone with nothing to do
D．to give their children as much help as possible　
40．Which of the following is NOT true according to the article？C
A．Parents play an important part in their children's growth．
B．The less you use your mind the duller you may become．
C．Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live．
D．What makes a person bright or stupid is still under discussion．

4．A good way to pass an examination is to work hard every day in the year．You may fail in an examination if you are lazy for most of the year and then work hard only a few days before the examination．If you are taking an English examination，do not only learn rules of grammar．
Try to read stories in English and speak English whenever you can．A few days before the examination you should start going to bed early．Do not stay up late at night studying and learning things．Before you start the examination，read the question paper over carefully．Try to understand the exact meaning of each question before you pick up your pen to write．When you have at last finished your examination，read your answers over．Correct the mistakes if there are any and make sure that you have not  missed anythingout．

21．If you want to improve your English，you mustC．
A．learn rules of grammar by heart           B．speak English all day long
C．practise it as often as possible          D．stay up late at night
22．Before you begin to write in the examination paper，you shouldA．
A．try to understand the exact meaning of each question
B．read the examination paper over carefully
C．correct the mistakes you may have made
D．pay attention to the rules of grammar
23．The underlined phrase"miss out"here meansB．
A．your examination paper is missing
B．you forget to answer some of the questions
C．the examination has already been finished
D．you want to go out of the classroom．

3．You may think your bathroom is often full of bacteria（细菌） and so you give it a complete cleaning once a week．But how often do you clean out and disinfect（消毒） your fridge？Well，probably not often enough，according to a recent study，which found out that the fridge is the second dirtiest place in your house，just behind the bathroom．
Fridge temperatures were often set too high，allowing the growth of bacteria，which included E．coil，Enterobacteria，and S．aureus，all of which will give you an easy access to food poisoning．So what can you do to ensure your fridge---and your food in it---is not a health threat？
For starters，clean the fridge weekly---wipe it and repeat．
Make sure your fridge is at the correct temperature for storing food，between 0and 5degrees centigrade．Your freezer should be below-18degrees centigrade．You can use fridge and freezer thermeters to make sure this is the case．
Some modern fridges have zones to store different types of food，such as meat and vegetables．Make sure you don′t store meat in the vegetable zone，as the temperature there might be higher．
Make sure you don not leave the door open too long as the temperature in the fridge will quickly rise，creating a breeding（繁殖） ground for bacteria．
Cover food that has not been finished，and eat it within a couple of days．
Keep bottles and jars closed．
Keep raw meat away from cooked meat．Both should be well covered to prevent pollution．
Store raw meat at the bottom of the fridge to stop juices dripping onto other foods．
Finally，use common sense，and throw away old food．

33．What do we know from the first paragraph？C
A．People often clean their fridges once a week．
B．A recent study shows the bathroom is the dirtiest place in the house．
C．Many people don′t believe that the fridge is a dirty place．
D．The fridge may not have as many bacteria as the bathroom．
34．Which is the best temperature for storing your food in the fridge？C
A.10°C B．-2°C C.4°C D．-18°C
35．The purpose of this text is toD．
A． introduce some common knowledge about fridges
B．teach people how to fix their fridges
C．guide people to store food properly in their fridges
D． let people know how to keep their fridges clean．

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