19．Will you be playing some music at work？
Music is particularly popular in the medical profession，especially among surgeons（外科医生）．A recent survey shows that 90% of surgeons in the UK put music on the sound system in the   theatre during operations．Plastic surgeons（整形外科医生）play the most music，it appears； ear，nose，and throat specialists the least．
But it isn't only in surgeries where music is popular．In another recent survey，one-third of the 1，613people said they listen to music while working．And 79% of them said that humming（哼歌）along improves their job satisfaction or productivity．
Is listening to music at work a good idea？Yes，say the experts．Many surgeons say that music contributes to creating a"calm atmosphere"，and a third of them added that it avoids getting bored!Also，listening to music raises the levels of a brain chemical that can help people focus．Office workers say it improves job satisfaction．Several studies suggest that it's also good for hospital patients．Those listening to music through headphones during surgery require less anaesthetic（麻醉剂），up to 50% less in some cases，and recover more quickly afterwards．"Sure，music reduces anxiety before surgery，"says Zeev Kain，an anaesthetist at Yale University．
So，what type of music should we be listening to？Surgeons from the previous survey favored rock，pop music and classical．And hip-hop is popular too．However，whatever the kind，it appears that self-selected music is the best choice．Pennsylvania State University research showed that when people chose their own music there was more stress reduction．And other researchers found that when listening to self-selected music，surgeons did the maths faster and more accurately than when they were listening to music chosen for them．

70．The underlined word"theatre"in Paragraph 2probably meansA．
A．an operating room              B．a rest room for surgeons
C．a waiting room in a hospital   D．a building where shows are performed
71．The surveys mentioned in the passage showA．
A．music is popular in many professions
B．most surgeons in the UK are music lovers
C．office workers learn a lot from listening to music
D．more than half the people listen to music at work
72．What are the advantages of listening to music at work？C
①improving memory②keeping people relaxed
③improving job satisfaction④improving eyesight
A．①④B．①②C．②③D．②④
73．How should you choose music for work time according to the passage？B
A．Turn to the surgeons for help．
B．Make your selection by yourself．
C．Rock，pop music and classical are always good choices．
D．The most popular music should be taken into consideration．
74．The passage is mainly aboutD．
A．how to choose music wisely
B．where to find the best music
C．the popularity of music in hospitals
D．the benefits of listening to music at work．
18．The Chinese word"Shanzhai"means a small mountain village，but now it becomes an accepted name for fakes（假货），after"Shanzhai Cell-phones"produced by small workshops in southern China，became popular in the mainland market over the past few years．Besides"Shanzhai"electronic products，there are"Shanzhai"movies，"Shanzhai"stars and even a"Shanzhai"Spring Festival Gala，a copy of the 25-year-old traditional show presented by CCTV on Chinese Lunar New Year's Eve．
"Shanzhai"has become a culture of its own，meaning anything that imitates something famous．In Chongqing，"Shanzhai"version"Bird's Nest"woven by farmers with bamboo attracts wide attention and the"Shanzhai"-version"Water Cube"is popular with tourists，too．Both are copies of the famous Olympics buildings in Beijing．
A literature critic，said that taking the"Shanzhai"Gala as an example，when the traditional CCTV program becomes less and less attractive to the audience，the"Shanzhai"version appears timely to attract people．"Although it is often connected with poor techniques and operation，"Shanzhai"culture meets the psychological demands of common people and could be a comfort to their minds．"
    To the mainstream culture，the rise of"Shanzhai"culture is a challenge as well as a motivation．People believe different kinds of cultures developing together is an ideal situation and it is for the public to choose．
66．Which of the following does NOT have a"Shanzhai"version so far according to the writer？D
A．electronic products                      B．movies and stars
C．Spring Festival Gala                     D．daily goods
67．According to the passage，"Shanzhai"culture refers to．C
A．the action that a person imitates famous people
B．products with poor techniques and quality
C．anything that copies something well-known
D．anything of poor quality．
68．We can infer that mainstream culture．D
A．is held back by"Shanzhai"culture
B．is the challenge of"Shanzhai"culture
C．will be replaced by"Shanzhai"culture
D．may develop faster because of the challenge of"Shanzhai"culture
69．Compared with"Shanzhai"Gala，the traditional CCTV program may not．D
A．have advanced techniques and operation 
B．have more famous stars
C．be more educational and entertaining
D．arouse strong interest among many people
70．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？B
A．"Shanzhai"culture will definitely disappear
B．"Shanzhai"culture takes on life of its own
C．"Shanzhai"culture-the mainstream culture
D．"Shanzhai"culture should be banned．
17．In the U．S．Mother's Day is a holiday celebrated on second Sunday in May．It is a day when children honor their mothers with cards，gifts and flowers．First  observance in Philadelphia in 1907，it is based on suggestions by Julia Ward Howe in 1872and by Anna Jarvis in 1907．
Although it wasn't celebrated in the U．S．until 1907，there were days honoring mothers even in the days of ancient Greece．In those days，however，it was Rhea，the Mother of the gods that was given honor．Later，in the 1600's，in England there was an annual celebration called"Mothering Sunday．"It was celebrated during June，on the fourth Sunday，the servants，who generally lived with their employers，were encouraged to return home and honor their mothers．It was traditional for them to bring a special cake along to celebrate the occasion．
In the U．S．，in 1907Ana Jarvis，from Philadelphia，began a campaign to establish a national Mother's Day．Jarvis persuaded her mother's church in Grafton，West Virginia to celebrate Mother's Day on the second anniversary of her mother's death，the 2ed Sunday of May．The next day Mother's Day was also celebrated in Philadelphia，Jarvis and others began a letter-writing campaign to ministers，businessmen，and politicians asking to establish a national Mother's Day．They were successful．President Woodrow Wilson，in 1914，made the official announcement recognizing Mother's Day as a national celebration that was to be held each year on the 2nd Sunday of May．
Many other countries of the world celebrate their own Mother's Day at different times throughout the year．Denmark，Finland，Italy，Turkey，Australia，and Belgium celebrate Mother's Day on the second Sunday in May，as in the U．S．

56．Mother's Day in the U．S．was first celebratedB．
A．in 1872   B．in 1907   C．in the 1600's   D．in 1914
57．The underlined word"observance"in the first paragraph probably means
"A"．
A．celebration   B．principle   C．holiday   D．campaign
58．According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE？C
A．All the mothers were given honor in the days of ancient Greece．
B．Only the servants'mothers were given honor on Mothering Sunday in England．
C．President Woodrow Wilson announced Mother's Day as a national celebration．
D．Ana Javis's mother probably died on the 2nd Sunday of May in 1907．
59．What could be the best title for this passage？A
A．Mother's Day of the U．S            B．Mother's Day of the world
C．Ana Jarvis and Mother's Day         D．Styles of Mother's Day．
16．Dances are effective tools to convey messages．With the dance，music and well-designed actions，viewers can sway（摇摆）with what they hear and see．It's not just hearing an emotional tune or seeing some expressive movements，it is a way to get the soul．
More than strongly conveying a message，dances have a lot to offer us．Dances also allow us to express out feelings at certain moments．More than expression of strong emotions，dances are about a lot more things．We owe it to everyone to learn how to dance．Dances can unify people because they spend time together dancing．Every human culture develops some or other forms of dances to celebrate occasions．It also could be a suitable and inspirational form of entertainment．And it is leisure（休闲）with physical benefits．It takes us away from the hassle of normal life and allows us to relax while we have a dance，which is a good form of exercise．
The types of dances in the whole world are unlimited．There are the most commonly studied and performed types though．And probably the most widely known type of dance in the world is ballet．Jazz is a fun way to dance relying heavily on originality，improvisation（即兴）and bold dramatic expression．There is tap dancing with floor tapping with creative rhythmic patterns．Hip hop on the other hand came from the hip hop culture．There are many variations of hip hop．They are breaking and popping，to name a few．Removing the strictness of ballet，we have the modern dance．
If you want something worthwhile to do with your partner，learn how to dance swing．There are many kinds of dances based on the region such as the east coast and west coast swing．To find a local instructor online，you can use location specific keywords such as the west coast swing San Diego．
71．The dance combined with music and well-designed actionsB．
A．is very interesting sometimes
B．is a way to touch the soul
C．lets people feel it is wonderful
D．only shows feelings of dancers
72．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Para 2？D
A．Human culture all comes from dance．
B．Different people like different kinds of dances．
C．You can send messages to your friends by dancing．
D．Dancing is a form of exercise with physical benefits．
73．What does the underlined word"hassle"in Para2 probably mean？C
A．Great achievement．B．Pleasant time．
C．Pressure or trouble．D．Excellent opportunity．
74．Which dance comes from the hip hop culture？A
A．Breaking．B．Ballet．C．Tap dancing．D．Jazz．
75．The author writes this passage mainly to tell readersD．
A．the history and kinds of dances
B．the form and development of dances
C．the meaning and origin of dances
D．the importance and types of dances．
15．Some people believe the world will come to an end if they say"no"．Thoughts that stop us from saying"no"include："If I say‘no'，everyone will hate me．People will think I'm rude．"Saying"no"to people you will harm them in some terrible way．
None of the above will happen if you say"no"．People don't really care that much!Imagine someone asking to wear your new jacket and you say"no"．Even if that person asks why，you can be honest and tell her you've decided not to lend it out．You don't have to apologize or make up excuses．Imagine you ask your friend for a lift and he says，"Sorry，the car's full already．"Do you feel hurt？The fact is that the car's full．That's all．
That doesn't mean it's always easy to say"no"，especially when you care about the person．Here are some confident ways of saying"no"that don't sound rude．How about saying，"I'll get to my homework right now．""I really don't have time to do that now．Can you get someone else to do it for you？"
If you act like it's no big deal to say"no"，and just stay relaxed，then it doesn't have to be that important for the other person to get you to say"yes"．If you're at a party and someone hands you a beer，you can pass it on to the next person，or calmly say"no thanks"．
Using humor is a good idea to avoid doing something you don't want to do．But if using nice jokes isn't easy for you，the following TIPS may help：Make an Excuse：It makes me throw up； Avoid It：I'm going to be late； we'd better hurry； Pour It on：Are you serious？I can't believe you said that!Switch Directions：Wait．I have to tell you about what Jenny said to me．
61．In Paragraph 1，the writer mainly talks about．B
A．the belief that saying"no"will destroy the world
B．the reasons why people are afraid of saying"no"
C．the bad effects that saying"no"will bring about
D．the wrong opinions that are caused by saying"no"
62．What can we learn from the second paragraph？A
A．It is natural for people to say"no"if they have to．
B．You can say"no"to those who don't care much．
C．It is honest of you to apologize if you say"no"．
D．Your friend will feel sorry if he says"no"to you．
63．In terms of saying"no"，the writer thinks that．C
A．it is always hard for people to say"no"
B．always saying"no"makes people confident
C．it needs skills for people to say"no"politely
D．people need to make up excuses to say"no"
64．When you calmly say"no"to the other person，you may consider that．A
A．it doesn't matter really
B．it helps you feel relaxed
C．he or she is less important than you
D．saying"yes"means you're unimportant
65．How many tips does the writer offer you to follow besides nice jokes？D
A．One．B．Two．C．Three．D．Four．
14．Why Cats Scratch Tings
In has long been assumed that when cats scratch objects with their front paws（爪子）that they are sharpening their claws．（71）AResearch on cat behavior suggests that the major reason for this behavior is communication．By scratching up the bark of a tree （or the leg of your favorite chair） the cat is letting other cats or people know where she is and what she is up to．
Cats tend to pick a small number of noticeable objects in their environments to scratch such as trees，fence posts repeatedly．（72）BThe scratched surface leaves a highly visible mark that can be easily seen by other cats．In addition，cats have special glands （腺）in their paws so that when they make scratching movements they leave scent（气味）that the cats can smell．The fact that cats leave scent marks by making scratching movements may be the reason that cats will continue to scratch objects even after they have been declawed．（73）F
We don't know exactly what cats are communicating with their scratching．Both males and females do it．It is done inside and outside the home and even by cats living with no other cats around．（74）G Cats don't scratch up your furniture to bother you or just to be destructive，but for specific reasons，one of which is communicating．Cats also scratch to extend their bodies，during play，and possibly as a greeting or to relieve dissatisfaction when prevented from doing other things they want to do．
（75）EIt is easier to prevent problem scratching rather than trying to change your cat's preference for the arm of your sofa after it has become a built up habit．Thus，the goal is to establish acceptable scratching habits by getting your cat to prefer a scratching post rather than the arm of your sofa．

A．It turns out that this is only a secondary reason．
B．This is why the tree next door looks so scratched up．
C．Cats use other parts of their bodies to communicate as well．
D．Small pieces of bark have accumulated on the ground underneath．
E．Scratching can result in considerable damage，owner dissatisfaction．
F．Declawed cats may still be leaving scent marks on objects they scratch．
G．It could be a defensive warning or just a marker that announces its existence．
13．Oxford meets the needs of its students，academics and the international research community with a wide range of library services provided by more than 100 libraries，making it the largest university library system in the UK．
Bodleian Libraries is the integrated library service of the University of Oxford．Established in 2000，it comprises nearly 40 libraries．There are major research libraries as well as libraries attached to faculties，departments and other institutions of the University．This is the University's main research library and is the second largest in the UK after the British Library．
SOLO-search service for library collections．SOLO （Search Oxford Libraries Online） is now the main search engine for library collections．SOLO offers a one-stop search and delivery solution for quickly accessing Oxford's main library information resources regardless of type，format，or location．Search results are presented with additional links to improve resource discovery．The Single-Sign-On will offer easy access to subscription resources，whether on or off campus．
Oxford Libraries Information System．All Oxford libraries participate in the online catalogue （OLIS）．It contains records for nearly seven million of the estimated ten million titles held by libraries associated with Oxford University．University libraries share an extensive range of e-resources across all subject areas．
Oxford Digital Library．Oxford is actively involved in developing electronic information，including electronic text archives（档案） and image databases．Through the Oxford Digital Library，the University is a leader in the digitization of manuscripts and other library material．
Oxford University Libraries A-Z．The University also houses many departmental and museum libraries，such as the Museum of the History of Science Library and Oxford University Museum of Natural History Library-Hope Library．Further information about these，and all other University libraries，can be found using the'Libraries A-Z'index．
60．According to the passage，which of the following statements is TRUE？D
A．Bodleian Libraries is the largest library system in the UK．
B．SOLO is now the main search engine off line for library collections．
C．OLIS contains records for estimated ten million titles．
D．There are electronic text archives in Oxford Digital Library．
61．If a new student intends to find a printed book in the Oxford library system，what can he do？A
A．He can log in the SOLO system and locate the book．
B．He can find the book in the British Library．
C．He can locate the book in the Oxford Digital Library．
D．He can refer to the"Libraries A-Z"index．
62．Which of the following are NOT the target readers of the article？B
A．New students
B．Travelers
C．Visiting scholars
D．Academics．
12．Why is pink or purple a color for girls and blue or brown for boys？
The answer depends largely on cultural values as well as personal experiences．To the Egyptians，green is a color that represents the hope and joy of spring，while for Muslims，it means heaven．Red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures．In China，children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year．For many nations，blue is a symbol of protection and religious beliefs．Greek people often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against evils（灾祸）．
People's choice of colors is also influenced by their bodies'reactions （反应）toward them．Green is said to be the most restful color．It has the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally and physically．People who work in green environment have been found to have fewer stomach aches．
Red can cause a person's blood pressure to rise and increase people's appetites（食欲）．Many decorators will include different shades of red in the restaurant．Similarly，many commercial （商业的） websites will have a red"Buy Now"button because red is a color that easily catches a person's eye．
Blue is another calming color．Unlike red，blue can cause people to lose appetite．So if you want to eat less，some suggest that eating from blue plates can help．
The next time you are deciding on what to wear or what color to decorate your room，think about the color carefully．
 55．Muslims regard green as a symbol of heaven mainly because of theirC
A．personal experiences              B．commercial purposes
C．cultural values                   D．physical reactions to the color
56．Why will many commercial websites have a red"Buy Now"button？A
A．To encourage people to make a purchase．
B．To increase people's appetites．
C．To relax people physically．
D．To cause a person's blood pressure to rise．
57．What color might help lose weight according to the text？B
A．Red        B．Blue            C．Green           D．Purple
58．Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text？D
A．Colors and Human Beings      
B．The Cultural Meaning of Color
C．Colors and Personal Experiences  
D．The Meaning and Function of Color．
11．Parties，iPods，concerts，movies，TV shows，video games，traffic．All of these things of the modern world make life entertaining and enjoyable．But our 21st-century lifestyle is also loud and，if we don't take notice，it can have an effect on our hearing．
Most teenagers don't think about hearing loss．But if you experience any of the following symptoms，you may already be hearing damaged：you make efforts to hear normal talk，you have to turn up the TV or radio so high that others complain，you watch other people's expressions to understand what they are saying，you ask people to repeat themselves，you misunderstand what people are saying or you hear ringing in your ears．
iPods and other MP3 players are as common as the clothes you wear，and just as fashionable．But if you turn up an iPod to more than 60 percent of its maximum volume，and listen to music for more than an hour，you are asking for trouble．And，it does not matter if the music you play is classical，rock or heavy metal．
Some researchers find that young people who break the so-called 60-percent/60-minute rule in listening to iPods are at the risk of suffering hearing loss．
Why is an iPod dangerous？With ear buds placed directly in the ear canal and high-volume music played over a long period of time，it's like working in a loud factory all day，being a maintenance person under a jet airplane or using a jackhammer（手提钻）on a building site．
Similarly，iPod music can cause a short time or permanent hearing damage．A loud iPod can cause a ruptured（破裂的）eardrum and，over time，may cause permanent damage to the tiny hairs in the inner ear．If these tiny hairs are damaged，they cannot effectively send sounds to the auditory nerves（听觉神经）that connect to the brain．If this happens，hearing loss becomes permanent．
67．Which of the following shows that you are suffering hearing loss？B
A．You are interested to listen to others'talking．
B．You have to read others'expressions to understand them．
C．You can only understand others over the phone．
D．You always think you hear the ringing of the phone．
68．Which of the following is TRUE when you listen to music？C
A．Listen at least an hour every time．
B．Turn up the volume to the highest level．
C．Keep the sound lower than 60% of its highest volume．
D．Choose classical，rock or heavy metal music．
69．What is the correct order of causing permanent hearing loss？D
a．The eardrum is broken．
b．The auditory nerves cannot receive sounds．
c．Tiny hairs are damaged．
d．Ear buds are placed directly in the ear canal．
e．High-volume music is played over a long time．
A．d-a-c-b-e           B．e-c-a-b-d              C．b-c-a-d-e           D．d-e-a-c-b
70．This passage is mainly aboutB．
A．music that teenagers like         
B．hearing problems caused by the loud world
C．ways that teenagers enjoy music     
D．dangerous modern lifestyles of teenagers．
10．As an effect of the high fuel prices spent on bus transportation，some American schools are changing to a four-day week．That means longer days instead of the traditional Monday through Friday schedule．
Having been approved for three years and beginning in the fall，students in the Maccray school district in Minnesota will be in school from Tuesday to Friday．Each school day will be 65 minutes longer．Officials say the district expects to save about sixty-five thousand dollars a year in transportation costs．
In new Mexico，the first school district changed to a four-day week in 1974 because of the Arab oil boycott（抵制）．Now，17 out of 89 districts use it．
In Custer，South Dakota，students have been going to school four days a week since 1995．Superintendent Tim Creal says the change has saved about one million dollars over just the past eight years．He sees other benefits，too．Students get more instructional time，and activities that used to take up class time are now held on non-school days．He says that in the future，the growth of online classes could make it possible to require even fewer days in school．High fuel prices are driving college students to take more online classes．
A four-day school week sounds like a great idea for students and teachers，but working parents may have to pay for child care for that fifth day．
60．According to Tim Creal，what makes it possible to have even fewer days in school？C
A．The increasing number of private tutors．（私人教师） 
B．The development of teaching methods．
C．The increase in the number of online classes
D．The growth in the income of Americans．
61．It can be learned from the passage thatD
A．students will be in school from Monday to Tuesday．
B．four-day week was first carried out in South Dakota．
C．Maccray will save one million dollars every year．
D．Minnesota state has approved the four-day week plan
62．The passage is mainly aboutA
A．some school's four-day week plan      
B．districts using a four-day week．
C．how to save on transportation fees．
D．expense of school transportation．
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