题目内容

2.President Coolidge's statement,"The business of America is business",still points to an important truth today-that business institutions have more prestige(威望) in American society than any other kind of organization,including the government.Why do business institutions possess this great prestige?
One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in society.Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans,competitive business institutions are respected.Competition is not only good in itself,it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom,equality of opportunity,and hard work are protected.
Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly (垄断)of power.In contrast to one,all-powerful government,many businesses compete against each other for profits.Theoretically,if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers,it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly.Where many businesses compete for the customers'dollar,they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves.
A contrast is often made between business,which is competitive,and government,which is a monopoly.Because business is competitive,many Americans believe that it is more supportive of freedom than government,even though government leaders are elected by the people and business leaders are not.Many Americans believe,then,that competition is as important,or even more important,than democracy in preserving freedom.
Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the ideal of equality of opportunity.Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background.Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background.Business is therefore viewed as and expression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic (贵族的)idea of inherited privilege.

28.The underlined statement in paragraph 1."The business of America is business"probably 件means"C".
A.The business institutions in America are concerned with commerce.
B.Business problems are of great importance to the American government.
C.Business is of primary concern to Americans.
D.America is a great power in world business.
29.Americans believe that they can realize their personal values onlyD.
A.when given equality of opportunity      
B.through doing business
C.by protecting their individual freedom    
D.by way of competition
30.Government is believed to differ strikingly from business in that government is characterized byA.
A.its absolute control of power             
B.its function in preserving personal freedom
C.its role in protecting basic American values.
D.its democratic way of exercising leadership
31.It can be inferred from the passage that the author believesB.
A.Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries.
B.in many countries success often depends on one's social status.
C.American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries.
D.businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America.

分析 本文介绍了在美国社会商业机构比包括政府在内的其他任何类型的组织,有更多的威望.美国人认为以竞争为基础的商业比其他机构更加坚定.美国人可以通过商业竞争实现他们的个人价值.竞争不仅保护顾客的利益,也会保护商业机构.竞争的工商业与垄断的政府经常形成鲜明对照.在这样的社会体制下,美国人不依靠家庭背景决定社会地位.

解答 28-31  CDAB
28题答案是C.语义理解题.第一段的that business institutions have more prestige(威望)in American society than any other kind of organization,including the government.在美国社会商业机构比包括政府在内的其他任何类型的组织,有更多的威望.说明美国人很关注商业.故选C.
29题答案是D.细节理解题.第二段的Competition is not only good in itself,it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom,equality of opportunity,and hard work are protected竞争不仅本身是良好的,它还是保护手段,其他基本的美国价值观如个人自由、机会均等和努力工作是受它的保护.可知美国人可以通过商业竞争实现他们的个人价值.故选D.
30题答案是A.细节理解题.第四段的A contrast is often made between business,which is competitive,and government,which is a monopoly.竞争的工商业与垄断的政府经常形成鲜明对照.因为工商业是竞争的,政府是all-powerful全能的,垄断的,他们的区别在于权利的操控上.故选A.
31题答案是B.推理判断题.最后一段的Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background.竞争的成功被视为美国人基于家庭背景而产生的社会地位的替代.从中可知美国不依靠家庭背景决定社会地位,反过来,其他国家就要依靠了.故选B.

点评 本文是政治经济类阅读理解.做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.

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C.Famous astrologers can predict events correctly.
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C.functioning perfectly                
D.not functioning properly
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"Where do you belong?Certainly not here!"
I turned around to find a teacher staring(42)Aat us,shouting.In those frozen seconds millions of(43)Bflashed through my mind.My father would kill me for disobeying teachers.(44)Dthan that,my mother might be so mad that she might not stop him.My spirits(45)Beven lower when I thought of how angry Mr.Johnson would be.Soon the arresting teacher led Kim and me back to the(46)D,leaving us trembling before Mr.Johnson.
But to our(47)Athere was no yelling and no anger from Mr.Johnson.(48)Dhe bent slowly to look me in the eye.I was met with a look of(49)Crather than anger.He spoke softly and carefully as he explained why he was(50)Din my decision to go where I might have got(51)A.As I looked into the eyes of the man who could send me to unimagined consequences at home,tears(52)Cup in my eyes.The thought of disappointing Mr.Johnson(53)Bme while I felt a gentle touch of Mr.Johnson's hand on my shoulder.I glanced up and he smiled.My(54)Dfor Mr.Johnson grew greatly in the moment I discovered that he still liked me even after I'd disappointed him.I could see that he cared more about my(55)Athan the fact that I'd broken a rule.It was the first time I felt the power of forgiveness.
36.A.heardB.believedC.confirmedD.studied
37.A.fireB.rumorC.focusD.loss
38.A.unlessB.becauseC.thoughD.once
39.A.pretendedB.askedC.decidedD.hesitated
40.A.enteredB.foundC.examinedD.reached
41.A.hangingB.tryingC.happeningD.waiting
42.A.angrilyB.patientlyC.silentlyD.curiously
43.A.excusesB.thoughtsC.wordsD.feelings
44.A.EasierB.LessC.WorseD.Later
45.A.flewB.sankC.changedD.moved
46.A.schoolB.labC.officeD.classroom
47.A.surpriseB.delightC.regretD.sorrow
48.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.Instead
49.A.comfortB.guiltC.concernD.complaint
50.A.frightenedB.puzzledC.discouragedD.disappointed
51.A.hurtB.burntC.lostD.blamed
52.A.floodedB.rushedC.welledD.rounded
53.A.shockedB.shamedC.boredD.confused
54.A.careB.hopeC.desireD.love
55.A.safetyB.freedomC.dignityD.behaviour
12.With alarming regularity,we read about oil tankers having accidents near land and the terrible consequences of the oil spills (泄露) on people,nature,and the environment.
    Millions of dollars have been used in developing special chemicals to help dismiss the spills and to clean up the animals,beaches,and land spoiled by the oil.Unfortunately,when many of these chemicals are used,more damage is caused to the environment,especially to lives in the sea.
    Of all of today's environmental disasters,an oil spill may actually be one of the least serious.Although oil is poisonous,it is a natural material.In the end,it breaks down naturally.There are,of course,long-term effects,but it is usually more serious in the short term.
    Nature by itself works better than chemical materials,but when there is a spill we demand that governments act immediately with as much hi-tech knowledge as possible.In 1967 the tanker Torrey Canyon sank off the Scilly Isles near the coast of England and spilled 120,000 tones of oil into the ocean.If you go there today,you will find it hard to see any sign that it ever happened.
    Governments seem to accept the risk of transporting millions of tons of oil by ship every day so that we can fill up our cars and drive around and cause even more environmental damage.Interestingly,the biggest companies in the world produce cars,and the next biggest supply the gasoline to make them run I
    We should be thinking more about reducing our dependency on oil.Governments should be encouraging research into new technologies,such as cars run by solar power (太阳能),electricity,hydrogen,and so on.Much of this research has,in the past,been held back by the oil,gas,and coal.
    If the world's millions of cars were 10% more efficient (高效的)-and the industry could easily produce cars at least twice as efficient?we would need many fewer tankers crossing the oceans each year.If this happened,the risks of oil spills would be reduced,and the air we breathe would be cleaner and fresher,too.
63.What is the passage mainly talking about?A
A.Oil spills pollution.      
B.What oil pollution is.
C.Oil tanker accidents.
D.How to reduce oil pollution.
64.How does the author support the idea that oil spills are not as serious as people believe?C
A.By giving a description.       
B.By making an argument.
C.By giving an example.     
D.By drawing a diagram.
65.What does the underlined word"risk"in Paragraph 5 refer to?D
A.Transportation depending more on oil.
B.Poisonous oil breaking down naturally.
C.Millions of tons of oil spilling into the sea.
D.More environmental damage being caused.
66.Which suggestion,is made for reducing oil tank accidents according to the passage?B
A.We should build safer tankers in the near future.
B.We should develop new technologies to cut oil use.
C.Tankers should not be allowed to sail near the coastlines.
D.Countries should build more oil pipelines under the sea.

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