题目内容
4.Is Positive Thinking Powerful?The﹩11billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like"I never do anything right"into positive ones like"I can succeed".But was the positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right?Is there power in positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect:it can simply stress how unhappy they are.The study's authors,Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick,begin by using older research showing that when people get feedback (反馈) which they believe is overly positive,they actually feel worse,not better.If you tell your friend who is not very clever that he has the potential of an Einstein,you're just underlining his faults.In the 1990s,a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton conducted an experiment.The participants were asked to write essays opposing financial support for the disabled,expressing little sympathy for them.When these participants were later praised for their sympathy,they felt even worse about what they had written.
In this experiment,Wood,Lee and Perunovic measured 68students'self-respect.The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes.Every 15seconds,one group of students heard a bell.When it rang,they were supposed to tell themselves,"I am lovable."Those with low self-respect didn't feel better after the forced self-approval.In fact,their feelings turned significantly worse than those of members of the control group,who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.
The study provides support for newer forms for psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them.In the fighting,we not only often fail but can make things worse.Meditation (静思) techniques,on the contrary,can teach people to realize their shortcomings from a larger,more realistic perspective.Call it the power of negative thinking.
67.What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?B
A.There can be no simple solutions to psychological problems.
B.Encouraging positive thinking may do harm to people.
C.The power of positive thinking is limited.
D.Unhappy people cannot think positively.
68.The underlined part in Paragraph 2probably meansC.
A.you are pointing out the mistakes he has made
B.you are not taking his mistakes seriously enough
C.you are stressing the fact that he is not intelligent
D.you are not trying to make him feel better about his faults
69.What do we learn from the experiment of Wood,Lee and Perunovic?D
A.Self-approval can bring a positive change to one's feelings.
B.People with low self-respect seldom write down their true feelings.
C.It is important for people to continually improve their self-respect.
D.Forcing people to think positive thoughts may lower their self-respect.
70.It can be learned from the last paragraph thatC.
A.people can avoid making mistakes through meditation
B.different people tend to have different ways of thinking
C.meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy
D.the effects of positive thinking differ from person to person.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了鼓励一个人积极向上总是会有好的结果吗?文章通过一个研究说明这样做未必有我们预料的结果.
解答 67.B.细节题.根据第二段trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect:it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.说明我们让人们认为他们积极,实际上可能会有相反的结果,故B正确.
68.C.句意理解题.根据本句If you tell your friend who is slow to learn that he has the potential of an Einstein,you're just underlining his faults.你告诉他,他学习方面速度慢,但是有潜力,你等于是在加深他认为自己不行的观点,故C正确.
69.D.细节理解题.根据文章第三段"Those with low self-respect didn't feel better after the forced self-approval"可知强迫人们思考积极的想法可能会降低他们的自尊心;故选D.
70.C.根据文章最后两句Meditation (静思) techniques,in contrast,can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger,more realistic viewpoint.Call it the power of negative thinking.可知冥想可能是一种很好的心理治疗形式;故选C.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
A. | nothing | B. | anything | C. | something | D. | everything |
My friends argued that I shouldn't go,mainly because I was seven months pregnant then.I assured them that I'd be very(3)B.
I walked out of the(4)Dand started making my way to the car.At the traffic junction,a van stopped and the passenger got off with an umbrella.Before I knew what was happening,he walked right beside me and told me he'd escort(护送) me to my(5)A.I was very embarrassed and declined(辞谢),but he was very(6)C.
During our(7)C,he kept telling me to walk slower,as the ground was(8)B.When we got to the car park,I(9)Ahim and we parted ways.I did not get his(10)Dand may not even recognise him now.Did he (11)D stop for me?I'll never know.
So how did I pay it forward?I was at home when I(12)Btwo Indian construction workers walking in the heavy rain.They were probably on their way to the construction (13)Dnear my estate,which was a long walk in.I went out and passed them an umbrella.I told them they should take the umbrella and(14)Ait.They were very grateful and like me,probably wondered why a (15)Bwas offering such kindness.
1.A.hardly | B.slightly | C.heavily | D.slowly |
2.A.parked | B.locked | C.broken | D.repaired |
3.A.successful | B.careful | C.joyful | D.stressful |
4.A.storm | B.garage | C.office | D.hotel |
5.A.destination | B.home | C.office | D.company |
6.A.cautious | B.diligent | C.persistent | D.reluctant |
7.A.talk | B.trip | C.walk | D.work |
8.A.rough | B.wet | C.messy | D.dirty |
9.A.thanked | B.left | C.waved | D.greeted |
10.A.umbrella | B.appearance | C.address | D.name |
11.A.obviously | B.accidently | C.really | D.purposely |
12.A.watched | B.noticed | C.searched | D.heard |
13.A.equipment | B.stage | C.object | D.site |
14.A.keep | B.carry | C.have | D.return |
15.A.passer-by | B.stranger | C.man | D.woman |
-Sorry,________.My brother is coming to see me.( )
A. | I mustn't | B. | I can't | C. | I needn't | D. | I won't |
A. | or else | B. | worse still | C. | or rather | D. | above all |