题目内容

7.Life on Mars could become a reality and it could happen in your lifetime.
A welcoming planet
Scientists say Earth's neighbor Mars,a bright red planet about half Earth's size,is the most likely to support human life.Mars even has frozen water on its surface.
Since the late 1990s,NASA has been exploring Mars using remote-controlled vehicles(装置).Most recently Curiosity,a car-size vehicle,traveled through space on an unpiloted spacecraft(航天器) and landed on Mars in August 2012.Directed by NASA scientists,the vehicles move on the surface,taking pictures,collecting and analyzing soil,and looking for signs of life.
But what about human explorers?Plans are already in the works to send astronauts to Mars as soon as the mid-2030s.
_____________________________________
But before you start packing your bags,let's consider the challenges.For starters,Mars is far away.Just getting there could take up to 10months.
Scientists already know that time away from Earth's gravity harms the human body.Bones and muscles get weaker.The body produces less blood.What damage would months and months of living in space do?
And then there is the matter of water,oxygen,food and fuel.Scientists will have to find solutions to these problems,or the first humans on Mars won't survive very long in their new home.
Tiny Dangers
There's another tinier risk.It's so tiny that you can't even see it:germs.
Some scientists believe that our germs could pollute the whole planet of Mars.Potentially killing Martian life before we have the chance to discover it.Worse,there is a small but terrifying chance that any microscopic life already there might be harmful to us.
Worse still,if any of those Martian germs(火星细菌) were brought back to Earth,the result could be disastrous.Animals,plants,and people could be wiped out.
Worth the?Amorepracticalconcernisthecost.Thepricecouldapproach 1trillion(万亿).How can we justify spending that much when so many problems-poverty,disease-could use the cash here on Earth?

41.Which of the following is TRUE according to the"A welcoming planet"part?C
A.Mars is a little bigger than Earth.
B.There are flowing rivers on Mars.
C.People haven't been to Mars so far.
D.Scientists have discovered signs of life on Mars.
42.Which of the following can best fill in the blank in the passage?C
A.Living in space.      B.Limited resources.
C.Extreme conditions.   D.Interesting challenges.
43.By"Tiny dangers"the author meansD.
A.there is no serious danger
B.people won't be in any danger
C.it's difficult for people to realize the danger
D.the danger may be caused by very small things
44.Which may cause the biggest danger?B
A.Martian germs may be different from those on Earth.
B.Martian germs may be brought back to Earth.
C.People may carry germs to Mars.
D.There may be germs on Mars.
45.Which section of a newspaper is the passage most probably taken from?C
A.People        B.History        C.Science         D.Business.

分析 火星移民到底能不能实现?科学家目前对火星进行了许多研究,并认为目前移民是很困难、有风险的.火星的环境和地球差距很大,但是并不代表未来不可行.这吸引了人们的执着追寻.

解答 41.C.细节理解题.由"Plans arealreadyin the works to send astronauts to Mars as soon as the mid-2030s."可知让人们登上火星还要等到21世纪年30年代中期. 故选C.
42.C 推理判断题.这一部分主要讲了前往火星最主要的困难,因此是极端的条件.Livinginspace.生活在太空;Limitedresources.有限的资源;Extremeconditions.极端的条件;Interestingchallenges.有趣的条件.故选C.
43.D 推理判断题.由"There'sanothertinier risk.It's so tiny that you can't even see it:germs."可知,微生物对火星和地球都是潜在的威胁,但是它们太小以至于看不见.故选D.
44.B 细节理解题.根据"Worsestill,ifany of those Martian germs(火星细菌) were brought back toEarth,the result could be disastrous.Animals,plants,and people could bewiped out."可知,火星带回来的细菌很可能是致命的.故选B.
45.C 推理判断题.本文主要讲了火星移民的风险和困难,是一篇科普性质的文章,因此来源于"科学"报.故选C.

点评 本文是新闻报道类阅读,主要考查细节理解题和推理判断题.在做细节理解题时,首先根据题目要求迅速在文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语.认真比较选项和文中细节的区别,在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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18.Today,Mount Qomolangma's peak is not a lonely place any more.More than 3,500people have successfully climbed the 8,844m mountain,and more than a tenth of that number reached the peak just over the past year.As more and more people try to test themselves against Qomolangma,many a time the mount can be very crowded.Climbers have complained about waiting for hours in the bottlenecks(狭窄路段) on the way to the peak.If bad weather strikes,climbers can and do die.
But the dangerous crowds aren't the only problem on Qomolangma.All those climbers need to bring a lot of gear-much of them ends up being left on the mountain,sometimes even the peak itself.Mount Qomolangma is becoming the world's tallest rubbish dump.Here's mountaineer Mark Jenkins writing in National Geographic about the state of Qomolangma:"The two standard routes,the Northeast Ridge and the Southeast Ridge,are not only dangerously crowded but also badly polluted."
But the good news is that some mountaineers are taking it upon themselves to clean up Qomolangma.Mountaineer Paul Thelen and his friend Eberhard Schaaf are part of the annual Eco Everest Expedition,which has been cleaning up rubbish from base camps to the peak since 2008.So far they've collected over 13tons of garbage.
Some of that rubbish is even being used for a higher purpose.As part of the Mount Everest 8844Art Project,a group of 15artists from Nepal collected 1.5tons of garbage brought down the mountain by climbers.They've changed the cans and oxygen tanks-in one case,part of the remains of a helicopter-into 74pieces of art that have already gone on exhibition in Nepal's capital.Part of the profit from sales will go to the Everest Peakeers Association,which has helped collect tons of rubbish off the mountain.

8.What do we learn about the bottlenecks on the way to Mount Qomolangma's peak?B
A.They are relatively safe.
B.They are often crowded.
C.They are very easy to pass.
D.They are sites of base camps.
9.What does the underlined word"gear"mean?A
A.Useful equipment for climbing mountains.
B.The water from the mountain.
C.Some important machines used for the bottlenecks.
D.Some cans and oxygen tanks found on the mountain.
10.The group of 15Nepali artistsB.
A.created works of art using rubbish from Qomolangma
B.were employed by the Everest Peakeers Association
C.climbed Qomolangma and collected 1.5tons of trash
D.painted 74beautiful pictures of Mount Qomolangma's peak
11.What can be the best title for the text?B
A.Test Yourself Against Qomolangma              B.Qomolangma has Become a Huge Mess
C.Eco Everest Expedition Proves Successful      D.How to Climb Qomolangma.
15.As humans,we are also considered as animals sometimes!But unlike other animals,we have not had to fit the environment in which we live.Instead,we have been the shaper (改造者) of our environment and explorer of nature.While other animals must find a home,we have created our home wherever we are living.We have fitted ourselves in a variety of environments.
Our skill at doing this has been due to our imagination,creativity and enthusiasm.If we chose to live in the desert,we learned how to save water,build a home among the rocks and mountains and depend on animals rather than vegetables for our food.Sometimes it was necessary for us to follow the animals as they moved,in order not to lose our source of food.
Living in a place where there was plenty of rain and  mild temperatures,we learned that we could plant a greater variety of crops,raise a few animals in a smaller,more contained area and not have to move our home.We have been able to live wherever we choose because we have not accepted the limitations of a particular environment,or rather,we have made the environment fit our needs.

56.Humans can live where they want to because theyB.
A.have enough materials to build homes
B.can use what exists in nature to fit their needs
C.have plenty of food from plants and animals everywhere
D.can find a home easily
57.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?C
A.Animals had to fit their environment.
B.People who lived in the desert mainly ate meat.
C.Humans always had to follow the animals for food.
D.Environment was made to fit human needs.
58.The underlined part"mild temperatures"means it isD.
A.cold                                   B.hot
C.sometimes cold and sometimes hot       D.neither too cold nor too hot
59.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A
A.Humans and Nature.
B.Animals and Environments.
C.Protecting Nature.
D.Humans and Animals.
2.What would I do for Carol's 50th birthday?It was(36)B that she didn't want a party,certainly not a surprise party (that was an agreement at our marriage).
"How about a small dinner with(37)C?"I asked.
"No,"she said,"I hate being the center of(38)A."
Still,the milestone had to be marked.(39)D wasn't going to let her get away with a Stouffer's frozen dinner and a movie video,(40)C this was all she said she wanted.
I thought and thought,and(41)B making my decision,I sent a letter to her friends,asking them for photos,poems,and letters."Carol doesn't (42)A a party in person…but I'm hoping to(43)D her a party in a book."I bought a(n)(44)A with a friend's advice,and what I wanted(45)B.For a few minutes at the end of every workday,I(46)C pull out the marking pens and make up the(47)D,Carol's.
Photos of her in junior high,pictures of us (48)C the boys,original songs,notes,cards,and poems.It made me(49)A for all the years we had had together.The(50)B was more than the album.It was the friendship and love she had given to me and to our kids and to all her friends and family.You could (51)B it on every page.
I wrapped it up and(52)A it home."Happy birthday,sweetie,"I said."It's not a frozen dinner or a video,but it's (53)D you deserve."She cried.She doesn't(54)C like to cry,but I think she likes the book.She's said so many times.And every time I remind her(55)B putting it together was a gift to me.

36.A.amazingB.clearC.unusualD.important
37.A.neighboursB.childrenC.friendsD.classmates
38.A.attentionB.commentC.viewD.interest
39.A.SheB.ItC.HeD.I
40.A.forB.orC.andD.when
41.A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.once
42.A.wantB.haveC.holdD.attend
43.A.makeB.chooseC.findD.give
44.A.albumB.novelC.mirrorD.overcoat
45.A.went onB.poured inC.turned backD.got away
46.A.couldB.shouldC.wouldD.might
47.A.decisionB.storyC.mindD.book
48.A.forB.aroundC.withD.except
49.A.gratefulB.worriedC.nervousD.special
50.A.meaningB.giftC.partyD.world
51.A.countB.readC.expressD.improve
52.A.tookB.sentC.placedD.packed
53.A.howB.whyC.whichD.what
54.A.normallyB.merelyC.reallyD.obviously
55.A.whetherB.thatC.whenD.who
12.It's a Christmas tradition that's more than half a century old.And it happened completely by accident.
It started in 1955,when a local Sears store in Colorado Springs,Colorado printed an ad,which included a spedial phone mumber kids could call to know where Santa's sleigh was at any given moment.Unfortunately,someone made a mistake in printing the phone mumber and kids were calling the wrong line.
A Colonel(上校) named Henry Shoup began answering his phong at what would become NORAD,the North American Aerospace Defence Command.At first,he thought it was a simple error of one caller.
But as the phone ketp ringing and tiny voices kept asking about Santa,Shoup realized he couldn't disappoint them.So he told the staff to issue updates to any one asking about the location of Santa.
The wrong turned into a custom of the holiday and kept growing in popularity,and NORAD finally decided to make it permanent.
It's become a holiday favourite ever since,adapting to whatever new technology has come along since.In the early days,it was a phone line.Then in the 60s,NORAD put out a special series of"reports"that was played on hundreds of radio stations across North America,broadcasting the Jolly Old Elf's exact position on Christmas Eve.
Think of it as kind of an early GPS without the computer gear.
Finally,came the Internet and NORAD has now transferred its annual watch onto the Web,with a site devoted to keeping tabs on the most famous journey in the world-what you might call the real amazing race,an around-the-world mission that has to be finished within 24hours.
This year's entry allows kids to track Santa in 3Dusing Google Earth and play games at the North Pole using the Kids Countdown Section,and it even offers Santa Cams which are only operational on the night before Christmas.
36.Why did children keep calling Henry Shoup?D
A.Because they wanted to play a joke on him.
B.Because they wanted to amuse him.
C.Because he knew where Santa exactly was.
D.Because they wanted to know where Santa's sleigh was.
37.What did Colonel Henry Shoup do when more and more children kept calling?C
A.He became annoyed and decided to tell them the truth.
B.He became excited and jioned them in searching Santa.
C.He thought quickly and took it seriously to satisfy their needs.
D.He laughed at them and took no notice of their calls.
38.What does"Jolly Old Elf"in Paragraph 6 most probably refer to?A
A.Santa Claus.
B.Colonel Henry Shoup.
C.NOARD.
D.The staff in Henry Shoup's charge.
39.According to the passage,how did people learn about the Jolly Old Elf's exact position in the 1960s?B
A.By calling a special phone mumber.
B.By listening to a special series of reports over the radio.
C.With the help of a kind of early GPS.
D.By scanning the spedial column in the newspaper.
40.The passage mainly tells usB.
A.an old favorite holiday that develops along with new technology
B.50-year-old tracking Santa tradition that started by accident
C.a real amazing race,an around-the-world mission within 24 hours
D.a Colonel and the North American Aerospace Defence Command.
19.Every culture has it own ways to show friendship.On the island of Hawaii,friendship is part of the"aloha spirit".In the language of the Hawaiians who first settled the islands long ago,aloha had a very special meaning.That is"to be with happiness".
Hawaiians believe that once somebody loves the land,they are ready to love their people or community.This is the second most important thing of friendship.It is called lokahi in the Hawaiian language,which means"oneness with all people".To enjoy the land you should not be selfish.The land is for everyone who lives on.Today many different people call Hawaii their home.Indeed,Hawaii is a place where people make one big community from many smaller communities.Each person gives kokua(help) to other people so that all feel stronger.It is believed that the islands can be a paradise(天堂) when people live in peace.People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea.When problems happen,people are asked to solve them with understanding.So when people of Hawaii talk about ohana(family),they are really talking about all those who live on the island.
Living in peace,Hawaiians have developed a third sign of friendship.This personal friendship is shown by giving leis to one another.The lei,a string of flowers,is put over a friend's neck.Then the friend is given a kiss on the cheek.Visitors to the islands are also given leis.When they hear aloha,visitors began to feel at home.Aloha also means"goodbye",so visitors will hear it again when they leave.It can mean"our hearts singing together".Perhaps this is how most visitors will remember their new friendship.
51.Which of the following can be the proper title for this text?D
A.People in Hawaii                          
B.Visitors to Hawaii
C.Traveling in Hawaii                    
D.Friendship in Hawaii
52.How do you understand the underlined sentence in the first paragraph?B
A.Happiness matters most for Hawaiians.
B.Friendship is always together with happiness.
C.Friendship is every thing in Hawaiian culture.
D.Friendship has special meanings for Hawaiians.
53.Which of the following proverb can best express the idea of friendship by Hawaiians?B
A.Practice makes perfect
B.Love me,love my dog.
C.A penny saved is a penny gained
D.An apple a day keeps a doctor away.
54.Which of the following is a sign to show friendship by Hawaiians?C
A.A warm handshake
B.A kiss on the cheek
C.A string of flowers
D.A big hug.
55.According to the text,which of the following Hawaiian word expresses more good wishes?A
A.aloha              B. lokahi               C.kokua                D.ohana.
16.One warm May day,two eighteen-year-old students from San Francisco State College decided to cool off with a swim at Bakers'Beach.The two students were named Robert Kogler and Shirley O'Neill.They headed out to sea for a distance of 50 metres.Robert was in front.
"Suddenly,I heard him scream,"Shirley recalls."I looked round and saw this great grey thing going up in the air.The water seemed to be alive."
         Robert sereamed again."It's a shark!Get out of here!"
         An eye-witness,Army Sergeant Leo P.Day was on guard at the nearby army post.He saw exactly what happened next."I could see this boy struggling with the shark in the water,"he said."The sea was red with blood.He was shouting and signalling someone to go back,go back.Then I saw the girl.She was swimming towards him.She completely ignored his warning."
         Shirley reached Robert,and tried to take his hand.
"When I pulled,all I could see was his arm,handing by a thread,"she said.
         So she put her arm about Robert's back,and started to swim towards the shore.She kept praying"Don't'let it attack again!"That journey to the shore seemed to last for hours.At last,as they neared the shore,a fisherman threw them a line,and pulled them both the rest of the way.
         The young man had lost a lot of blood,and died two and a half hours later,From the teeth marks,experts identified the attacker as a Great White Shark.
         For what Sergeant Day called"the greatest exhibition of bravery I have ever seen,"the President of the US gave Shirley a medal for bravery.
56.When Albert was attacked by a shark ShirleyA.
A.was swimming in the sea
B.was watching him on the shore
C.was on guard at the nearby army post
D.was shouting and struggling with a shark,too
57.Choose the right time order of the following events in the story.D
a.Army Sergeant saw the girl swimming to the boy.
b.Shirley saw a great grey thing.
c.They headed out to sea.
d.Robert died.
e.A fisherman threw them a line.
f.He saw a boy struggling with a shark.
A.b,c,e,d,f,a               
B.c,a,f,d,e,b               
C.b,c,f,a,d,e               
D.c,b,f,a,e,d
58.We can learn from the passage thatA.
A.the two students were brave and considerate
B.the fisherman was adventurous and helpful
C.the experts didn't do much research on sharks
D.the Sergeant cared too much about his own life.

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