In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually was made up of saying poetry aloud and giving speeches.

In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss ques??tions in their field of study with people who had made a spe??cial study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates (应试者) for the doctor’s de??gree.

Generally, however, modem examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same questions, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modem industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, looks like a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.

One type of test is sometimes called an “objective” test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test, the teacher writes a series (一系列)of ques??tions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.

The main idea of Paragraph Three is that ________.

A. workers now take examinations             B. the population has grown

C. there are only written exams today     D. examinations are now written and timed

The kind of exams where students must select answers are

A. objective                                          B. personal  

C. spoken                                             D. written

Modem industry must have developed ________.

A. around the 19th century                B. before the Middle Ages

C. in Greece or Rome                   D. machines to take tests

It may be concluded that testing ________.

A. should test only opinions                B. should always be written

C. is given only in factories          D. has changed since the Middle Ages

After giving a talk at a high school, I was asked to pay a visit to a spe­cial student. An illness had kept the boy home, but he had expressed an interest in meeting me. I was told it would mean a great deal to him, so I agreed.
During the nine-mile drive to his home, I found out something about Matthew. He had muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩症). When he was born, the doctor told his parents that he would not live to five, and then they were told he would not make it to ten. Now he was thirteen. He wanted to meet me because I was a gold-medal power lifter, and I knew about overcoming obstacles and going for my dreams.
I spent over an hour talking to Matthew. Never once did he complain or ask, Why me?” He spoke about winning and succeeding and going for his dreams. Obviously, he knew what he was talking about. He didn’t mention that his classmates had made fun of him because he was different. He just talked about his hopes for the future, and how one day he wanted to lift weights with me. When we had finished talking, I went to my briefcase and pulled out the first gold medal I had won and put it around his neck. I told him he was more of a winner and knew more about success and overcoming obstacles than I ever would. He looked at it for a moment, then took it off and handed it back to me. He said, “You are a champion. You earned that medal. Someday when I get to the Olympics and win my own medal, I will show it to you.”
Last summer I received a letter from Matthew’s parents telling me that Matthew had passed away. They wanted me to have a letter he had written to me a few days before:
Dick,
My mum said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture you sent me. I also want to let you know that the doctors tell me that I dont have long to live any more, but I still smile as much as I can.
I told you someday that I would go to the Olympics and win a gold medal, but I know now I will never get to do that. However, I know Im a champion, and God knows that too. When I get to Heaven, God will give me my medal and when you get there, I will show it to you. Thank you for loving me.
Your friend,
Matthew
【小题1】 The boy looked forward to meeting the author because _________. 

A.he was also good at weight liftingB.he wanted to get to the Olympics and win a medal
C.he was one of the author’s students D.he admired the author very much
【小题2】 The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means that _______.
A.the boy never complained about how unlucky he was to have this disease
B.the boy never complained about not being able to go to school
C.the boy never complained why the author had never come to see him before
D.the boy never complained about not getting a medal
【小题3】 From the passage we learn that _________. 
A.Matthew was an athlete B.Matthew was an optimistic and determined boy
C.The author used to have the same disease as Matthew had D.Matthew became a champion before he died
【小题4】Matthew didn’t accept the author’s medal because _________.  
A.he thought it was too expensive B.he was sure that he could win one in the future
C.he thought it was of no use to him as he would die soon D.he would not be pitied by others
【小题5】What would be the best title for this passage? 
A.A sick boy.B.A special friend. C.A real champion.D.A famous athlete.

After giving a talk at a high school, I was asked to pay a visit to a spe­cial student. An illness had kept the boy home, but he had expressed an interest in meeting me. I was told it would mean a great deal to him, so I agreed.
During the nine-mile drive to his home, I found out something about Matthew. He had muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩症). When he was born, the doctor told his parents that he would not live to five, and then they were told he would not make it to ten. Now he was thirteen. He wanted to meet me because I was a gold-medal power lifter, and I knew about overcoming obstacles and going for my dreams.
I spent over an hour talking to Matthew. Never once did he complain or ask, “Why me?” He spoke about winning and succeeding and going for his dreams. Obviously, he knew what he was talking about. He didn’t mention that his classmates had made fun of him because he was different. He just talked about his hopes for the future, and how one day he wanted to lift weights with me. When we had finished talking, I went to my briefcase and pulled out the first gold medal I had won and put it around his neck. I told him he was more of a winner and knew more about success and overcoming obstacles than I ever would. He looked at it for a moment, then took it off and handed it back to me. He said, “You are a champion. You earned that medal. Someday when I get to the Olympics and win my own medal, I will show it to you.”
Last summer I received a letter from Matthew’s parents telling me that Matthew had passed away. They wanted me to have a letter he had written to me a few days before:
Dear Dick,
My mum said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture you sent me. I also want to let you know that the doctors tell me that I don’t have long to live any more, but I still smile as much as I can.
I told you someday that I would go to the Olympics and win a gold medal, but I know now I will never get to do that. However, I know I’m a champion, and God knows that too. When I get to Heaven, God will give me my medal and when you get there, I will show it to you. Thank you for loving me.
Your friend,
Matthew
【小题1】The boy looked forward to meeting the author because _________. 

A.he was one of the author’s fans
B.he wanted to get to the Olympics and win a medal
C.he was also good at weight lifting
D.he admired the author for his courage very much
【小题2】From the passage we learn that _________. 
A.Matthew was an athlete
B.Matthew was an optimistic and determined boy
C.The author used to have the same disease as Matthew had
D.Matthew became a champion before he died
【小题3】Matthew didn’t accept the author’s medal because _________.  
A.he thought it was too expensive
B.he was sure that he could win one in the future
C.he thought it was of no use to him as he would die soon
D.he would not be pitied by others
【小题4】What would be the best title for this passage? 
A.A sick boy.B.A special friend. C.A real champion.D.A famous athlete.

After giving a talk at a high school, I was asked to pay a visit to a spe­cial student. An illness had kept the boy home, but he had expressed an interest in meeting me. I was told it would mean a great deal to him, so I agreed.

During the nine-mile drive to his home, I found out something about Matthew. He had muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩症). When he was born, the doctor told his parents that he would not live to five, and then they were told he would not make it to ten. Now he was thirteen. He wanted to meet me because I was a gold-medal power lifter, and I knew about overcoming obstacles and going for my dreams.

I spent over an hour talking to Matthew. Never once did he complain or ask, “Why me?” He spoke about winning and succeeding and going for his dreams. Obviously, he knew what he was talking about. He didn’t mention that his classmates had made fun of him because he was different. He just talked about his hopes for the future, and how one day he wanted to lift weights with me. When we had finished talking, I went to my briefcase and pulled out the first gold medal I had won and put it around his neck. I told him he was more of a winner and knew more about success and overcoming obstacles than I ever would. He looked at it for a moment, then took it off and handed it back to me. He said, “You are a champion. You earned that medal. Someday when I get to the Olympics and win my own medal, I will show it to you.”

Last summer I received a letter from Matthew’s parents telling me that Matthew had passed away. They wanted me to have a letter he had written to me a few days before:

Dear Dick,

My mum said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture you sent me. I also want to let you know that the doctors tell me that I don’t have long to live any more, but I still smile as much as I can.

I told you someday that I would go to the Olympics and win a gold medal, but I know now I will never get to do that. However, I know I’m a champion, and God knows that too. When I get to Heaven, God will give me my medal and when you get there, I will show it to you. Thank you for loving me.

Your friend,

Matthew

1.The boy looked forward to meeting the author because _________. 

A.he was also good at weight lifting

B.he wanted to get to the Olympics and win a medal

C.he was one of the author’s fans

D.he admired the author very much

2.The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably means that _______.

A.the boy never complained about how unlucky he was to have this disease

B.the boy never complained about not being able to go to school

C.the boy never complained why the author had never come to see him before

D.the boy never complained about not getting a medal

3.From the passage we learn that _________. 

A.Matthew was an athlete

B.Matthew was an optimistic and determined boy

C.The author used to have the same disease as Matthew had

D.Matthew became a champion before he died

4.Matthew didn’t accept the author’s medal because _________.  

A.he thought it was too expensive

B.he was sure that he could win one in the future

C.he thought it was of no use to him as he would die soon

D.he would not be pitied by others

5.What would be the best title for this passage? 

A.A sick boy.

B.A special friend.

C.A real champion.

D.A famous athlete.

 

China has input several billion yuan of money to stop the dirty water waste on the upper and middle area of the Pearl River from polluting the lower reaches of the river, especially the Macao Spe­cial Administrative Region.

The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the upper and middle reaches of the Pearl River has been rapidly urbanized(城市化)and industrialized in recent years, leading to a rise in the amount of urban rubbish to the damage of the land, rivers and atmosphere.

Refuse dumps and special plants in most cities treat rubbish to make it harmless, with 5,800 tons of wastes being burnt, buried or made into fertilizers on a daily basis.

He Suping, a woman engineer with the water re­sources department in Guangxi said, it is imperative for the autonomous region to treat sewage wastes to protect the area’s Karst terrain(喀斯特地形)and rain water which brings contact between groundwater and surface water, making groundwater more easily polluted.

The Xijiang River, a branch of the Pearl River which runs from Guangxi to neighboring Guangdong Province, provides fresh water for a number of river­side cities such as Macao, Zhuhai, Zhongshan and Zhaoqing, so Guangxi must begin to treat rubbish quickly to protect the water sources, said Liu Chen, a senior engineer with the Ministry of Water Resources.

The government 2001—2006 plan to spend bil­lions of yuan to turn wastes harmless has been mainly provided by national debt payments and overseas in­vestment.So far wastes treatment projects have re­ceived a total of 400 million yuan(48 million US dol­lars)from national debts and 60 million yuan(7.22 million US dollars)from overseas loans(贷款).

1.The main idea of the passage is __     

         A.A large number of waterways have been polluted in China up to now.

         B.Guangxi and Guangdong have taken the lead in making water clean.

         C.China's rivers are badly in need of improve­ment.

         D.China is making efforts to reduce pollution of the rivers.

2.The main idea of the last paragraph is __

         A.The government has no ability to afford the expenses of treating wastes.

         B.The government has a long-term plan to treat wastes.

         C.National debt payments and overseas investment are taking an important part in developing China's economy.

         D.A great deal of money is needed in dealing with wastes.

3.The basic reason why the amount of urban rubbish rises in Guangxi lies in _____.

         A.the improvement of people’s living standard

         B.people’s wasting too much

         C.urbanization and industrialization

         D.too many tourists’ coming

4.The word “imperative” here probably means _______.

         A.unnecessary            B.important              C.easy           D.unbelievable

 

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