阅读理解

  Tourism probably started in Roman times.Rich Romans visited friends and family who were working in another part of the Roman empire.But when the empire broke down, this kind of tourism stopped.

 I n the early 17th century, the idea of the “Grand Tour” was born.Rich young English people sailed across the English Channel(英吉利海峡).They visited the most beautiful and important European cities of the time, including Paris in France, and Rome and Venice(威尼斯)in Italy.Their tours lasted for two to four years, and the tourists stayed a few weeks or months in each city.The “Grand Tour” was an important part of young people’s education-but only for the rich.

  In the 18th century, tourism began to change.For example, people in the UK started to visit some towns, such as Bath to “take the waters”.They believed that the water there was good for their health.So large and expensive hotels were built in these towns.

  In the 19th century, travel became much more popular and faster.When the first railways were built in the 1820s, it was easier for people to travel between towns, so they started to go for holidays by the sea.And some started to have holidays in the countryside as cities became larger, noisier and dirtier.

  Traveling by sea also became faster and safer when the first steamships were built.People began to travel more to far away countries.

  The 20th century saw cars become more and more popular among ordinary people.Planes were made larger, so ticket prices dropped and more people used them.

  Thus tourism grew.In 1949, Russian journalist Vladimir Raitz started a company called Horizon Holidays.The company organizes everything-plane tickets, hotel rooms, even food-and tourists pay for it all before they leave home.The package tour and modern tourist industry was born.

  The first travel agency in China was set up as early as 1949.But tourism did not take off until 1978.In 2002, the industry was worth 500 billion yuan and became an important part of China’s social development.

(1)

In the early times, the travelers ________.

[  ]

A.

all came from Roman

B.

were very young and strong

C.

had lots of money

D.

traveled by boat

(2)

________ played the most important role in the tourism development.

[  ]

A.

EducationB.Money

(3)

Modern tourism was born ________.

[  ]

A.

in 1949

B.

in Roman times

C.

in the early 17th century

D.

in the 19th century

(4)

The underlined phrase “take off” means ________.

[  ]

A.

a plane rising into the air

B.

develop very fast

C.

remove hats and clothes

D.

bring down the prices

Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is:Is economic globalization   50  for all?
According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce   51  in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth   52  to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes   53  at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.
Those who   54  globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses.   55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in   56  open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.
Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually   57  the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually   58  from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind.   59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to   60  their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of   61 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to   62  and will be crowded out.
One thing is certain about globalization—there is no   63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The   64  now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.                                                  (347 words)

【小题1】
A.possibleB.smoothC.goodD.easy
【小题2】
A.crimeB.povertyC.conflictD.population
【小题3】
A.contributingB.respondingC.turningD.owing
【小题4】
A.remainB.dropC.shiftD.increase
【小题5】
A.doubtB.defineC.advocateD.ignore
【小题6】
A.In additionB.For instanceC.In other wordsD.All in all
【小题7】
A.matureB.newC.localD.foreign
【小题8】
A.findingB.exploringC.bridgingD.widening
【小题9】
A.sufferedB.profitedC.learnedD.withdrawn
【小题10】
A.FurthermoreB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Otherwise
【小题11】
A.consumeB.deliverC.exportD.advertise
【小题12】
A.troubleB.businessC.powerD.mind
【小题13】
A.keep upB.come inC.go aroundD.help out
【小题14】
A.taking offB.getting alongC.holding outD.turning back
【小题15】
A.agreementB.predictionC.outcomeD.challenge

 
D
COPENHAGEN—The world is gathered in Copenhagen for the U.N. climate summit, but Denmark’s bicycle-friendly capital has also given its name to a movement of cities trying to find a kinder way to travel to and from work.
Nearly 40 percent of Copenhagen’s population cycle to work or school on ubiquitous(无处不在的) paved cycle paths. Many residents take to their bikes year-round, braving rain and snow through the winter in a city where the bicycles outnumber the people.
Amsterdam and Beijing too are known for their bicycles, but the Danish capital is where urban planners from around the world have been looking for ways to get their people out of cars and up onto bikes, an effort known as Copenhagenisation.
Klaus Bondam, Copenhagen’s technical and environmental chief, calls himself a “mega cyclist” and says the bike’s popularity stems partly from high taxes on cars which meant working-class Danes could not afford to drive in the 1930s and 1940s. “Today you’ll meet everybody on the bicycle lanes — women and men, rich and poor, old and young.” Bondam said.
The local government has during the last three years invested more than 250 million crowns ($49.42 million) in bicycle lanes and to make the traffic safer for bicyclists. Today around a third of the population drive cars to work or study, another third take public transport, while 37 percent cycle -- a figure the city aims to increase to 50 percent by 2015.
There are many benefits when citizens choose bicycles over cars: pollution and noise decline, public health improves, and more people on bikes or walking creates a sense of safety in the city. Fewer parked cars leaves more space for playgrounds, parks, shopping areas and other useful public places.
53. According to the first paragraph, Copenhagen is better known as ___________.
A. a city without cars                B. a bicycle-friendly city
C. Denmark’s capital                D. the U.N. climate summit
54. We can learn from the second and the third paragraph, __________.
A. there is no path for cars during rainy and snowy days
B. citizens are limited to have only one bike for each person
C. two-thirds of people in Copenhagen cycle to work or school
D. city planners try their best to encourage more citizens to ride bikes
55. Bikes are popular in Copenhagen partly because ___________.
A. the citizens are unable to afford to buy a car
B. the rich tend to keep fit by cycling to work
C. young people regard cycling a fashion to follow
D. high taxes were paid for cars in the 1930s and 1940s
56. We can learn from the passage that __________.
A. cars are forbidden to park in Copenhagen
B. more citizens tend to choose cars in Copenhagen
C. Copenhagen becomes a model for cities’ traffic
D. living standards in Copenhagen are greatly declining

Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is:Is economic globalization   50  for all?

According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce   51  in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth   52  to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes   53  at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.

Those who   54  globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses.   55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in   56  open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.

Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually   57  the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually   58  from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind.   59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to   60  their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of   61 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to   62  and will be crowded out.

One thing is certain about globalization—there is no   63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The   64  now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.                                                  (347 words)

1.                A.possible        B.smooth         C.good D.easy

 

2.                A.crime          B.poverty         C.conflict   D.population

 

3.                A.contributing     B.responding      C.turning   D.owing

 

4.                A.remain         B.drop           C.shift D.increase

 

5.                A.doubt          B.define          C.advocate  D.ignore

 

6.                A.In addition      B.For instance     C.In other words D.All in all

 

7.                A.mature         B.new           C.local D.foreign

 

8.                A.finding         B.exploring       C.bridging  D.widening

 

9.                A.suffered        B.profited        C.learned   D.withdrawn

 

10.               A.Furthermore    B.Therefore       C.However  D.Otherwise

 

11.               A.consume       B.deliver         C.export    D.advertise

 

12.               A.trouble         B.business        C.power D.mind

 

13.               A.keep up        B.come in        C.go around D.help out

 

14.               A.taking off       B.getting along     C.holding out D.turning back

 

15.               A.agreement      B.prediction      C.outcome  D.challenge

 

 

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