题目内容

2．All areas of the world face a nurses shortage．But the shortage is most severe in developing countries．Many of their nurses move to the more developed nations for better pay，better working conditions and better chances for career development．For example，nearly 2，000 nurses left the Caribbean between 2002 and 2006．
    The Caribbean nations currently have about 1 nurse for every 1，000 people．The ratio（比例） of nurses to population is about 10 times higher in the United States and countries in the European Union（EU）．Now，more than 21，000 nurses who trained in the Caribbean are working in the United States，Canada and Britain．
    Gaetan Lafortune is an official of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development（O．E．C．D） in Paris．He says the nurses shortage also affects industrialized countries．He says，"There is concern in most O．E．C．D．countries that the number of nurses is too small to meet the demand．And what is more worrying is that their concern is sort of growing．"Mr Lafortune says a large number of nurses are expected to retire within the next 10 years．At the same time，the health care needs of aging populations are expected to grow，intensifying the shortage of nurses．
    Gaetan Lafortune said，"In the U．S．，for instance，some researchers have found that there may be a shortage of close to a million nurses by 2020．"The United States is 1 of the 21 countries in the O．C．E．D．Gaetan Lafortune says in the recent years many of the countries increased their efforts to hire foreign nurses．As a result of that，O．E．C．D．countries were mainly exporting their shortage problem to countries that may have an even greater need for these nurses．
1．What will be the main causes of the global nurses shortage in the next 10 years？C
A．The demand for nurses will decrease．
B．Many nurses will be too old to work．
C．Many rich countries will hire more foreign nurses．
D．Nurses are often looked down upon．
E．Aging populations will increase rapidly
 A．a and b      B．b and c      C．b and e      D．c and d
2．The underlined word"intensify"in para.3 means"A"．
A．strengthen       B．neglect          C．reduce           D．cause
3．We know from this text that America and the EU countriesB．
A．refuse to offer equal pay to foreign nurses
B．have at least one nurse out of 100 people
C．don't like to train nurses of their own countries
D．have more serious nursing problems than the Caribbean nations
4．What does the text mainly tell us？D
A．Nursing is no longer a worthwhile profession in most countries．
B．The different attitudes towards nursing in different countries．
C．Nurses shortage will result in serious consequences．
D．The health care industry needs more nurses．

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了人口老龄化的卫生保健需求预计将增长，目前护士行业缺口大，医疗卫生行业需要更多的护士．

解答 1．C．细节理解题．根据第三段五、六两句"Mr．Lafortune says a large number of nurses are expected to retire within the next 10 years．At the same time，the health care needs of aging populations are expected to grow，intensifying the shortage of nurses．"Mr．Lafortune 说大量的护士预计将在10年内退休．与此同时，人口老龄化的卫生保健需求预计将增长，加剧护士的短缺．故选择C项．
2．A．推理判断题．strengthen加强，巩固；neglect疏忽，忽视；reduce减少，降低；cause引起，使遭受．"intensifying"在句中是"增强，加强"，A项更贴近，故选择A项．
3．B．细节理解题．根据第一段中叙述可知，护士到发达国家去有更高的薪水，更好的工作条件和更好的职业发展机会，因此A项不正确；根据第二段中叙述可知，在加勒比国家中每一千人有一名护士，而在美国和欧洲那些发达国家这个比例要高于加勒比国家10倍，也就是每一百人中有一个护士，因此B项正确；C项在文中没有提到；由文中大量护士离开加勒比国家到美国或欧洲国家去，可知加勒比国家的护理问题应比美国和欧洲国家更严重，因此D项不正确．故选择B项．
4．D．主旨大意题．通读全文可知目前护士行业缺口大，医疗卫生行业需要更多的护士．故选择D项．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

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12．There are many differences between America and China．The biggest difference is traffic rules．In America there are too much more cars than in China．But there are much fewer traffic jams and accidents in America than in China．We hardly see traffic police in the street，but all cars obey strictly traffic rules，and people hardly find that a car does not obey traffic rules in the street．
About American traffic rules，there are many better terms，such as：
1．Stop line：There are stop lines in all crossing without traffic light （some have two stop lines and others have four stop lines）．All cars must stop while meeting the stop line．
2．Traffic light：There is traffic light in the crossing of the road．Cars may almost turn every direction．The traffic light can give signal step by step including u-turn．There is a kind of middle lane of turning left．When a car wants to turn left in the road，he may enter into the middle lane of turning left and give a signal of turning left．When he thinks being safe，he may turn left．In many conditions the order of passing is also given very specifically．If people want to change lane or turn，they must look behind and think being safe．Only so，they may do it．
3．Specific item：Such as parking，there are three kinds of lines （their colors are white，blue or red） in the roadside．Every line may park different kinds of cars．There are many streets in some residential areas （住宅区），and there is a kind of rule that any car cannot park at any time or any period time．In every parking，there are some special positions for invalid （伤残的） people．
4．About the priority of passenger and car：At any case，passengers have the priority to cars．And only after passengers have passed the road and got the top of sidestep，cars may go ahead．
In general，traffic rules of America are very specific，convenient，safe and humanizing．

59．Which of the following is NOT the reason why we can hardly see traffic police in the street in America？C
A．Traffic police are not very necessary because few cars break traffic rules．
B．The traffic is very clear and there are few traffic jams and accidents in the street．
C．There are so many cars in the street that the traffic police can't be seen．
D．The effective traffic rules play an important part in the road safety．
60．Why is there a middle lane of turning left on the road？A
A．It is designed for the cars that want to turn left．
B．It is very safe to drive there．
C．It is very convenient for the traffic police to find the cars that break the rules．
D．The cars that want to turn left can easily give a signal of turning left．
61．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？D
A．In America，all cars in the crossing must stop when they meet the stop line．
B．In America，any car cannot park in the streets in some residential areas．
C．If people want to turn，they can obey the guide of the traffic police．
D．There are more traffic jams in China．
62．What's the best title for the passage？A
A．American Traffic Rules
B．Differences in Traffic Rules between China and America
C．Traffic Jams in America
D．American People Who Obey Traffic Rules．
13．Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse，according to the doctors．I feel there are a number of reasons for this．
Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy，fatty foods，such as fried chicken and ice cream，at low prices．This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves．If there were fewer of these restaurants，then probably children would buy less take-away food．
There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight．I agree with this，because good eating habits begin early in life，long before children start to visit fast food shops．If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food，or are always allowed to choose what they eat，they will go for sweet and salty foods every time，and this will carry on throughout their lives．
There is a third reason for this situation．Children these days take very little exercise．They do not walk to school．When they get home，they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computer games．Not only is this an unhealthy pastime，it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food．What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports．
The above are the main reasons for this problem，and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active，as well as steer them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits．

65．According to the text，what kind of children may eat more unhealthy food？B
A．Those who often take exercise．
B．Those who often watch television．
C．Those who often have meals at home．
D．Those who often walk to school．
66．The author thinks that children are becoming overweight becauseD
A．their parents often cook meals for them
B．they are too busy to go out and play
C．they can't choose what to eat
D．there are too many fast food shops around
67．The word"steer"underlined in the last sentence most probably meansB．
A．force         B．guide          C．expect          D．observe
68．The main purpose of the text is toC．
A．tell a story      B．provide facts
C．give advice       D．compare opinions．
10．be determined to； insist on； agree with； participate in；give up； make up； drop out； give away； consist of； appeal to
71．Iam determined togo and nothing will stop me．
72．He doesn't want togive upstamp collecting though it is an expensive hobby．
73．Hegave awayall his money to charities．
74．The class began with twenty students but severalhave dropped outwithin the last month．
75．If she felt he was right，she wouldagree withhim．
76．The teacher asked the students tomake upa poem about bees．
77．The United Kingdomconsists ofGreat Britain and North Ireland．
78．Everyone canparticipate inthis game．It's easy to learn．
79．Heinsisted onwalking me to the bus station to see me off．
80．The programme especiallyappeals toyoung children．
17．Television will turn 86 years old on September 7，2013，and it has never looked better．In its youth，television was a piece of furniture with a tiny，round screen showing unclear pictures of  lowbudget programs．In spite of its shortcomings，it became well-received．Between 1950 and 1963，the number of American families with a television jumped from 9% to 92% of the population．
As the audience got larger，the technology got better．Television sets became more reliable through the 1960s．Both of the reception and the picture improved．The major networks started broadcasting programs in color．
Even greater improvements were coming according to Sanford Brown，who wrote an article for the Post in 1967．Surprisingly，just about every prediction he made in the article became a reality．For example：All sets in the notdistant future will be color instruments．He also predicted that TV sets would become smaller，simpler，more reliable and less expensive and may forever put the TV repairman out of work．Smaller sets do not，of course，mean smaller screens．TV engineers expect screens to get much bigger．However，today's 3D TV is even farther away，if it's coming at all．There is some doubt whether the public would be eager to pay for it，in view of people's cold reception given to 3D movies．
But the technology with the greatest potential，according to Brown，was cable television （有线电视），which was still in its early stages then．As he predicted，the future of cable television was highly interactive．It wasn't cable television that gave Americans their electronic connection to the world，however．It was the Internet．He even foresaw the future office：using picture phones，bigscreen televisions for conferences，and computers providing information，at the touch of a button．
Brown ever said，"The future of television is no longer a question of what we can invent．It's a question of what we want．"
55．What can we infer about television sets in the 1960s？A
A．They were very popular with Americans
B．Their appearance remained unchangeable．
C．They showed blackandwhite pictures
D．Their pictures were of poor quality．
56．Which of the followings did Sanford Brown fail to predict？B
A．Television's good quality
B．The invention of 3D TV．
C．The more functions of TV
D．The potential of cable TV．
57．From the passage we knowD．
A．TV will certainly take the place of computers
B．There won't be further improvement on TV
C．TV repairmen will be out of work in the future
D.3D movies don't appeal to people very much
58．What is the text mainly about？C
A．The shortcomings of television
B．The advantages of television．
C．The development of television
D．The invention of television．
7．In American schools there is something called Homecoming Day．Many high schools and colleges with a football team have a homecoming game．This can be the most important event of the year，except for graduation．Students plan it for many weeks in advance．
Several days before Homecoming，students begin to decorate（装饰） the school．There are signs to wish luck to the team and many other signs to welcome back the graduates from other years．Many people still come to Homecoming twenty or thirty years after they graduate．
The members of school clubs sell delicious foods and fruits，such as apples and sandwiches．Some clubs even help to welcome visitors．
During the day people like to look for teachers that they remember from long ago．Often they see old friends and they talk together about those happy years in school．
Everyone soon comes to watch the football game．When the game is half over，the band（乐队）comes onto the field and plays school songs．Another important moment is when the Homecoming Queen appears．All the students vote（投票）a most popular student Homecoming Queen or King．It is a great honor to be chosen as the Homecoming Queen or King．
Homecoming is a happy day，but it is not perfect unless the football wins the game．Even if the team loses，the students still enjoy Homecoming．Some stay at the school to dance，and others go to a party．For everyone it is a day to remember for a long，long time．

41．Where do people spend Homecoming Day？C
A．At home．            B．At restaurant．    
C．At the school．      D．At a stadium．
42．What doesn't happen during Homecoming Day？D
A．Having a football game．      B．Welcoming back the graduates．
C．Choosing Homecoming Queen．   D．Listening to a concert．
43．Students start to plan HomecomingA
A．many weeks before the day            B．several days before it
C．on the early morning of the day      D．the day before the event
44．During the football game，students vote toC
A．choose the most popular footballer
B．choose a student as the captain of the football team
C．choose the Homecoming Queen or King
D．choose a student to judge the football game
45．We can infer from the text thatB
A．Homecoming is more important than graduation
B．students take lots of time to get ready for homecoming
C．many parents attend the homecoming party
D．students will graduate after the homecoming day．
14．The American tradition of Thanksgiving dates back to colonial times，to the Pilgrims（清教徒） of Plymouth rock Colony．To escape religious persecution（迫害） in England，the Pilgrims journeyed to the New World on their ship，the Mayflower．After a long journey，they finally arrived at Plymouth Rock in autumn of 1620．They could not finish building the settlement before winter，so many froze to death．They ate most of their food on the journey over，so many also starved．However，the Pilgrims met a Native American named Tisquantum，or Squanto as he was better known，who taught them how to plant corn and catch eel（鳗鱼）．By the same time next year，the Pilgrims had built a steady settlement，and had a bountiful harvest．To thank the Native Americans for their help and to celebrate the harvest，the Pilgrims held a grand banquet（盛宴）．Together，they feasted on corn，yams，fish，and most importantly：roast turkey，which became the highlight of the modern Thanksgiving feast．
Schools always make a big deal about Thanksgiving，because they feel that it teaches children how to be thankful and to treat others with kindness．I spent the many years of elementary school making paper turkeys，fake cornucopias（a shell filled with food，a symbol of the holiday），and writing lists of what I'm thankful for．When I grew older，I watched movies and read books about the First Thanksgiving，and completed crossword puzzles and word searches filled with holiday themed words．While the idea for Thanksgiving is great，and it is a wonderful opportunity to instill certain values in children，I don't think we should name a special holiday for being thankful．We should be thankful for what we have every day，not just Thanksgiving．
56．What's the main reason for the English Pilgrims to leave their home country？B
A．Political ideas．B．Religious beliefs．C．Hard life．D．Hopes for fortune．
57．What threatened the Pilgrims most when they first arrived the new world？A
A．Cold and starvation．B．Wild animals．C．Local people．D．Sickness．
58．Why did the Pilgrims hold a banquet one year after their arrival in the new world？C
A．To memorize their family members left in England．
B．To celebrate their survival from religious persecution．
C．To thank the Native Americans for their help．
D．To celebrate the new state they've set up．
59．For Thanksgiving，all the activities are normally done EXCEPTD．
A．enjoying a big meal                        B．making paper turkeys
C．doing crossword puzzles                    D．sing Christmas songs
60．The passage was written to show the writer's attitude of beingD．
A．knowledgeable      B．responsible          C．energetic            D．thankful．
11．Everyone knows about straight-A students．We see them frequently in TV situation comedies and in movies like Revenge（报复）of the Nerds．They get high grades，all right，but only by becoming dull laborers，their noses always stuck in a book．They are not good at social communication and look clumsy while doing sports．
How，then，do we account for Domenica Roman or Paul Melendres？
Roman is on the tennis team at Fairmont Senior High School．She also sings in the choral group，serves on the student council and is a member of the mathematics society．For two years she has maintained A's in every subject．Melendres，a freshman at the University of New Mexico，was student-body president at Valley High School in Albuquerque．He played soccer and basketball well，exhibited at the science fair，and meanwhile worked as a reporter on a local television station．Being a speech giver at the graduation ceremony，he achieved straight A's in his regular classes，plus bonus points for A's in two college-level courses．
How do super-achievers like Roman and Melendres do it？Brains aren't the only answer．"Top grades don't always go to the brightest students，"declares Herbert Walberg，a professor of education at the University of Illinois at Chicago，who has conducted major studies on super-achieving students．"Knowing how to make the most of your innate（天生的）abilities counts for more．Much more．"
In fact，Walberg says，students with high IQ sometimes don't do as well as classmates with lower IQ．For them，learning comes too easily and they never find out how to get down．
Hard work isn't the whole story，either．"It's not how long you sit there with the books open，"said one of the many-A students we interviewed．"It's what you do while you're sitting．"Indeed，some of these students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their lower-scoring classmates．
The kids at the top of the class get there by mastering a few basic techniques that others can readily learn．
73．What can we conclude from the first paragraph？B
A．Most TV programs and films are about straight-A students．
B．People have unfavorable impression on straight-A students．
C．Everyone knows about straight-A students from TV or films．
D．Straight-A students are well admired by people in the society．
74．Some students become super-achievers mainly becauseC．
A．they are born cleverer than others
B．they work longer hours at study
C．they make full use of their abilities
D．they know the shortcut to success
75．What will be talked about after the last paragraph？C
A．The interviews with more students．
B．The role IQ plays in learning well．
C．The techniques to be better learners．
D．The achievements top students make．
12．Anyone who is caughtcheating （cheat） at exams will be severely punished for his foolish behavior．

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