题目内容
18.Honesty is a virtue,and telling a lie is morally wrong.But how can you know if someone is (81)lying?The answer is,they're probably not.Traditional economics says that people are rational beings who will lie if it is (82)to their advantage.A recent university study has shown that,actually,we're pretty honest-especially (83)when we're at home.Researchers in Germany phoned people at home and asked them to toss a coin.There was a strong financial incentive (激励) to fake the result:if the coin landed tails-up,the participant would receive money or a gift voucher,while if the coin landed heads-up,they would get(84)nothing.Because they were on the phone,they knew there was no (85)risk of getting caught if they lied.And yet people revealed the truth despite that they(86)would receive (receive) nothing.Over hundreds of tosses a coin will land tails-up roughly 50% of the time.In this study over half the people (55.6%) asked said that the coin landed heads-up.Most of them didn't pursue the reward at the (87)cost/expense/price of honesty.
Previous studies had found that people were more dishonest.In those laboratory studies 75% of people,(88)including (include) some who faked the results,reported a winning coin and claimed a reward.So the research team guesses it's being in our own home (89)that makes us play fair.(90)However,what motivates people to do so remains unclear.
分析 短文主要讲述了一项研究:通过一个抛硬币回答正反面让参与者获奖的游戏测试人们的诚实度.
解答 81.lying,根据语境"诚实是一种美德,撒谎是道德上的错误,但是如果有人在撒谎,你怎么能得知呢?",因此空格处填入"撒谎"lie,由前面be动词is可知时态要用现在进行时be doing 的形式,lie的现在分词形式是lying.
82.to,此题考查介词搭配to one's advantage"有利于某人,对某人有利",故答案为to.
83.when,根据语境"最近一项大学研究表明,事实上我们很诚实,特别是当我们在家的时候",此处用when引导时间状语从句.
84.nothing,此空与前面进行一种对比,"如果硬币头向下,参与者就会获得钱或礼品券;如果是硬币头向上的话,那他们就什么也得不到",因此用不定代词nothing表示"什么也没有".
85.risk,根据语境"他们知道如果撒谎他们也不会被抓",因此此处表示"没有做某事的危险"用短语no risk of doing sth,risk作为名词表示"危险,冒险".
86.would receive,结合上下文"然而人们还是说出了事实,虽然那样做他们将什么都得不到",因此要用将来时,由于短文用的是一般过去时,故答案为过去将来时would
receive.
87.cost/expense/price,此处考查固定搭配at the cost/expense/price of sth."以…为代价",由前文可知在抛硬币活动中如果回答头向上的话,那参与者什么奖励都没有,但还是有超过一半的人如实回答.
88.including,根据所给词include"包含",及物动词,后接宾语,这里句子谓语动词是reported,因此空格后的短语作为状语,使用其介词形式including,后接宾语.
89.that,此题考查强调句,it is+被强调部分+that/who…,此处被强调部分是主语而不是人,故用that引导.
90.However,前后关系为转折,又有逗号隔开,因此用However,注意首字母大写.
点评 在做语法填空时,首先需要快速的浏览全文,把握文章的主旨大意;其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方,通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案;最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要;做此类题时,要分析句子结构,对句子的语法成分进行分析,多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配,在平时多积累一些固定搭配.
A. | his being not able | B. | him not to be able | ||
C. | his not being able | D. | him to be not able |