题目内容
16.Our love of music and appreciation of musical harmony (和声) is learnt and not based on natural ability,a new study by University of Melbourne researchers has found.The researchers said previous theories about how we appreciate music were based on the physical functions of sound,the ear itself and a born ability to hear harmony.The study shows that musical harmony can be learnt,and it is a matter of training the brain to hear the sounds.So if you thought that the music of some foreign culture (or Jazz) sounded like the crying of cats,it's simply because you haven't learnt to listen by their rules.
The researchers used 66volunteers with a range of (一系列的) musical training and tested their ability to hear combinations (组合) of notes (音符) to determine if they found the combinations familiar or pleasing.They found that people needed to be familiar with combinations of notes.If they couldn't recognize the notes,they found the notes dissonant.This finding put an end to centuries of theories claiming (声称) that physical functions of the ear determine what we find attractive.
The study found that trained musicians were much more sensitive (敏感的) to unpleasant notes than non-musicians.When they couldn't find the note,the musicians reported that the sounds were unpleasant,while non-musicians were much less sensitive.This shows the importance of training or nurturing (培养) the brain to like particular sound of combinations of notes,like those found in jazz or rock.
Depending on their training,a strange chord (和弦) sound was pleasant to some musicians,but very unpleasant to others.This showed us that even the ability to hear a musical note is learnt.
To confirm (证实) this finding,they trained 19non-musicians to find the notes of a random (随机的) selection of western chords.Not only did the participants'ability to hear notes improve rapidly; the chords they had learnt sounded more pleasant-regardless of (不论) how the chords were played.
The question of why some combinations of musical notes are heard as pleasant or unpleasant has long been debated."We have shown in this study that for music,beauty is in the brain of the beholder(观看者),"a researcher said.
27.According to the passage,why do people sometimes find foreign music quite unpleasant?C
A.Because they don't like the person playing the music.
B.Because they have no talent for music at all.
C.Because they have no idea about how to listen.
D.Because they hear music too often.
28.The underlined word"dissonant"in Paragraph 3probably meansB.
A.informal
B.unpleasant
C.inspiring
D.unfamiliar
29.Although non-musicians were less sensitive to music,they can stillC.
A.find the beauty of chords without training
B.enjoy the beauty of music when played by musicians
C.be trained to like particular music
D.make friends with real musicians
30.What is the best title for the passage?D
A.Improve Your Brain By Listening to Music
B.You Can Be a Musician Without Being Trained
C.Music Can't be Taught
D.Love of Music Is Not Natural But Nurture.
分析 本文是说明文,提到对音乐的喜爱是可以通过培养获得的.
解答 27-30 CBCD
27.答案C.细节理解题.根据第二段提到if you thought that the music of some foreign culture (or Jazz) sounded like the crying of cats,it's simply because you haven't learnt to listen by their rules.如果你认为外国的音乐像猫叫,那仅仅因为你听不懂他们的规则,所以选C项.
28.答案B.词义猜测题.根据前文"if they found the combinations familiar or pleasing.They found that people needed to be familiar with combinations of notes.If they couldn't recognize the notes,they found the notes dissonant."可知,如果对音符熟悉,他们会觉得愉悦.如果不熟悉,便会觉得不好听.推测dissonant意为"不和谐的,刺耳的".故选B.
29.答案C.细节理解题.根据第四段提到This shows the importance of training or nurturing(培养) the brain to like particular sound of combinations of notes,like those found in jazz or rock.表明训练与后天培养的重要性,所以选C项.
30.答案D.主旨大意.本文开篇提到对于音乐的喜爱不是天生的,是可以通过培养与训练获得的,通过举例,The study found that trained musicians were much more sensitive to unpleasant notes than non-musicians.比起没有训练过的人,训练过的音乐人对不动听的音乐更为敏感,所以D项对于音乐的喜爱不是天生的而是可以后天培养出来的.
点评 科普文阅读时要理清说明顺序.主要有空间、时间、逻辑顺序.逻辑顺序又包含从原因到结果、从主要到次要、从整体到局部、从概括到具体、从总说到分说、从现象到本质、从特点到用途等.在段落中尽量找到表示说明顺序的显著的语言标志.
A. | That's settled | B. | I'll follow you | C. | That's Ok | D. | Up to you |
Writer and editor Joseph Lewis suggests one reason why this is the case.Lewis believes that most of our school experiences-from childhood through university-are fairly (54)A,while life in the working world is far more uncertain.In school,(55)C,the pattern stays more or less the same from year to year.In the workplace,however,constant(56)A is the norm,and one has to adapt quickly.
Another problem that graduates entering the workforce encounter is that they are (57)B to think analytically.In school,many students including those in college,spend a lot of time memorizing facts and repeating what they"learned"on tests.But in the workplace employees"are often expected to think critically and make (58)C about their work,not just follow a supervisor's instructions."Less time needs to be spent in school on testing,says one recent report,and more on helping students to analyze and interpret information,solve problems,and communicate their ideas effectively-skills that will prepare them to succeed in today's workplace.
Finally,many recent graduates say that one of the biggest difficulties they face is adapting to (59)D on the job.In the workplace,employees must regularly (60)D with others and are often dependent on their co-workers for their success.In other words,if an employee has to work with others to complete a given project,that employee's (61)A not only depends on his hard work and expertise,but also on how well his colleagues perform.Knowing how to participate effectively in teamwork-and deal with problems when they arise-is extremely important,and yet,it is also something many students don't get quite(62)B to in a school setting.
How can we better prepare young adults for the workplace?Recent graduates,looking back on their educational experience,have some (63)B.Many think that all students should be required to do an internship (实习) while they are in school.Volunteering part time at a company,hospital,or government organization,for example,can help one gain experience and learn skills needed to succeed in the real world.(64)A this kind of practical work experience with classroom instruction,say the graduates,will help prepare students for the (65)D of the workplace and make the transition from school to career world less stressful.
51.A.with regard to | B.thanks to | C.in spite of | D.in view of |
52.A.action | B.shift | C.routine | D.variety |
53.A.turning to | B.reacting to | C.adjusting to | D.seeing to |
54.A.predictable | B.considerable | C.accessible | D.flexible |
55.A.however | B.in addition | C.for example | D.in return |
56.A.change | B.reminder | C.prediction | D.difficulty |
57.A.encouraged | B.unprepared | C.entitled | D.undetermined |
58.A.predictions | B.targets | C.decisions | D.inquiries |
59.A.independence | B.performance | C.competition | D.teamwork |
60.A.argue | B.bargain | C.identify | D.interact |
61.A.success | B.ambition | C.completion | D.purpose |
62.A.attached | B.exposed | C.related | D.addicted |
63.A.patience | B.advice | C.expectation | D.relief |
64.A.Pairing | B.Charging | C.Involving | D.Rewarding |
65.A.availability | B.possibilities | C.invasion | D.realities |
We can only show mercy to the (4)A man who had to stop his car soon after setting out from a country village to drive to London.Hearing a strange noise from the(5)B of the car,he naturally got out to examine the wheels carefully,but he found nothing wrong,so he (6)B his way.Again the noise began,(7)D and became even louder.Quickly turning his head,the man saw what appeared to be a great (8)A cloud following the car.When he stopped at a village further on,he was told that a queen bee must be hidden in his car as there were thousands of bees (9)C.
On learning this,the man drove away as quickly as possible.After an hour's (10)D driving,he arrived safely in London,where he parked his car outside a (11)A and went in.It was not long before a customer who had seen him arrive(12)C in to inform him that his car was (13)B with bees.The poor driver was (14)A that the best way should be to call a (15)A.In a short time the man arrived.He found the unwelcome passenger hidden near the wheels at the back of the car.Very thankful to the driver for this unexpected gift,the bee-keeper took the queen and her thousands of followers home in a large box.
1. A.connection | B.difference | C.communication | D.similarity |
2. A.passengers | B.insects | C.former | D.first |
3. A.give | B.keep | C.pay | D.draw |
4. A.unfortunate | B.careless | C.unpleasant | D.hopeless |
5. A.front | B.back | C.left | D.right |
6. A.drove | B.continued | C.pushed | D.forced |
7. A.normally | B.gently | C.quietly | D.immediately |
8. A.black | B.beautiful | C.white | D.colorful |
9. A.below | B.ahead | C.nearby | D.behind |
10.A.boring | B.careful | C.exciting | D.hard |
11.A.hotel | B.museum | C.hospital | D.school |
12.A.broke | B.moved | C.hurried | D.dropped |
13.A.crowded | B.covered | C.filled | D.equipped |
14.A.advised | B.required | C.ordered | D.requested |
15.A.bee-keeper | B.policeman | C.waiter | D.repairman |