A popular saying goes. Sticks and stones may break my bones.but words will never hurt me． However.that's not really true．Words have the power to build us up or tear us down．It doesn't matter if the 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

1．A popular saying goes，"Sticks and stones may break my bones，but words will never hurt me．"However，that's not really true．Words have the power to build us up or tear us down．It doesn't matter if the words come from someone else or ourselves-the positive and negative effects are just as lasting．
We all talk to ourselves sometimes．We're usually too embarrassed to admit it，though．In fact，we really shouldn't be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit．
This"self-talk"helps us motivate ourselves，remember things，solve problems，and calm ourselves down．Be aware，though，that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative．So in order to stay positive，we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves．We should also be quick to give ourselves a pat on the back．The next time you finish a project，do well in a test，or finally clean your room，join me in saying"Good job!"
Often，words come out of our mouths without us thinking about the effect they will have．But we should be aware that our words cause certain responses in others．For example，when returning an item to a store，we might use warm，friendly language during the exchange．And the clerk will probably respond in a similar manner．Or harsh and critical language will most likely cause the clerk to be defensive．
Words possess power because of their lasting effect．Many of us regret something we once said．And we remember unkind words said to us!Before speaking，we should always go through a"ask-yourself"test：Is it true？Is it loving？Is it needed？If what we want to say doesn't pass this test，then it's better left unsaid．
Words possess power：both positive and negative．Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively．We can offer hope，build self-esteem and motivate others to do their best．Negative words destroy all those things．Will we use our words to hurt or to heal？The choice is ours．
（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10WORDS．）

81．As to the power of words，the author believes they can eitherbuild us/people up or tear us/people down/be positive or negative/hurt or heal/encourage or discourage us/people．
82．People should only speak words of encouragement to themselves tostay positive．
83．What does the underlined part"give ourselves a pat on the back"mean？encourage/praise ourselves
84．What should we do if the"ask-yourself test"is not passed？We'd better leave the words unsaid．．

分析文章介绍说话对我们有持久的影响．自言自语对我们是有好处的，要怎样自言自语，还有我们说话前要三思．

解答 81．build us/people up or tear us/people down/be positive or negative/hurt or heal/encourage or discourage us/people 信息概括题．根据第一段的内容"Words have the power to build us up or tear us down"可看出语言可以使我们高兴也可以使我们沮丧．
82．stay positive 细节题．第二段提到We all talk to ourselves sometimes．我们有时会自言自语，所以为了保持乐观，我们要经常对自己说一些鼓励的话．
83．encourage/praise ourselves 在翻译这句话时，要联系前句So in order to stay positive，we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves，即为了保持乐观，我们要对自己说一些鼓励的话．
84．We'd better leave the words unsaid．细节题，在这段的最后一句then it's better left unsaid告诉我们，当测试失败时，我们做好保持沉默，不要将这些话说出来．

点评对于议论文的理解要认真分析原文，搞明白文章的论点、论据以及具体的论证要点，结合题干仔细从原文中寻找具体的细节，并进行适当的精简文字，或者作出一定的概括，这就对学生的能力提出了更高的要求．

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12．Many students have to live with roommates while going to school or university．Having a roommate can be one of the best experiences，or easily one ofthe worst．（36）E
Follow these five tips to avoid the common mistakes that make good roommate relationships worse．
Talk things out．  （37）B  If something happens，sit down with your roommates and have a face-to-face conversation．Complaining about your roommates behind their backs creates nothing but awkward situations and general unhappiness．
（38）A  Some roommates become the best of friends，and some don't．Don't put pressure on yourself or your roommate to reach this level，especially when you first meet．Remember，you are trying to make a new friend，not scare your roommate away．And if your roommate doesn't end up being your best friend，there is no need to worry about it．
Clean up after yourself．Or at least，keep your mess on your side．  （39）C  But being considerate with where you put your own stuff will help you avoid the arguments．
Ask before you take．This applies to food，clothes，supplies and anything else that you don't own．（40）G Even if you both agree to share everything you should still ask．

A．Don't expect to be best friends．
B．Communication is of vital importance．
C．You don't need to keep the room clean and organized all the time．
D．Rooms can be really easy for a mess to pile up．
E．If you want to have a good relationship with your roommate，it all starts with you．
F．Not all roommates can become your best friends．
G．Show your roommate that you have respect for his or her belongings．

9．As you get older，it feels like time tends to move faster．As Dan Ariely explains over at The Wall Street Journal，we tend to fall into familiar routines （25）as/when we age and that makes time move quickly．
We perceive time as something like a stack of memories，so the less new experiences you have，the （26）less likely（likely） you are to fill in those memories with interesting things．
Time does go by （or，more accurately，it feels as if time is going by） more quickly，the older we get．
In the first few years of our lives，anything we sense or do is brand new，and many of our experiences are unique，so they remain firmly in our memories．But as （27）the years go by，we encounter fewer and fewer new experiences-both because we （28）have accomplished（accomplish） a lot and because we are slaves to our daily routines．
For example，try to remember （29）what happened to you every day last week，chances are that nothing extraordinary happened，so you will be hard-pressed to recall the specific things you did on Monday，Tuesday，etc．
What can we do about this？Maybe we need some new app that will encourage us to try out new experiences，point out things we've never done，recommend dishes we've never tasted and suggest places we've never been．Such an app （30）could/canmake our lives more varied，encourage us to try new things，slow down the passage of time and increase our happiness．
（31）until/if such an app arrives，try to do at least one new thing every week．It's not too difficult to push （32）yourself/yourselves/ourselves to do new things．

16．

A．poisoned B．destruction C．survived D．increased E．especially
F．chemicals G．concern H．decline I．occasionally J．sensitive

More recent research has shown that many kinds of amphibians（两栖动物） are declining or have become extinct．Amphibians are animals，such as frogs，that live partly in water and partly on land．And they have been around for over 350million years．They have （41）survived three mass extinctions，including the extinction of the dinosaurs．Why are they dying out now？
The most serious aspect of amphibian loss，however，goes beyond the amphibians themselves．Scientists are beginning to think about what amphibian （42）decline means for the planet as a whole．If the earth is becoming unlivable for amphibians，is it also becoming unlivable for other kinds of animals and human beings as well？
Scientists now believe that amphibian decline is due to several environmental factors．One of these factors is the （43）destruction of habitat，the natural area where an animal lives．Amphibians are very （44）sensitive to changes in their habitat．If they cannot find the right conditions，they will not lay their eggs．These days，as wild areas are covered with houses，roads，farms，or factories，many kinds of amphibians are no longer laying eggs．
There are a number of other factors in amphibian decline．Pollution is one of them．In many industrial areas，air pollution has （45）poisoned the rain，which then falls on ponds and kills the frogs that live there．In farming areas，the heavy use of （46）chemicals on crops has also killed off amphibians．Another factor is that air pollution has led to （47）increased levels of ultraviolet （UV） light．This endangers amphibians，which seem to be （48）especially sensitive to UV light．
All these reasons for the disappearance of amphibians are also good reasons for more general （49）concern．These factors affect human beings，too．

6．This was no ordinary class．The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University．They had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment："an interesting week of poetry"．This class was part of a study to answer the questions：Why is science difficult for many non-science students？
The students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes．They had reading tasks and had to write three short papers．All students noticed one thing-the importance of spoken words．In science and engineering classes，the instructors put tables and drawings on the blackboard．But in this poetry class，the instructors just talked．They didn't write anything on the board．
The scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry．In both subjects，students need to find layers of meaning．Some layers are simple，clear，and on the surface； other layers are deeper and more difficult．This search for different levels of meaning doesn't happen much in undergraduate science classes，but it is important later，in graduate school．And it is always important in humanities（人文科学）．
Both the poetry instructors and their students learned something about teaching from this experience．One poetry instructor，for example，now sees the importance of using informational charts as he teaches．Most of the scientists agreed on several points．First，humanities classes might help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important．Second，the poetry class was fun．One engineer decided，"We need to change the way we teach engineering to make it an enjoyable experience for students．"But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this：All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better．
（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS．）

81．Why was this class very unusual？The students were （science or engineering） professors from a university．
82．The experiment was designed to help teachers find outwhy many non-science/humanities students find science hard to learn．
83．The poetry class was different from science and engineering classes in thatthe instructors just talked and they didn't write anything on the board．
84．What influence did the experiment had on those professors？All of the professors began to reflect on their way of teaching．．

13．[1]A new study by the scientists at Pennsylvania State University，finds that children who take a nap（小睡） when they are 4 and 5 years old，are less likely to be hyperactive （活动过度的） or experience depression （抑郁）．
[2]The results of the study showed that kids between the ages of 4 and 5 years，who discontinued to take daytime naps，showed higher levels of hyperactivity，anxiety and depression，compared to their fellow kids who _________ at this point of their lives．In their research，the researchers were happy to show the importance of taking naps for perfect daytime functioning in young kids．
[3]It all depends on every individual case when children are ready not to take naps any more，said an author of die study，Dr．Brian Crosby，doctor of psychology at Pennsylvania State University．Dr．Crosby suggested that parents include a quiet"rest"time in the daily schedule of their children to allow kids to nap if needed．
[4]For the study purposes，the experts gathered data from 62 children between the ages of 4 and 5 years．All the kids were classified as either ones who took naps-7 percent，or the ones who did not take naps-23 percent，based on actigraphy（体动记录仪） data．Actigraphy data for each child who took part in the study，was collected continuously for 7 days to 14 days．Parents and caregivers were asked to provide information on their child's typical weekday and weekend bedtime and rise time，as well as their napping patterns，and also had to complete a behavioral assessment of the child．
[5]Dr．Crosby hopes that the new findings will encourage other researchers to study the ways in which napping influences daytime performances in children．
76．What's the result of the new study？（no more than 20 words）Children taking naps are less likely to be hyperactive or experience depression．
77．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with words to complete the sentence．（no more than 5 words）take a nap
78．Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one？
To the delight of the researchers，they found in the study napping was important for children's wonderful daytime performances．In their research，the researchers were happy to show the importance of taking naps for perfect daytime functioning in young kids．
79．What suggestion can parents get from Dr．Crosby according to Paragraph 3？（no more than 15 words）schedule of their children to allow kids to nap if needed
80．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese．Dr．Crosby 希望这个新的发现将能够鼓励其他研究人员研究午睡是如何影响孩子白天的表现．．

10．首先请阅读以下植物的介绍：

A．	Tiarella-A solid plant reaching 40-80cms that requires very rich，wet soil with a lot of shade to grow healthily．Has attractive white to pink flowers throughout the year．
B．	Lantana-A fast-growing plant that develops best in full sun with dry but rich soil．Grows about 60-90cms tall．Bright，colourful globe-shaped flowers that appear in winter．
C．	Russian Sage-It has grey leaves and purple flowers which come out in mid-summer．Grows 1-1.5metres tall and prefers full sun and dry soil．Can cope well in poor soil．
D．	Soapwort-A plant that grows 10-25cms tall．Prefers a full sun site．It can handle poor sooil but will not survive well when conditions are wet over the winter months．Flowers in spring．
E．	Wishbone Flower-Suitable for both indoors and outdoors．It grows up to 15cms tall and has flowers that range in colour from pink to purple．Prefers a dry，cool，shady site as summer heat will cause it to decline．
F．	Japanese Painted Fern-Attractive non-flowering plant that grows well in either rich or poor soil．Prefers shade and soil that will not dry out-as this will cause its leaves to die quickly．Grows 2-4metres tall so needs a large area to maintain its health．

请阅读以下购买者的信息，然后匹配购买者与所需要的植物．
46．Bill has a garden with many trees providing lots of shade for his family．The soil is wet but poor so Bill has found it difficult to get plants to grow there．F
47．Spyros has a small，sunny back garden．The soil is very dry and is also of very poor quality．He wants a plant that will brighten his garden in spring．D
48．Tran has just moved into a new flat which has a small balcony and wants to grow some flowers to add colour．But the balcony gets little sunshine or direct rain and is quite cool．E
49． Mario has a small back garden with little sunlight．It still gets plenty of rain and the soil is very rich．He would like a plant that will be able to provide him with colour throughout the year．A
50Ravi has a back garden which is open，giving it lots of sunshine but unfortunately the soil is of poor quality．He wants some plants that will provide colour during the dry summer time．C．

11．Nancy promised to attend the meeting this morning．However，she didn't __________．（　　）

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