题目内容

Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels. They also carry out research work aimed at extending man's knowledge of these subjects. The emphasis given to each of these functions   __21_____from university to university, according to the views of the people in ___22___ and according to the resources available. The smaller and newer universities do not ____23_____ the staff or equipment to carry out the vast research projects possible in larger institutions. But most experts agree that some research activity is _____24______ to keep the staff and their students in ____25_____ with the latest developments in their subjects.

Most students attend a university mainly to ____26_______ the knowledge needed for their chosen profession. Educationists believe that this aim should not be the only one. Universities have always aimed to produce men and women with judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge. For this reason, they ____27____ students to meet others with differing _____28_____ and to read widely to increase their understanding in many fields of study. Upon a secondary school course, a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own _____29_______. He should be prepared to ____30______ every effort to study his chosen field in depth. He should have an ambition to make some truthful contribution to man's knowledge.

21.A) turns       B) ranges            C) moves            D) varies

22.A) order       B) place             C) control           D) favor

23.A) occupy     B) possess           C) involve           D) spare

24.A) natural     B)casual             C) possible         D) essential

25.A) effect       B) mind            C) touch             D) grasp

26.A) acquire     B) accept            C) endure           D) ensure

27.A) arrange     B) suggest           C) encourage         D) anticipate

28.A) histories    B) interests           C) expressions       D) curiosities

29.A) object      B) effect             C) course           D) sake

30.A) take        B) make             C) suffer           D) pay

21―25  DCBDC  26—30 ACBDB


解析:

21.D）［精解］根据上下文，意思是各个大学对于科研的重视程度在学校和学校之间是不同的。此处vary 译为“不同”，可以构成vary from…to …意为“因…而异”。

22. C）［精解］介词搭配题。在本句中，根据and这一并列连词可以看出，其后的内容为根据学校现有资源的不同而决定了科研的不同，那么and前的并列部分，也是在讲学校自身的原因，因此可以得出people一词后面的介词短语作定语，故而想到in control（主管，控制），此处 people in control 意为“学校的主管人员”也就是管理者们。

23. B) [精解] 动词用法辨析题。根据句意，一些小规模学校或是新建学校不拥有可以开展大型研究的工作人员和设备。possess意为“拥有，具备”。

24．D）[精解] 形容词辨义题。be essential to 为固定搭配，意为“对…至关重要，必不可少”。 根据句意，专家们认为，为了使学生和教师能够及时了解学科发展的最新信息，搞科研是很有必要的。

25. C）[精解] 固定搭配题。根据句意，搞科研的目的是让教师和学生能够及时了解前沿信息，信息词keep，in，with和touch构成固定搭配keep in touch with，意为与…保持联系。

26．A）[精解] 动词辨义题。根据上下文，学生上大学的目的主要是为了获取知识，acquire“获得（技能，知识等）”与knowledge 搭配符合句意。

27．C）[精解] 动词辨义题。根据上文，学校的教育目标是多元的，因此学校鼓励学生去广泛结交兴趣多样的人才。encourage 意为“鼓励，鼓舞”，其固定用法为encourage sb. to do sth.。

28．B）[精解] 名词辨义题。根据上文的提示，此处指与兴趣广泛的人结交，interest“兴趣，爱好”符合题意。

29．D）[精解] 固定搭配题。for one’s own sake也可以说成for the sake of sb.，意为“为了…的好处，出于对…的兴趣”。

30．B）[精解] 固定搭配题。make sacrifice to do 意为“为…作出牺牲”，此处指学生为了自己的兴趣爱好作出牺牲。

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Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard.

In the early years, these schools were much alike. Only young men went to college. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated, most of them became ministers or teachers.

In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training in Harvard's law school. In 1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began teaching American history.

As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.

Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up of smaller schools that deal with（涉及）special fields of learning. There's so much to learn that one kind of school can't offer it all.

1.The oldest university in the US is _________.

A．Yale

B．Harvard

C．Princeton

D．Columbia

2.From the second paragraph, we can see that in the early years,______.

A．those colleges and universities were the same

B．people, young or old, might study in the colleges

C．students studied only some languages and science

D．when the students finished their school, they became lawyers or teachers

3.Modern languages the Harvard taught in 1825 were ________.

A．Latin and Greek

B．Latin, Green, French and German

C．American history and German

D．French and German

4.As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach_______.

A．everything that was known

B．law and something about medicine

C．many new subjects

D．the subjects that interested students

5.On the whole, the passage is about___________.

A．how to start a university

B．the world-famous colleges in America

C．how colleges have changed

D．what kind of lesson each college teaches

 

B

A new college guide in the United States compares educational requirements in seven subjects. These include math, science, writing and United States history or government. The other subjects are economics, foreign language and literature.

The free online guide is from the American Council of Trustees and Alumni. The council is a nonprofit group that supports liberal arts education.

Its president, Anne Neal, says these areas of knowledge are needed to succeed in a twenty-first century society and an increasingly connected world. Yet she told VOA’s Faiza Elmasry it was surprising how many students can graduate with, in her words, a “thin education.”

Forty-two of the one hundred colleges and universities surveyed received the lowest marks. This meant they required two or fewer of the seven subjects. Five schools received a top grade for requiring six subjects. These were Brooklyn College in New York City, Texas A&M, the University of Texas-Austin, West Point and the University of Arkansas.

Robert Costrell is a professor of education reform and economics at the University of Arkansas. He says many, if not all, of the top American colleges once had a core curriculum —a set of courses required for all students.

But over the years, many have dropped these requirements. Or they have watered them down, Professor Costrell says, into what became known as distribution requirements. This system lets a student choose from a number of different courses to satisfy a requirement.

ROBERT COSTRELL: “And in many cases these courses went too far, I would say, towards the fluffy treatment of serious material, and students could satisfy their requirement by taking such courses.”

Professor Costrell says schools should not only re-examine what they teach. They should also measure what students have learned — for example, through some form of examinations or papers.

A new report this week from the College Board showed that college prices continue to rise. But Anne Neal from the American Council of Trustees and Alumni says higher prices. do not guarantee a better general education. In fact, the group found that the higher the tuition, the more likely that students have to develop their own general education.

The college guide is on the Web at whatwilltheylearn.com. Anne Neal says her group is surveying more colleges. The hope, she says, is to discover what college graduates have really learned, and how ready they are to compete in the global marketplace.

61. Where does the passage probably come from?

A. A scientific fiction.                      B. A research newspaper.  

C. A fashion magazine.                     D. An entertainment newspaper.

62. The American Council of Trustees and Alumni does all the following EXCEPT _________.

A. support liberal arts education

B. concern itself with education in America

C. devote time to helping improve college education

D. make money by helping with college education

63. The words “watered them down” underlined in Paragraph 6 most likely mean “_______.”

A. reduced required courses                 B. improved required courses

C. increased required courses                D. developed required courses

64. In this passage, the new college guide mainly tells its readers that American colleges  should _____.

A. meet the requirements of the new century        B. reduce the number of required courses

C. have different standards on required courses      D. cut down on their tuitions

 

Some of the United States’ biggest banks have closed their doors to students at community colleges, for-profit universities and other less competitive schools, even as they continue to extend government-backed loans to students at eh nation’s top universities.

Citibank has been among the most active in rebuilding the list of colleges it serves. JPMorgan Chase, PNC and SunTrust say have not dropped whole loan plans, but are cutting colleges. Some less-selective four-year colleges, like Eastern Oregon University and William Jessup University, say they have been dropped by some lenders.

The practice suggests  that if the credit crisis and poor conditions in the student loan business continue, some of the nation’s neediest students will be hurt most. The difficulty of borrowing money may keep them from attending school or force them to take a semester（学期） off.  For those who have got student loans, they will end up with less attractive terms and may run a greater risk of dropping out if they have to change lenders in the middle of their college year.

Tuition and loan amounts can be quite small at community colleges. But these institutions, which are a stepping stone to other educational programs or to better jobs, often draw students from the lower ranks of the economic classes. According to the most recent data, about a third of US graduates took out loans, a majority of them guaranteed by the government.

“If put too many obstacles in their way to get a loan, they ’ll take a third job or use a credit card,” said Jacqueline K. Bradley, assistant director for financial aid at Mendocino College. “That almost guarantees that they won’t be as successful in their college career.”

Some loan companies have stopped the students loan business entirely, viewing it as unprofitable in the current environment. Students attending first-class, expensive, public and private four-year universities can expect to remain plentiful. The banks generally say these loans are bigger, more profitable, and less risky, perhaps in part because the banks expect graduates from these universities to earn more.

So far, financial aid administrators say they have been able to find some lenders that students can switch to, but this is costly to students--- in money and time.

59. Who will be the most upset at the news?

A. A poor students at a top university.          B. A poor students at a community university.

C. A bank clerk dealing with student loan business.

D. A teacher from a for-profitable university.

60. With too many obstacles in their way to get a loan, students will probably __________.

A. switch to top universities                       B. cancel their credit cards

C. fail in their exams                                 D. win a scholarship

61. When they say something is “government-backed”, you mean it is ___________.

A. guaranteed by the government                B. dropped by the government

C. against government                               D. for government

62. What is the best title for the passage?

A. The students loan business in America.    B. Banks and universities in America.

C. Student loans start to drop colleges.        D. Credit crisis starts to affect loans.

      

Great scientists don't ________ graduate from well-known universities. Some didn't even attend school a year in total.

A．usually

B．necessarily

C．extremely

D．formally

 

 

       Active participation in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade on the student’ s oral participation. Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role (I.e., listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussions, students questions, and informal lectures.

       A professor’s teaching style is another factor that determines the degree and type of student participation. Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without controlling it. Many professors encourage students to question and challenge their ideas. Students who make statements that contradict the professor’s point of view should be prepared to prove their positions.

       Ideally, the teacher-student relationship at universities is characterized by trust. The “honor system” demands that the student be honest in all areas of school work. Thus, cheating on tests, presenting others’ ideas as original, and turning in homework done by someone else are all forbidden.

       Violation of the honor system can result in a student’s failing a course, having a record of the violation placed in the student’s school files, or even being driven out from the university. Students who cheat may lose the respect of other students, particularly those who study for exams and work independently. When leaving the classroom while students are taking an exam, an instructor may or may not say, “I expect you all to obey the honor system.” Even if the words are not stated, the student is expected to work alone and not to share answers.

1.    In many courses, teachers__________.

       A. allow the students to participate

       B. require the students to participate

       C. both A and B

       D. neither A nor B

2.    If a student does not agree with the professor in a lecture, the student is encouraged to    __________.

       A. remain silent

       B. challenge the professor

       C. leave the class

       D. tell the professor immediately that he is wrong

3.    If a professor believes in the “honor system,” it implies his _________.

       A. suspicion of the students

       B. distrust of the students

       C. trust in the students

       D. pride in the students

4.    Violations of the honor system do not include __________.

       A. cheating

       B. failing a course

       C. sharing answers

       D. handing in homework done by another student

 

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