Question

18．The health dangers of smoking have been well reported．For years，doctors have warned that smoking can cause lung cancer．Studies also have linked smoking to several other kinds of cancer，heart attacks，and a number of other medical problems．The repeated health warnings have had an effect．Thousands of people have stopped smoking．But as many people have learned，stopping smoking can be very difficult．
A major problem apparently is the nicotine，a poisonous substance found in tobacco．Small amounts of nicotine are released as tobacco is burned．And over many years of smoking，a person's body becomes dependent on the substance．An attempt to stop smoking brings the problems of nicotine withdrawal（脱瘾过程）．
American medical researchers have found that nicotine withdrawal causes people to become angry very easily，aggressive，worried and unable to think sharply．Many people who have tried to stop smoking would confirm those findings．
To help people give up smoking，some tobacco companies have proposed chewing tobacco，or using snuff as safe substitutes（替代物）．Snuff is a tobacco powder that usually is breathed in．But many people put it between their gum and cheek．
A group of British scientists said recently that many lives could be saved by a major program to get cigarette smokers to change to snuff．An American scientist，Allan Blum，disagreed．Dr．Blum argued that snuff，put in the mouth，can cause gum disease，teeth problems and throat problems that lead to cancer．Dr．Blum also warned against chewing tobacco as a substitute for smoking．He said chewing tobacco can lead to cancer of the mouth，throat or digestive system．
Medical researchers say another possible substitute for smoking is a special nicotine chewing gum．The gum is already sold in Europe and Canada．A report says research shows that the chewing gum will increase the amount of nicotine in a person's blood．This helps satisfy some people's desire for a cigarette．However，the report says，the chewing gum also leads to some unpleasant side effects．And it may be dangerous for people with heart problems．
Two other American scientists say they have found that the most effective way to stop smoking is to do it completely，suddenly，all at once．The report by Saul Shirtman and Dr．Murray Jogbett says that by stopping all at once，the worst problems of nicotine withdrawal are over in just a few days．But，they say，by continuing to smoke，even a little less each day，the problems of withdrawal never end completely．

Bad effects of smoking	Many kinds of disease and a number of other medical （61）problems are connected with smoking．
Difficulty in stopping smoking	The （62）reason for this is that smokers are （63） dependent on nicotine，a poisonous substance in tobacco，and people （64）trying/attempting to stop smoking have emotional problems and are unable to think sharply．
（65） Ways/Measures to stop smoking	Looking for substitutes for smoking	Snuff	Causing gum disease，teeth problems and throat problems （66）leadingto cancer．
		Chewing tobacco	Causing cancer of the mouth，throat or digestive system
		Nicotine chewing gum	◆Helping satisfy some people's desire for a cigarette by （67）increasing/raisingthe amount of nicotine in one's blood． ◆Having some side effects and being dangerous for people who （68）sufferfrom heart problems．
	Giving up smoking  （69） completely，suddenly，all at once	In a few days，the worst problems of nicotine withdrawal no longer （70） exist/appear．

Answer 1

分析 本文主要讲述了吸烟的危害，吸烟会导致各种癌症的发生

解答 61．problems  62．reason  63．dependent  64．trying/attempting  65．Ways/Measures
66．leading  67．increasing/raising  68．suffer  69．completely  70．exist/appear
61．problems 原词重现：从第一段的a number of other medical problems．许多其他的医疗问题，可知填problems．
62．reason  根据句意和后面的介词for可知填reason，the reason for"…的原因"．
63．dependent 原词重现：从第二段的a person's body becomes dependent on the substance．一个人的身体变得依赖这种物质，可知填dependent
64．trying/attempting 词形转换题：第二段的句子A try to stop smoking brings the problems of nicotine withdrawal（脱瘾过程）．这里的try 是名词，题目中需要动词的现在分词做定语．填trying
65．Ways/Measures归纳题：表格右栏是一些解决办法，根据搭配Ways/Measures to do，填Ways/Measures．
66．leading 同义词转化题：从第五段的句子：can cause gum disease，teeth problems and throat problems that lead to cancer．会导致口腔牙齿及喉咙问题，这些问题会导致癌症，可知填leading，等同于that lead
67．increasing/raising 词性转化题：文章倒数第二段的句中A report says research shows that the chewing gum will increase the amount of nicotine in a person's blood．出现increase，而题目中by后面需要动名词，所以填increasing/raising．
 68．suffer近义词转化题：文章倒数第二段：And it may be dangerous for people with heart problems．有心脏问题的人也可以是：people who suffer from heart problems．
69．completely 原词重现：从最后一段：Two other American scientists say they have found that the most effective way to stop smoking is to do it completely，suddenly，all at once．看出填completely
70．exist/appear词义转化题：最后一段说：he worst problems of nicotine withdrawal are over in just a few days．问题几天之内就结束，也就是不再存在．填exist/appear．

点评 1．浏览文章，掌握大意：做任务型阅读题不宜先看图表，而应先通读全文，掌握文章大意，了解文章中心思想，确认文章是围绕什么议题而展开论述的；
2．解读表格，理清思路：任务型阅读文后所列图表往往是由文章主标题，下面是分标题；
3．细读文章，概括信息学生在理解了图表后，必须认真，细致地阅读文章，归纳出文章信息；
4．再阅图表，试填答案：在解读图表，认真阅读了短文，概括信息的基础上，再回到图表，将文章和图表有机地结合起来，细节题通常在原文中可直接找到答案；
5．复读原文和图表，确认答案试填答案后，将图表结合原文至少再通读一遍．