Question

   1.   Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.

The ridge （隆起） structure on a person's fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one, which bears a reproduction of the original pattern.    2.    Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.

Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer's ink. They can be recorded easily.   3.   Because of the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain.   4.   . When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect with the naked eye.    5.   Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained.

A. Special techniques are used to "develop" them.

B. A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges of all part of the finger.

C. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed.

D. With special methods, identification can be achieved successfully within a short time.

E. A latent（潜在的） print is the chance that reproduction of the friction（摩擦） ridges deposited（存放） on the surface of an item.

F. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.

G. Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.G

2.C

3.D

4.F

5.A

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述了指纹的唯一性和它在刑事案件侦破中的重要作用。

1.推断题。第一段第二句句意为科学家们和专家们都证明了指纹的独特性, 并且还发现父母没有遗传给小孩相同相似的纹路排列，然而没人知道这是为什么，可知前一句应提到了指纹的唯一性，只有G句每一个人在其手指上都有着独一无二的纹路排列，而且这种排列是不会改变的，提到了这一特性，故选G。

2.细节题。第二段第二句说“烫伤，割伤和其它的表皮损害都会被新皮肤给取代，而且还会长出原有的纹路来”，第四句说“一些罪犯利用这点而去销毁他们的指纹，但是走这一步是危险和罕见的”，可知如消除指纹特征，表层皮肤（the outer part of the skin）受损不会改变特征，那么只有深层皮肤（ the inner skin）受损可改变了，故选C。

3.推断题。第三段第四句句意为由于这种系统的简单和经济，指纹鉴定已经经常被用作解决刑事案件一种方法，可知指纹的唯一性可指证身份，D项“使用特殊的方法，身份确认可以在很短时间内成功的达成”，故选D。

4.推断题。第三段第五句意为“嫌疑犯可以否认对他的指控但是这也许是在徒劳”，

可知由于指纹唯一性，即使年龄、面貌或其他特征改变，指纹也不会变，F项“即使他的外表或许因为年龄或者事故而改变，但是他的指纹能证明他是谁”，故选F。

5.推断题。第三段第七句意为“当一个嫌疑犯在犯罪现场留下指纹印的时候，是很难用肉眼察觉的”，A项“特殊的技术被用于使之现形”，故选A。

考点：信息匹配。