题目内容
Bringing up children is hard work, and you are often to blame for any bad behavior of your children．If so, Judith Rich Hams has good news for you．Parents, she argues, have no important long-term effects on the development of the personality of their children．Far more important are their playground friends and neighborhood companions．Ms Harris takes to bits the assumption which has dominated（支配）developmental psychology for almost half a century．
Ms Harris’s attack on the development talists “nurture” argument looks likely to reinforce（加强）doubts that the profession was already having．If parents matter, why is it that two adopted children, reared in the same home, are no more similar in personality than two adopted children reared in separate homes? Or that a pair of identical twins, reared in the same home, are no more alike than a pair of identical twins reared in different homes?
Difficult as it is to track the precise effects of parental upbringing, it may be harder to measure the exact influence of the peer（同龄人）group in childhood and adolescence．Ms Harris points to how children from immigrant homes soon learn not to speak at school in the way their parents speak．But acquiring a language is surely a skill, rather than a characteristic of the sort developmental psychologists hunt for．Certainly it is different from growing up tensely or relaxedly, or from learning to be honest or hard-working or generous．Easy though it may be to prove that parents have little impact on those qualities, it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly more．
Moreover, mum and dad surely cannot be ditched completely．Young adults may, as Ms Harris argues, be keen to appear like their contemporaries．But even in those early years, parents have the power to open doors: they may initially choose the peers with whom their young associate, and pick that influential neighborhood．Moreover, most people suspect that they come to resemble their parents more in middle age, and people’s child-rearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did．So the balance of influences is probably complicated, as most parents already suspected without being able to demonstrate it scientifically．Even if it turns out that the genes they pass on and the friends their children play with matter as much as affection, discipline and good example, parents are not completely off the hook．
1．According to Ms．Harris, ．
A．parents are to blame for any bad behavior of their children
B．children’s personality is shaped by their friends and neighbors
C．nature rather than upbringing has a significant effect on children’s personality development
D．parents will greatly affect the children’s life in the long run
2．The word “ditched”（Line1, Para．4）could best be replaced by ．
A．proved B．emphasized
C．compared D．ignored
3．The developmental psychologists think ．
A．children are more influenced by their peers
B．identical twins raised in the same home are different in personality
C．twins raised in two separate families are different in personality
D．upbringing has a less significant effect on children’s personality development
4．According to Paragraph 3, we know that ．
A．it is easier for children to gain a language at home
B．it is harder to follow the effects of parental upbringing
C．immigrant children avoid speaking the same way as their parents at school
D．it is proved that peers have a greater effect on children’s qualities
5．What does the author mean by saying “parents are not completely off the book” at the end of the passage?
A．Parents should control the situation．
B．Parents should give their way to children．
C．Parents should spend more time on children．
D．Parents should take on their responsibility．
BDCCD
名校练考卷期末冲刺卷系列答案My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling 1, but I always knew he was 2 . He never criticized us, but used 3 to bring out our best. He’d say,” If you pout water on flowers, they flourish. If you don’t give them water, they die.” I 4 as a child I said something 5 about somebody, and my father said, “ 6 time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you.” He explained that if I looked for the best 7 people, I would get the best 8 . From then on I’ve always tried to 9 the principle in my life and later in running my company.
Dad’s also always been very 10 . At 15, I started a magazine. It was 11 a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a 12: stay in school or leave to work on my magazine.
I decided to leave, and Dad tried to sway me from my decision, 13 any good father would. When he realized I Had made up my mind, he said, “Richard, when I was 23, my dad 14 me to go into law. And I’ve 15 regretted it. I wanted to be a biologist, 16 I didn’t pursue my 17 . You know what you want. Go fulfill(实现) it.”
As 18 turned out, my little publication went on to become Student, a national 19 for young people in the U.K. My wife and I have two children, and I’ d like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad 20 me.
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阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At the 1924 Olympic Games in Paris, the sports of canoe (划船) racing was added to the list of international competition. The 31 team in the four-man canoe race was the United States team. One member of that team was a young man named Bill Havens.
As the time for the Olympics 32 , it became clear that Bill’s wife would give birth to their first child at about the 33 that the U.S. team would be competing in the Pairs games. In 1924 there were no planes form Paris to the United States, only 34 ships. Bill found himself in a dilemma (左右为难的困境).
Bill’s wife insisted that he go to Paris. 35 , competing in the Olympics was a lifelong dream. But Bill felt 36 and, after much soul-searching, decided to remain home, where he could 37 his wife when the child arrived. He considered being at her 38 his highest priority (优先考虑的事), even higher than going to Paris to fulfill his 39 .
The team won the gold medal in Paris. And Bill’s wife was 40 in giving birth to their child. 41 , Bill could have competed in the event and returned home 42 to be with he when she gave birth.
People said, “What a shame!” But Bill said he had no 43 . For the rest of his life, he 44 he had made the better decision.
Bill Havens knew what was most important to him. Not everybody 45 that out. Not everybody has the strength to say no to something he or she truly 46 in order to say yes to something that truly 47 . Peace begins to 48 our lives when we learn to say yes to the things that really matter.
Twenty eight years later, Bill 49 a telegram. It was from Finland, where the 1952 Olympics were being held. The telegram read, “Dad, I won. I’m bringing home the gold medal you 50 while waiting for me to be born.”
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