题目内容
17.If there was ever a study not to lose sleep over,it's this one.People deprived(剥夺) of a good night's rest are more likely to experience changes in brain activity that can increase the urge to eat high-calorie foods.Matthew Walker at the University of California in Berkeley and his colleagues conducted the first study of brain activity in relation to food among sleep-deprived people.The team studied brain patterns in 23people,first after a night of peaceful sleep and then after a night without sleep.
Sleep deprivation reduced activity in three areas of the brain that help,among other things,to process flavour signals.It also led to more activity in the brain,which helps govern the desire to eat.The team also found that volunteers considered pictures of high-calorie foods as more desirable after no sleep than after a good rest.
It may make evolutionary(进化的) sense,says Laurent Brondel at the University of Burgundy in Dijon,France.The long summer days at higher latitudes(纬度) deprive animals of sleep,but they use their time awake to eat more,which helps them get through the short days of winter when there is not enough food.
That's only part of the story,though,says Stephanie Greer,another member of the team.The body does need more energy if someone remains awake for longer-but the high-calorie foods that become more desirable after sleep deprivation would more than meet this additional need.The changes in food desirability encouraged by the sleep-deprived brain may originally have been an important adaptation but today they no longer benefit our health.
Brondel agrees with this conclusion."Sleep deprivation could change eating behaviour,"he says.Whatever the cause,there's one clear message from the study."These findings provide opportunities to adjust our environment and behaviour in new ways to handle such health problems,"Greer says."Specifically,our study shows that one choice people can make is to regularly obtain enough amounts of sleep."
28.Why did Matthew Walker conduct the study about sleep-deprived people?D
A.To learn more about sleep patterns.
B.To warn of the danger of high-calorie foods.
C.To know the importance of getting enough rest.
D.To find relations between brain activity and food.
29.Which of the following is the correct cause-and-effect diagram?A
A.sleep→brain activity→appetite(胃口)
B.sleep→appetite→brain activity
C.brain activity→sleep→appetite
D.appetite→brain activity→sleep
30.Sleep deprivation of animals at higher latitudesC.
A.makes them evolve
B.does harm to their health
C.helps them survive winters
D.keeps them awake in winters
31.What does the author mean by saying"That's only part of the story"in Paragraph 5?B
A.The high-calorie foods are more desirable.
B.Sleep deprivation also has its bad effects.
C.Our body is in need of more energy.
D.The changes do animals harm.
分析 通过研究表明,睡眠不足对人和动物有影响,影响有好的方面和不好的方面.
解答 28.D,细节理解题,根据句子Matthew Walker at the University of California in Berkeley and his colleagues conducted the first study of brain activity in relation to food among sleep-deprived people.可知,Matthew Walker进行这个研究是要找出脑活动和食物之间的关系,故答案为D.
29.A,细节理解题,根据句子Sleep deprivation reduced activity in three areas of the brain that help,among other things,to process flavour signals.It also led to more activity in the brain,which helps govern the desire to eat可知,睡眠会影响大脑活动,从而对胃口造成一定的影响,故答案为A.
30.C,细节理解题,根据句子The long summer days at higher latitudes(纬度) deprive animals of sleep,but they use their time awake to eat more,which helps them get through the short day of winter when there is not enough food.可以,高纬度的动物睡眠不足,导致他们吃很多东西,这样使它们度过冬天,故答案为C.
31.B,推理判断题,根据这一段最后一句 but today they no longer benefit our health可知,这句转折的句子意味着"睡眠不足也会有副作用",故答案为B.
点评 解答任务型阅读理解题,首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意.因为阅读理解题一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能多地捕获信息材料.其次,细读题材,各个击破.掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息.最后,要善于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性.对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析,仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准.
A. | narrowly | B. | nearly | C. | hardly | D. | closely |