The United States government wants to know what the public thinks about its findings on the safety of cloned animals.

The Food and Drug Administration says meat and milk from clones of adult cattle, pigs and goats are safe to eat. An F.D.A. official called them "as safe to eat as the food we eat every day." And when those clones reproduce sexually(有性繁殖), the agency says, their offspring(后代) are safe to eat as well. But research on cloned sheep is limited. So the F.D.A. proposes that sheep clones not be used for human food.

The United States this year could become the first country to approve the sale of foods from cloned animals. First, however, the public will have ninety days to comment on three proposed documents. On December 28th the F.D.A. released a long report, called a draft risk assessment, along with two policy documents.

The agency says it must receive comments by April second. The F.D.A. seemed ready to act several years ago, but an advisory committee called for more research.

For now, the government will continue to ask producers to honor a request that they not sell foods from cloned animals.

Clones are still rare. They cost a lot and are difficult to produce.

The F.D.A. says most food from cloning is expected to come not from clones themselves, but from their sexually reproduced offspring. It says clones are expected to be used mostly as breeding animals to spread good qualities.

Public opinion studies show most Americans do not like the idea of food from cloned animals. But this research also shows the public knows little about cloning.

Cloning differs from genetic engineering. A cell taken from a so-called donor animals is grown into an embryo(胚胎)in the laboratory. Next, the embryo is placed into the uterus(子宫)of a female animal. If the process is successful, the pregnancy reaches full term and a genetic copy of the donor animal is born.

From the passage we know that               .

A. foods from cloned animals are popular in America

B. cloned adult animals are safe to eat except sheep.

C. cloned animals will be easy to produce

D. most foods from cloning is expected to take place of other foods

The main purpose of the text is to               .

A. tell a interesting story     B. give some advice on foods

C. give a report            D. compare different opinions

Who believe that foods from cloning are safe to eat?

A. Most Americans     B. An advisory committee

C. Critics             D. The F.D.A.

It can be inferred from the last paragraph that         .

A. cloning has much in common with genetic

B. not every cell taken from a donor animal can grow into a genetic copy

C. the donor animal should be a female one

D. cloned animals grow faster than normal ones

When she was twelve, Maria made her first important decision about the course of her life. She decided that she wanted to continue her education. Most girls from middle-class families chose to stay home after primary school, though some attended private Catholic "'finishing" schools. There they learned a little about music, art, needlework, and how to make polite conversation. This was not the sort of education that interested Maria or her mother. By this time, she had begun to take her studies more seriously. She read constantly and brought her books everywhere. One time she even brought her math book to the theater and tried to study in the dark.

  Maria knew that she wanted to go on learning in a serious way. That meant attending the public high school, something that very few girls did. In Italy at the time, there were two types of high schools: the "classical" schools and the "technical" schools. In the classical schools, the students followed a very traditional program of studies, with courses in Latin and Greek language and literature, and Italian literature and history. The few girls who continued studying after primary school usually chose these schools.

  Maria, however, wanted to attend a technical school. The technical schools were more modern than the classical schools and they offered courses in modern languages, mathematics, science, and accounting. Most people including Maria's father believed that girls would never be able to understand these subjects. Furthermore, they did not think it was proper for girls to study them.

  Maria did not care if it was proper or not. Math and science were the subjects that interested her most. But before she could sign up for the technical school, she had to win her father's approval. She finally did, with her mother's help, though for many years after, there was tension in the family. Maria's father continued to oppose her plans, while her mother helped her.

  In 1883, at age thirteen, Maria entered the "Regia Scuola Tecnica Michelangelo Buonarroti" in Rome. Her experience at this school is difficult for us to imagine. Though the courses included modern subjects, the teaching methods were very traditional. Learning consisted of memorizing long lists of facts and repeating them back to the teacher. Students were not supposed to ask questions or think for themselves in any way. Teachers were very demanding, discipline in the classroom was strict, and punishment was severe for those who failed to achieve or were disobedient.

1.In those days, most Italian girls________.

A. went to classical schools

B. went to "finishing" schools

C. did not go to high school

D. went to technical schools

2.Maria's father probably________.

A. had very modern views about women

B. had very traditional views about women

C. had no opinion about women

D. thought women could not learn Latin

3.High school teachers in Italy in those days were________.

A. very modern                        B. very intelligent

C. quite scientific                       D. quite strict

4.We can infer from this passage that________.

A. girls usually attended private primary schools

B. only girls attended classical schools

C. girls did not like going to school

D. Maria was a girl of strong will

 

Sarah came running in saying, "Look what l found. " Over the top of the paper I was reading I saw a long object that made me jump. It was a piece of snakeskin that had been shed (脱皮)  by one of our garden snakes.

'Isn't it beautiful?" said my wide-eyed 7~year-old daughter. I stared at the organic wrapper and thought to myself that it really was not that beautiful, but I did not want to disappoint Sarah.  Everything children see for the first time is elementary to their sense of beauty and creativity. They see only merit (忧点) and excellence in the world.

"Why does it do this?" Sarah asked. I like to teach my children that there is something else going on besides what they see in front of them. "Snakes shed their skin because they need to renew themselves," I explained.

"Why do they need to renew themselves?" Sarah asked. "We often need to shed our skins, those coatings that we cover ourselves with," I said to my now absorbed daughter. "We outgrow some things and find other stuff unnecessary. This snake no longer needs this skin.  It is probably too old, and the snake probably doesn't think it looks as smart in the skin as it once did.  Like buying a new suit. "

Of course, I'm sure this explanation won't suit naturalists. But Sarah got the point. As we talked, I knew that she began to understand that renewal is part of progress; that we need to take a good look at ourselves, and rooms and schoolwork and creativity, and she began to see what we need to keep and what need to cast off.  I was careful to point out that this is a natural process, not one to be forced.

"Snakes don't peel off their skin when they feel like it," I explained.  "lt happens as part of their growth. "

"I see, Dad. " said Sarah.  She then jumped off my lap, grabbed the snakeskin, and ran off.

I hoped she would remember this. Often, in order to find our real selves underneath the layers of community and culture we are cloaked (掩饰) in year after year, we need to start examining these layers. We need to gently peel some away, as we recognize them to be worthless, unnecessary, or flawed (有缺陷的);  or at best,  remember the things we discard(丢掉)to teach us how we can improve.

1.When Sarah asked the author whether the snakeskin was beautiful,___________

A.he was shocked and jumped

B.he tried to understand her point of view

C.he thought that telling the truth was a merit

D.he decided to teach her something about the garden

2.How did Sarah feel about the author's explanation?

A.Confused.         B.Boreci            C.Satisfied.          D.Excited.

3.Which of the following would the author agree with?

A.By reflecting on ourselves, we can better ourselves.

B.It is necessary to force others to remove some things.

C.The community and culture force us to change.

D.It is natural to keep some old clothes.

4.From the text, we can conclude that the author___________.

A.does not like nature much

B.takes the chilcl's feelings lightly

C.is both a logical and thoughtful person

D.loves to see his daughter excited about animals

5.Which of the following could be the best title for the article?

A.The things we should cast off              B.A shed snakeskin in Sarah's eyes

C.A natural part of our growth               D.Renewal for snakes and us

 

One morning more than thirty years ago, I entered the Track Kitchen, a restaurant where everyone from the humblest(卑微的) to the most powerful came for breakfast. I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven (未剃须的)man, who looked somewhat disheveled. He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone. I asked if I might join him. He agreed quietly and I sat down to have my breakfast.

We cautiously began a conversation and spoke about a wide range of things. We never introduced ourselves. I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat. So as I rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee, I asked,

“May I get you something ?”

“A coffee would be nice. ”

Then I bought him a cup of coffee, We talked more, and he accepted another cup of coffee.Finally, I rose to leave, wished him well, and headed for the exit. At the door I met one of my friends. He asked,

“How did you get to know Mr. Galbreath?”

“Who?”

“The man you were sitting with. He is chairman of the Board of Churchill Downs. ”

I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the world’s richest and most powerful men!

My few minutes with Mr. Galbreath changed my life. Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and no matter another human being with kindness and sincerity.

1.What does the underlined word “disheveled” mean?

A.Unfriendly.        B.Untidy.            C.Gentle.           D.Kind.

2.The author bought coffee for the old man because     

A.he thought the old man was poor           B.he wanted to start a conversation

C.he intended to show his politeness          D.he would like to thank the old man

3.How did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend?

A.Proud.            B.Pitiful.            C.Surprised.         D.Regretful

4.What is the message mainly expressed in the story?

A.We should learn to be generous.

B.It is honorable to help those in need.

C.People in high positions are not like what we expect.

D.We should avoid judging people by their appearances.

 

Peter and his mother lived in a small village. They were very poor. To help his mother, Peter often collected wood from the forest. He also cut down small trees. One morning, a bird flew down from a branch and asked him not to cut down a certain tree. The bird explained that its home was in the tree.

Peter left the tree alone. The bird was happy and asked Peter to bring along an empty bag the next morning. Early the next day he went to the tree and waited for the bird.

The bird soon appeared and asked Peter to hold on its tail and follow him. They went to a faraway valley. Peter saw gold all over the place. He picked up some pieces of gold and put them into his bag. The bird told Peter that they must leave the valley before the sun came up. Peter quickly filled his bag and left for home.

He now had plenty of money for himself and his mother. Peter told his best friend about the tree, the bird and the gold. His friend wanted some gold too. He went to the same tree and pretended that he was going to cut it down. The bird asked him not to do so. The following morning it led Peter’s friend to the valley of gold. When the sun was about to rise, the bird told him to leave. The greedy(贪婪的) boy would not do so. The sun came up and he was changed into a bird.

1. This story tells us _______.

A.greed blinds one’s eyes

B. to be poor without debts(债) is better than to be a king

C. a man without a friend is only half a man

D. make your enemy your friend

2. Peter left the tree alone. This means he _______.

A.did not like the tree because it was the bird’s home

B.did not cut the tree down

C.was the only person in the forest

D.wanted the tree to grow bigger

3. Peter picked up some pieces of gold _______.

A.  before day broke               B. before sunset

C.  at noon                       D. after the sun rose

4. Peter’s friend turned into a bird because he _______.

A.  was too greedy               B. cut the tree down

C.  filled his bag with gold      D. left when the sun was about to rise

 

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