题目内容
17.Vitamin B could help reduce the effects of the most dangerous type of air pollution,according to a new study published Monday.A team of international researchers looked at the damage caused by PM2.5,which has the most severe impact on health.The team found that something as simple as taking vitamin B daily could greatly reduce the impact of the tiny particles(颗粒) on the human body,although they stressed that research was in its early stages and the sample(样本) size was small.Once the particles are breathed in they can result in lung and systemic disease and stress,experts say.According to the WHO,92% of the world's population lives in places where the PM2.5 level is above the recommended level.However,how exactly these particles make people unwell is not fully understood.
For this study,published in the science journal PNAS,10 volunteers were initially exposed to clean air and given a placebo(安慰剂) to check their responses.The group then took another placebo for four weeks before being exposed to heavily polluted air from downtown Toronto,where thousands of cars pass every hour.The bad air was given to the volunteers through an"oxygen type"face mask.The experiment was then repeated,with each volunteer taking vitamin B daily--made up of 2.5mg of folic acid,50mg of vitamin B6,and 1mg of vitamin B12.B6 can be found in liver,chicken and nuts; and B12 in fish,meat,eggs,milk and some cereals.The researchers found that four weeks of B vitamin supplements reduced the damage of PM2.5 exposure by 28-76%.The results highlight how prevention at an individual level could be used to fight the harmful effects of PM2.5,the researchers said.
Future studies,especially in heavily polluted areas,are urgently needed to prove our findings and finally develop preventive methods using B vitamins to contain the health effects of air pollution,said one researcher.
28.According to this passage,how does PM2.5 do harm to our health?A
A.The particles can cause stress and lung disease as well.
B.The particles can lead to lung disease and heart attack.
C.The particles can cause blood disease and eye disease.
D.The particles can lead to heart attack and emotional diseases.
29.What can we learn from this passage?D
A.Vitamin C can help reduce the bad impact of PM2.5.
B.PM2.5is actually not as dangerous as people expect.
C.The scientists know why the vitamin can help fight PM2.5.
D.More than half of the world's population suffer from PM2.5.
30.Which food below can B12 be found in?A
A.Eggs.
B.Nuts.
C.Liver.
D.Apples.
31.What does the underlined word"highlight"in the third paragraph mean?A
A.To emphasize.
B.To weigh.
C.To represent.
D.To explain.
分析 短文主要介绍了维生素B族可减轻PM2.5造成的健康损伤.
解答 28.A,细节理解题,根据句子Once the particles are breathed in they can result in lung and systemic disease and stress可知,PM2.5会引起压力和肺疾病,故答案为A.
29.D,细节理解题,根据句子92% of the world's population lives in places where the PM2.5 level is above the recommended level可知,超过一半的人遭受PM2.5带来的伤害,故答案为D.
30.A,细节理解题,根据句子B12 in fish,meat,eggs,milk and some cereals可知,鸡蛋里含有B12,故答案为A.
31.A,词义猜测题,前文提到The researchers found that four weeks of B vitamin supplements reduced the damage of PM2.5 exposure by 28-76%,服用维生素B四个星期会降低28-76%PM2.5造成的伤害,可知这个结果是要强调维生素B的保护作用,故答案为A.
点评 解答任务型阅读理解题,首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意.因为阅读理解题一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能多地捕获信息材料.其次,细读题材,各个击破.掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息.最后,要善于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性.对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析,仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准.
A. | term | B. | region | C. | absence | D. | pattern |
A. | strengthen | B. | strength | C. | strong | D. | strongly |