Disposing(处理)of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it.As more and more people choose to live close together in cities,the waste-disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult.

    During the eighteenth century,it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site.Residents or trash haulers(垃圾拖运者)would transport household rubbish,rotted wood,and old possessions to the site.Periodically some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried.The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.

    Factories,mills,and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of.Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water.Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.

    Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society.The first problem is space Dumps,which are now called landfills,are most needed in heavily populated areas.Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose.Property is either too expensive or too close to residential neighborhoods.Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere,cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent.

    Awareness of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal.Pollution of rivers,ground water,land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste.The amount of waste,however,continues to grow.

    Recycling efforts have become commonplace,and many towns require their people to take part.Even the most efficient recycling programs,however,can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city’s reusable waste.

The most suitable title for this passage would be ______.

    A.Places for Disposing Waste   B.Waste Pollution Dangers

    C.Ways of Getting Rid of Waste     D.Waste Disposal Problem

During the 18th century,people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT for ______.

    A.burying it       B.recycling it    

    C.burning it       D.throwing it into rivers

What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?

    A.Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society.

    B.There is cheap land to bury waste in modern society.

    C.It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modern society.

    D.Ways to deal with waste in modern society stay the same.

The main purpose of writing this article is to ______.

    A.draw people’s attention to waste management

    B.warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing

    C.call on people to take part in recycling programs

    D.tell people a better way to get rid of the waste

Knowing how much her own children loved presents at Christmas, Ann Sutton always tried to seek help for one or two poor families.With a social worker mother, the Sutton children had inherited her commitment to service, and knew never to take their good fortune at Christmas for granted.This year, Kinzie, her seven-year-old daughter was thrilled that Santa Claus would make a special visit to a 22-year-old mother named Ashley who worked in a factory raising her 12-month-old son by herself.

The phone rang on Sunday.A representative from a local organization was calling to say that the aid Ann had requested for Ashley had fallen through.No Santa Claus, no presents, nothing.

Ann saw the cheer vanish from her children’s faces at the news.Without a word, Kinzie ran into her bedroom.She returned, her face set with determination.Opening up her piggy bank, she put all the coins onto the table: $3.30.Everything she had.

“Mom,” she told Ann, “I know it’s not much.But maybe this will buy a present for the baby.”

At a breakfast meeting the next day, Ann told her coworkers about her daughter’s story.To her surprise, staff members began to open their purses and empty their pockets to help Kinzie.By day’s end, the story of Kinzie’s gift had spread beyond Ann’s office.She received a call from an unknown donor.If a seven-year-old could give everything she had, he said, he should at least match her gift 100 to 1.He contributed $300.

On Christmas Eve, Ann drove through the pouring rain to the small trailer where the Ashleys lived.Then she began to unload the gifts from the car, handing them to Ashley one by one.

Ashley was very moved.Reflecting on a little girl’s generosity, Ashley says she’ll one day be able to do something similar for someone else in need.“Kinzie could have used that money for herself, but she gave it away,” Ashley says.“She’s the type of kid I’d like my son to grow up to be.”

According to the text, Ann Sutton ______________.

       A.is making lots of money  B.is ready to help others

       C.is only caring about herself     D.is a hard-working mother

Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?

       A.Ashley lived a hard life with her little son.

       B.The Sutton children took Anne as an example to follow.

       C.The coworkers of Ann helped Kinzie to realize her wish.

       D.Ann Sutton tried to ask for help for her own children.

What can we learn about Kinzie?

       A.She was afraid that Santa Claus would visit the Ashleys.

       B.She should get some presents from her mother at Christmas.

       C.She devoted all her coins to buying a present for the baby.

       D.She was cheerful when hearing the aid had fallen through.

Which of the following can be inferred from the text?

       A.It rained heavily on Christmas Eve.

       B.Ann handed gifts to Ashley one by one.

       C.Ashley hoped she would help someone else in need.

       D.A good deed can influence many people’s behavior.

What would be the best title for the text?

       A.A Young Girl’s Gift B.A Mother’s Love

       C.A Story of Young Girl     D.An Unknown Donor

Seventeen-year-old Rivertown teenager, John Janson, was honoured at the Lifesaver Awards last night for carrying out lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shocking knife   36  .

    John was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the  37  of the ten people who have saved the life of others.

    John had been studying in his room when he heard  38  . When he and his father rushed outside, they    39    that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed(刺)   40    with a knife by her ex-boyfriend(前男友). The man ran from the  41   and left Ms Slade lying in her front garden    42    very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut off.

    It was John’s quick    43    and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life. He immediately asked a number of the    44    people for bandages(绷带), but when nobody could put their hands on anything, his father got some tea towels(毛巾)and    45    from their house. John used these to dress the most severe   46    to Ms Slade’s hands. He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the   47  and ambulance arrived.

    “I’m    48    of what I did but I was just doing what I had been    49   ,” John said.

John had taken part in the Young Lifesaver Scheme at his high school. When   50   John, Mr Alan Southerton, Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme, said, “   51  is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid  52  that he had learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life. It shows that a simple knowledge of the first aid can make a real  53   .”

    John and the nine other lifesavers also attended a   54    reception yesterday hosted by the Prime Minister before    55    their awards last night.

1.A. show        B. attack        C. work           D. defend

2.A. bravery      B. life          C. thinking         D. progress

3.A. quarrelling    B. arguing      C. laughing        D. screaming 

4.A. realized       B. believed      C. thought        D. discovered

5.A. repeatedly    B. quickly       C. frequently      D. gradually

6.A. home        B. place        C. scene           D. house

7.A. shaking      B. struggling     C. bleeding        D. crying

8.A. action         B. answer       C. experience      D. request

9.A. several       B. nearby        C. familiar        D. curious

10.A. water       B. tape          C. bandages       D. scissors

11.A. damages     B. pains         C. injuries        D. arms

12.A. neighbours   B. children       C. doctor         D. police

13.A. proud       B. fond           C. sure          D. tired

14.A. expected     B. taught         C. encouraged    D. educated

15.A. thanking      B. recognizing    C. admiring      D. congratulating

16.A. There         B. It            C. He           D. She

17.A. skills         B. instructions    C. key           D. history

18.A. discovery       B. harm         C. difference      D. choice

19.A. recent         B. secret        C. private         D. special

20.A. giving        B. offering       C. announcing     D. receiving

 

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