About 500 years ago, the Spanish explorer Christopher Columbus proved the Earth was round．Now American author Thomas Friedman tells us the Earth is flat in his bestseller： The World Is Flat： A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century．
If he is not joking, then why is the world flat?Friedman owes it to technological forces．Because of the Internet and the World Wide Web, he believes geographical barriers are disappearing．Individuals and companies around the world can cooperate or compete on the same level．
Bill Gates explains the meaning of this transformation best．Thirty years ago, he tells Friedman, if you had to choose between being born a genius in Shanghai and an average person in Poughkeepsie(a city in southeast New York), you would have chosen Poughkeepsie because your chances of living a prosperous life were much greater there．“Now,”Gates says,“I would rather be a genius born in China than an average guy born in Poughkeepsie．”This shows that success today is determined more by ability than by location．
Globalization 3.0, as he calls it, is driven by ambitious individuals： freelancers(自由撰稿人)and creative new businesses all over the world, especially in India and China．They can compete not just for low-wage manufacturing but, increasingly, for the highest-end research and design work as well．
Big companies have played another important role in this globalization process．They move their factories from one country to another to cut costs．It's usual now for an engineer in China to be working for an American company．The Internet keeps them in constant touch with their American parteners．People everywhere, from the US to China, have procedures of the same standard for getting their work done．
The Reuters news agency provides a good example．The company moved its operation offices from London and New York to India．The Indian employees have the necessary technical skills．But the salaries and office rents are less than one-fifth of what they would be in New York or London．
(1)
The fact that Bill Gates made a different choice shows that ________．
[ ]
A．
success is largely determined by where you live
B．
a genius is sure to succeed
C．
Shanghai has taken the place of New York now
D．
one can succeed from anywhere as long as he is intelligent enough
(2)
Why is the world flat according to Friedman?
[ ]
A．
Because the Earth has changed 500 years later．
B．
Because geniuses can be found everywhere all over the world．
C．
Because great progress in science and technology makes the world seem smaller．
D．
Because the 21st century makes travel easier．
(3)
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the advantages of globalization?
[ ]
A．
Lower cost for factories
B．
Low-wage manufacturing
C．
Cheap rents
D．
Low-priced products
(4)
The main idea of the passage is that ________．
[ ]
A．
a genius plays a role in the advancement of science and technology
B．
both cooperation and competition between businesses lead to globalization
C．
China and India are catching up with the western countries
D．
business competition helps to speed up globalization
When you donate blood, a small amount is usually taken in advance to test your blood type．If you are O＋, the O is your ABO type and the＋is your Rh type．It is possible to be A,B,AB, or O as well as Rh＋or Rh-．
The ABO system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in the early 1900s．He was awarded the Nobel Prize for his achievements．There are four basic types of blood in the ABO system：A,B,AB and O．Everybody is born with one of these four types of blood．We get blood type, just like hair color and height from parents．Because of the substances(物质)contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully．If two different blood types are mixed together, it may put a person into an extremely dangerous situation．Basically, A and B cannot be mixed．A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B．In an emergency, type O blood can be given because it is most likely to be accepted by all blood types，so it is often called the universal donor．However，there is still a risk．For the opposite reason，AB is sometimes called the universal receiver．However，because there can be so many reactions in transfusions，patients usually receive only salt until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible in the blood bank of the hospital．
There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality．Among the Europeans, about 45 percent have type O while 42 percent have type A．The rarest is type AB．Other races have different percentage．For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type out of 100 donors in the world．
(1)
Which of the following shown the correct relationships in blood transfusions?
[ ]
A．
B．
C．
D．
(2)
The underlined word “transfuse” most probably means ________．
[ ]
A．
to put the blood into a container
B．
to move the blood from one place to another
C．
to put the blood of one person into the body of another
D．
to give power to another person
(3)
The text mainly tells us ________．
[ ]
A．
about the basic types of human blood
B．
what kind of blood is the most common
C．
about Karl Landsteiner who won the Nobel Prize
D．
the relationship between blood type and nationality
