题目内容

1.American children aren't the only couch potatoes.According to a study of over 70,000teens in 34nations,nearly 1/3of children globally spend three hours a day or more watching TV or on computers.From Argentina to Zambia,Regina Guthold of the World Health Organization in Geneva and her colleagues found most children aren't getting enough exercise and it made no difference if they lived in a rich or a poor country."With regard to physical activity levels,we did not find much of a difference between poor and rich countries,"Guthold said."Growing up in a poor country does not necessarily mean that kids get more physical activity."The study,published in The Journal of Pediatrics,looked at 72,845schoolchildren aged 13to 15from North an South America,Asia,Europe,and the Middle East.The children were surveyed between 2003and 2007.
The researchers defined adequate physical activity as at least an hour of exercise outside of gym class at least five days a week.Children who spent three or more hours a day watching TV,playing computer games,or chatting with friends----except from time in school or time spent doing homework---were classified as sedentary (久坐的).The researchers found only 1/4of the boys and 15% of girls were getting enough exercise by these definitions.1/4of boys and approximately 30% of girls were sedentary and didn't get enough exercise with girls less active than boys in every country except from Zambia.While the study didn't look at the reasons behind the lack of physical activity in various nations,it is believed that urbanization(城市化) could be a factor as well as to cars and TVs.

61.What is the passage mainly about?A
A.A study about kids lacking physical activity.
B.Why most kids are couch potatoes.
C.What is adequate physical activity.
D.Activity and a country's development.
62.What did Regina Guthold and her colleagues find according to the passage?D
A.Rural children get more physical activities.
B.Boys get less physical exercise than girls.
C.Children in rich countries enjoy better sports facilities
D.Most children are lack of physical exercise.
63.What does the speaker say about the study?D
A.It lasted for more than five years.
B.It was carried out in America,Asia and Africa.
C.It surveyed 72,000school children.
D.It defined how much exercise is enough.
64.According to the passage,why can't children get adequate physical activity?B
A.There is limited space for physical exercise.
B.Urbanization results in the kids'lack of activities.
C.Children have great academic pressure.
D.The education system neglects (忽视) physical health.
65.Which of the following is Not True?C
A.Besides America,many countries'children are couch potatoes.
B.Sedentary refers to children who does not do enough exercise.
C.Girls are as active as boys in Zambia.
D.As to physical activity levels,children in poor nations are not different from in rich.

分析 本文是一篇科教类阅读,主要讲的是一项关于缺乏身体活动的孩子的研究.

解答 61-65.ADDBC
61题答案:A考查主旨大意,本文主要讲的是一项关于缺乏身体活动的孩子的研究;故本题答案为A选项.
62题答案:D考查细节推理,根据文章中的From Argentina to Zambia,Regina Guthold of the World Health Organization in Geneva and her colleagues found most children aren't getting enough exercise 从阿根廷到赞比亚,来自几内瓦世界卫生组织的Regina Guthold 和他的同事们发现大多数孩子没有得到足够的锻炼.可知本题答案为D选项.
63题答案:D考查细节推理,根据文章第二段的The researchers defined adequate physical activity as at least an hour of exercise outside of gym class at least five days a week.研究者将每周至少五天每天至少进行一小时的健身课外锻炼定义为足够的身体活动.可知本题答案为D选项.
64题答案:B考查细节推理,根据最后一段的it is believed that urbanization(城市化) could be a factor as well as to cars and TVs.人们认为城市化可能是一种因素,另外还有汽车和电视也是的.可知本题答案为B选项.
65题答案:C考查细节推理,根据文章中的…with girls less active than boys in every country except from Zambia.除了来自赞比亚的孩子之外,所有国家女孩子都不如男孩子活跃.可知赞比亚的女孩子有可能与男孩子一样活跃也有可能比男孩子活跃,故C选项错误.

点评 本文是一篇科教类阅读,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案.

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63.Using awayfacing buggies mayB.
A.benefit both the babies and their parents
B.affect babies'language ability permanently
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D.have positive effect on babies'development
64.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?C
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D.One of the 20babies was twice as likely to fall asleep in buggies.
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B.Best for Kids to Communicate with Parents
C.Stressed Babies Grow into Anxious Adults
D.Buggy Manufacturers Care about the Finding.
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61.What kind of physical problem do many grown-up American have?C
A.They are too thin.                B.They work too hard.
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    Could I bring my own shopping bag when making purchases?
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B.Plastic bags are unnecessary.
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D.Plastic bags are dangerous.
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D.They pollute the environment.
48.The best thing people can do to help solve the plastic bag problem is toC
A.stop making plastic bags from oil
B.use paper bags instead of plastic bags
C.bring their own cloth bags when shopping
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C.You should study in a different place every day,so you don't get bored.
D.Staying up all night and studying is tiring,but you will learn a lot using this method.
65.What does the underlined word"it"refer to?C
A.Your dictionary.
B.Your textbook.
C.Your study desk or table             
D.The equipment you need.
66.What can be inferred from the passage?B
A.You shouldn't look at everyone else during the test.
B.You will have enough energy to deal with your study and exams by eating healthy diet.
C.You'll concentrate more if there is nothing to distract you.
D.If you feel tired during study,you can walk around for a few minutes.
11.Can people change their skin colour without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson?Perhaps yes.Scientists have found the gene that determines skin colour.
The gene comes in two versions,one of which is found in 99per cent of Europeans.The other is found in 93to 100per cent of Africans,researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.
Scientists have changed the colour of a dark-striped zebrafish to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish.As with humans,zebrafish skin colour is determined by pigment cells,which contain melanosomes (黑色素).The number,size and darkness of melanosomes per pigment cell determines skin colour.
It appears that,like the golden zebrafish,light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation(变异) in the gene for melanosome production.This results in less pigmented skin.
However,Keith Cheng,leader of the research team,points out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes.
Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun (太阳光紫外线),which can cause skin cancer.
But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes,they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D.So the related gene changes,according to Cheng.
Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans,so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin colour,said Cheng.
The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer.It also could lead to research into ways to change skin colour without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.

71.The passage mainly tells us thatD.
A.people can not change their skin colour without any pain
B.the new discovery could lead to search into ways to change skin colour safely
C.pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin colour as he liked
D.scientists have found out that people's skin colour is determined by the gene
72.It can be inferred from the passage thatA.
A.nowadays people who want to change their skin colour have to suffer a lot from the damage caused by the chemical treatment
B.Europeans and Africans have the same gene
C.the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer
D.there are two kinds of genes
73.Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebrafish in order toB.
A.find the different genes of humans'
B.prove the humans'skin colour is determined by the pigment gene
C.find out the reason why the Africans'skin colour is dark
D.find out the ways of changing people's skin colour
74.The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably thatB.
A.they are born light-skinned people
B.light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanosome production
C.they have fewer activities outside
D.they pay much attention to protecting their skin
75.The writer's attitude towards the discovery isC.
A.neutral          B.negative
C.positive         D.indifferent.

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