题目内容
7.Doctors sometimes prescribe light therapy to treat a form of depression in people who get too little morning sun.But too much light at other times may actually cause such mood disorders. Long-lasting exposure to light at night brings depression,a new study finds,at least in animals.The new data confirm observations from studies of people who work night shifts,says Richard Stevens of the University of Connecticut Health Center.Mood disorders join a growing list of problems,including cancer,obesity and diabetes梩hat can occur when light throws life out of balance by disturbing the biological clock and its timing of daily rhythms.
In the new study,Tracy Bedrosian and Randy Nelson of Ohio State University exposed mice to normal light and dark cycles for four weeks.For the next four weeks,half of the mice remained on this schedule,and the rest received continuous dim light throughout their night.Compared with mice exposed to normal nighttime darkness,those getting dim light at night lost their strong preference for sweet drinks,"a sign they no longer get pleasure out of activities they once enjoyed,"Bedrosian says.
In a second test,mice were clocked on how long they actively tried to escape a pool of water. Those exposed to night lights stopped struggling and just floated in the water,a sign of"behavioral despair",10times as long as the mice that had experienced normal nighttime darkness.All symptoms of depression disappeared within two weeks of the mice returning to a normal light-dark cycle,the researchers report.The scientists also could quash the behavioral symptoms by injecting (注射) the brains of animals with a drug that prohibits the activity of certain molecules linked with human depression.This finding further suggests that light at night may cause something related to depression.
Human studies linking nighttime light and mood disorders are important but can't easily detect molecular underpinnings (分子基础) as animal studies can,says George Brainard of Thomas Jefferson University.The new work,he says,suggests that the change of the biological clock by light at night can be"an extremely powerful force in regulating biology and behavior.
63.After being exposed to continuous nighttime light,the miceD.
A.changed their preferences B.escaped from the water more eagerly
C.remained active as before D.showed less interest in their favorites
64.What does the underlined word"quash"in Para.4probably mean?C
A.study B.predict
C.ease D.cause
65.We can leam from the last paragraph thatA.
A.light at night may have practical value
B.the biological clock is beneficial to humans
C.human mood disorders cannot be healed easily
D.human studies are more important than animal studies
66.What is the main idea of the passage?A
A.Nighttime light may foster depression.
B.A drug has been found to cure mood disorders.
C.The study on animals can be applied to humans.
D.Human biological clock can be controlled by lieht.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了科学家通过研究证实了夜间光可能促进抑郁症,同时也表明夜间光可能有其实用价值.
解答 63.D.细节理解题.根据文章第三段"those getting dim light at night lost their strong preference for sweet drinks,"a sign they no longer get pleasure out of activities they once enjoyed,"Bedrosian says"可知暴露于连续夜间光照后,小鼠对曾经喜欢的活动不再感到高兴;故选D.
64.C.词义猜测题.根据文章第四段"The scientists also could quash the behavioral symptoms by injecting (注射) the brains of animals with a drug that prohibits the activity of certain molecules linked with human depression"科学家也可以撤销行为症状(注射)注射用药物禁止某些分子与人类抑郁症的联系活动的动物的大脑;可知词义为撤销放松;故选C.
65.A.推力判断题.根据文章最后一段"The new work,he says,suggests that the change of the biological clock by light at night can be"an extremely powerful force in regulating biology and behavior"可知夜间灯光可能有它的实用价值;故选A.
66.A.主旨大意题.通读全文,可知文章主要讲科学家通过研究证实了夜间光可能促进抑郁症;故选A.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
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In my town,(39)Ccould walk outside because the streets were(40)D.I was outside watching my father climb on that strange thing.I was curious about why my father disappear at last.So I decided to go up it to(41)Awhy it was impossible to see my father after he reached the(42)Bof that thing.At 1.5years old,still a baby wearing pampers,I climbed that ladder to the roof top and started walking(43)D.My father did not notice that-he was on the other side occupied with his repairs.It happened that a nice lady in our(44)Bpassed by and (45)Dme.The nice lady came to my house and (46)Bmy mother of it,who was fearful and(47)Cran outside to speak with me.
She really thought I would just(48)Athat roof,for I was just a baby (49)A.She asked me to sit down and stop moving in a(50)Cway you speak to your babies when they are cuts.(51)B,I threw myself flat on the (52)Cand waited.
My mother climbed the ladder to(53)Bme up and there I was enjoying the view laughing at my mother's shocked face.(54)Dthe saying goes,"He who knows nothing(55)Bnothing."
36.A.valuable | B.unforgettable | C.endless | D.worthy |
37.A.build | B.paint | C.clean | D.mend |
38.A.spread | B.laid | C.stood | D.moved |
39.A.adults | B.children | C.babies | D.villagers |
40.A.smooth | B.wide | C.clean | D.safe |
41.A.figure out | B.think out | C.pick out | D.point out |
42.A.foot | B.top | C.step | D.body |
43.A.out | B.up | C.down | D.around |
44.A.house | B.neighborhood | C.family | D.company |
45.A.met | B.inspected | C.heard | D.spotted |
46.A.asked | B.warned | C.reminded | D.advised |
47.A.quietly | B.slowly | C.immediately | D.curiously |
48.A.fall off | B.climb onto | C.repair | D.destroy |
49.A.after all | B.at all | C.in all | D.all in all |
50.A.concerned | B.cautious | C.nice | D.clear |
51.A.Therefore | B.Instead | C.However | D.Otherwise |
52.A.ladder | B.ground | C.roof | D.street |
53.A.bring | B.pick | C.put | D.take |
54.A.When | B.While | C.For | D.As |
55.A.doubts | B.fears | C.ignores | D.understands |
A. | is it | B. | isn't it | C. | do I | D. | don't I |