题目内容
20."Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday?"Lindsey whispers to Tori.With her eyes shining,Tori brags,"You bet I did,Sean told me two days ago."
Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about?It just happened to be yours truly,Adam Freedmam.I can tell you that what they are saying is not nice and not even true.Still,Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School,including me.Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话).I have noticed three effects of gossip:it can hurt people,it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction,and it can cause social pressures in a group.
An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.Usually,gossip spreads information about a topic-breakups,trouble at home,even dropping out-that a person would rather keep secret.The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is,the juicier the gossip it makes.Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.People often think of gossipers as harmless,but cruel lies can cause pain.
If we know that gossip can be harmful,then why do so many of us do it?The answer lies in another effect of gossip:the satisfaction it gives us.Sharing the latest rumor (传言)can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don't.Similarly,hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the"in group."In other words,gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority.
Gossip also can have a third effect:it strengthens unwritten,unspoken rules about how people should act.Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group.Translated into high school terms,this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said,then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.The do's and don'ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.
The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation.The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news,think about why you want to gossip and what effects your"juicy story"might have.
Passage outline | Supporting details |
(71)Introductionto gossip | ●Gossip is a (72)commonphenomenon.Lindsey and Tori are not (73)alone/exceptionalwhen it comes to spreading gossip. |
Three (74)effectsof gossip | ●Gossip can hurt the person (75)concerned/involved. ●Gossip often touches on embarrassing or shameful information,which a person prefers to keep (76)unknown/secret. |
●The reason why many of us spread gossip is that it makes us (77)satisfiedand gives people a sense of belonging. | |
●Gossip strengthens unwritten,unspoken rules about how people should act.If the people around you laugh at what John wore or what Jane said,then you will(78)avoidwearing or saying something similar. | |
(79)Suggestions/Advice/Tipsfrom the author | ●If you have a strong desire to spread the latest news,think (80)twice/carefully. (1)Think about why you want to gossip. (2)Think about what effects your"juicy story"might have. |
分析 本文是一篇议论文.文章讨论了传言的危害和人们为什么喜欢传闲话.
传闲话有三个方面的影响:一说闲话会伤害被谈论的人;二说闲话可以给人满足感;三如果你和他们一样传闲话,你也会让你吃到同样的苦果.因此你下一次有传播某个最新消息的时候,要考虑一下你为什么要这么做,你的消息会有什么影响.
解答 71.答案:Introduction. 主旨大意题.根据文章第一段可知本段主要对"闲话"做一个整体的引入和介绍,所以主旨大意是Introduction to gossip.
72.答案:common.推理判断题. 根据文章第一段中 Still,Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School,including me.可知,说闲话是一种常见的现象,Lindsey and Tori 不是个例.common表示"常见的".
73.答案:alone/exceptional.推理判断题. 根据文章第一段中 Still,Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School,including me.可知,说闲话是一种常见的现象,Lindsey and Tori 不是个例.alone/exceptional表示"特例,单个的".
74.答案:effects.推理判断题.根据第一段末尾,和二,三和四段可知这几段说的是 说闲话的影响,所以用effects表示"结果,影响".
75.答案:concerned/involved.细节题.根据第二段第一句An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about可知说闲话会伤害被谈论的人,也就是与此事相关的人,所以用concerned/involved表示"与…有关的".
76.答案:unknown/secret.细节题.根据第二段第二句Usually,gossip spreads information about a topic-breakups,trouble at home,even dropping out-that a person would rather keep secret 可知闲话的内容往往是不愿意让别人知道的,愿意保密的事,所以用unknown/secret表示"秘密".
77.satisfied.细节题.根据第三段第二句The answer lies in another effect of gossip:the satisfaction it gives us.可知说闲话可以给人满足感,所以用satisfied表示"满意的".
78.答案:avoid.细节题.根据第四段倒数第二句 then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention可知如果你和他们一样传闲话,你也会让你吃到同样的苦果,所以用avoid表示"避免做".
79.答案:Suggestions/Advice/Tips.主旨大意题.根据文章末段 的 The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news,think about why you want to gossip and what effects your"juicy story"might have. 可知你下一次有传播某个最新消息的时候,要考虑一下你为什么要这么做,你的消息会有什么影响,所以本段是提出避免传谣的建议,所以用Suggestions/Advice/Tips.
80.答案:twice/carefully.推理判断题.根据上题可知你下一次有传播某个最新消息的时候,要考虑一下你为什么要这么做,你的消息会有什么影响,所以本段是提出避免传谣的建议,所以用think twice/carefully表示"仔细考虑".
点评 考查任务型阅读.
这是一篇社会现象类阅读,这种题型的解题技巧:
这类文章通过写人记事来揭示文章的主题,显示其社会意义,一般采用顺序或倒叙来叙述.题目经常是一些细节问题.考查的方面可以是原因和其中引发的思考.阅读这类文章要理清思路.
A. | for the sake of | B. | in the shape of | ||
C. | on the basis of | D. | with the development of |
-Anyone with criminal records will be laid off first when it comes time to let staff go.( )
A. | rewarding | B. | demanding | C. | worthwhile | D. | stable |
-Sorry.better not.Your smoking in the office me!( )
A. | bothered | B. | is bothering | C. | has bothered | D. | will bother |
A. | bargain | B. | competition | C. | debate | D. | campaign |