Did you know that money is not worth the paper it is printed on? Money is really just a symbol. 1.

Long ago, people did not use money. They made or grew food, clothes, and other things they needed. Later, people started trading. They would trade what they made to someone else in order to get different foods and goods. To trade like this is to barter(物物交换).

The barter system was a good system. Bakers could trade bread for wheat. Weavers could trade cloth for meat. Trading not just let people work at certain jobs. 2.

But one problem with bartering was that not everyone agreed on prices. People had to work out a price each time they wanted to trade. Another problem was that the goods might be too heavy to carry. What if the cow farmer wanted to trade a cow for a horse with the horse farmer? They would have to carry their animals with them. 3. What if the cow farmer wanted to trade a cow for a chicken? A cow is worth more than a chicken. The farmer should get “change.” But how can you make change from a cow?

4. People used to use all kinds of small things for money. They used shells, beads, feathers, seeds, and even salt. A group of people would decide the worth of a kind of shell. Other kinds of shells would be worth more or less. Then people had money that was worth a certain amount. It was easy to carry. It was easy to make change.

With time going by, we finally have the money that we use today. 5.

A. This is where money comes in.

B. That means it stands for something else.

C. They made clothes from wool from their sheep.

D. Bartering did not have a way to make change, either.

E. It also gave people a way to buy things they needed.

F. With money, we don’t have to travel with chickens, cows, or clay pots!

G. When people traded, they no longer had to make everything they needed.

The National Gallery

Description:

The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modem ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.

Layout:

The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to 15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.

The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titian and Veronese.

The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velaazquez, Claude and Vermeer.

The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.

Opening Hours:

The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10am to 9pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.

Getting There:

Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk).

1.In which wing can you see religious paintings?

A. In the East Wing. B. In the main West Wing.

C. In the Sainsbury Wing. D. In the North Wing.

2.If you enter the gallery by a ground floor, you will easily see the works of .

A. Van Eyck B. Cranach

C. Van Dyck. D. Constable.

3.According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A. The National Gallery is the biggest British national art museum.

B. There are four exhibition areas in The National Gallery

C. The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm

D. The Gallery is completely free

4.Where does the text probably come from?

A. An artist magazine. B. A tourist map.

C. A news report. D. A museum guide.

A long time ago, I knew a girl whose name is Gloria. She is a student. Most people in school liked Gloria.So when she got sick,some boys_____to visit her. But none of them wanted to  _____any money for a gift to bring.

    Then Willie said,“We can _____some flowers from a _____. ”

    Gloria will not know ______they come from,and the dead man will not _____them.

    Everybody was afraid,_____Willie.So he went alone and ____some beautiful flowers.Then they went to Gloria’s_____,and the boys acted as if the flowers were from all of them,but______did not mind.

    After their visit,Willie_____the other boys,“It is a good thing that I was not afraid. Gloria ____ the flowers. ”

    The other boys laughed. Gloria would not have liked the _____if she had known they had come from a grave.

    That night, Willie was reading a book _____his mother came into his room.“Willie,did you and other boys buy some flowers today ______Gloria?”she asked.“There’s a man  _____asking for you,”she added. “He says that you didn’t ______the flowers. ”

    “What does he look  ____?”Willie asked.

    “That’s hard to say,”Willie’s mother answered. “He is all _____with mud(泥土). ”

    Willie,all of a sudden,was ____.

1.A. thought B. planned C. asked D. took

2.A. keep B. cost C. take D. spend

3.A. steal B. pick up C. buy D. plant

4.A. shop B. store C. street D. grave

5.A. how B. when C. where D. why

6.A. miss B. lose C. hate D. love

7.A. except B. besides C. including D. beside

8.A. saw B. thought C. looked for D. found

9.A. room B. hospital C. school D. library

10.A. Gloria B. some C. Willie D. nobody

11.A. told B. asked C. said to D. explained

12.A. refused B. liked C. hated D. missed

13.A. boys B. flowers C. secret D. news

14.A. when B. as C. while D. suddenly

15.A. to B. for C. on D. with

16.A. inside B. outside C. still D. also

17.A. ask for B. water C. like D. pay for

18.A. as B. about C. like D. for

19.A. painted B. dressed C. wrapped D. covered

20.A. afraid B. red C. sad D. glad

Toys for Kids

From wooden blocks to electronic games, the best toys for kids make their young users think and dream while building useful skills. Of course, they’re also tons of fun!

●Educational Toys

Many of the best toys for kids combine learning and fun. The GeoSafari Talking Globe provides interactive geography games in a fun electronic format. It was named to Dr.Toy’s Best Classic Toys List in 2016. Professor Noggin’s History of the United States is a fun and informative card game that made FamilyFun. com’s Toy of the Year list.

●Pretend Play

Kids love to pretend, and the best toys for kids can spark their imaginations and lead to hours of fun. The Real Projects Workshop was a grand prize winner in the 2016 FamilyFun.com Toy of the Year awards. With this pretend workshop kids can play with realistic tools while building projects out of foam “wood”. Dora’s Talking Kitchen won “Girl Toy of the Year” in the 2016 Toy Industry Association Toy of the Year Awards.

●Stuffed(填充的)Animals

Every kid needs a cuddly (可抱的) friend. Kids may ask for stuffed animals based on popular television and movie characters, but teddy bears, stuffed dogs, and other plush figures that haven’t appeared on-screen will have long-lasting appeal. For a unique twist on stuffed animals, the Lil’ Luvables Fluffy Factory lets kids stuff their own teddy bears. It was a Toy of the Year grand prize winner at FamilyFun.com.

●Games

Games promote cooperation while encouraging everything from memory skills to exercise. Hullabaloo, from the makers of Cranium, won “Best Game” honors in the 2016 Toy Industry Association Toy of the Year Awards. The game gets kids moving and laughing as they follow instructions from the game’s audio console.

1.How can kids benefit from the educational toys?

A. They can improve their personalities.

B. They can enjoy geography games.

C. They can be active in doing homework.

D. They can gain knowledge while playing.

2.How many kinds of toys won the grand prize in FamilyFun.com Toy of the Year awards?

A. Only one. B. Two.

C. Three. D. Four.

3.Which toys can develop kids’ team spirit?

A. Educational. B. Pretend play.

C. Stuffed animals. D. Games.

4.How can kids play with the toys made by the Lil’ Luvables Fluffy Factory?

A. They can stuff the toys by themselves.

B. They can play board games with the toys.

C. They can treat the toys as bears.

D. They can interact with the toys.

As confusion disappeared, we found freedom, time, and energy to do more of what we love. We started hiking more and added weekend and weeklong camping trips. In doing so,we realized more and more benefits of being outdoors.

The physical health benefits from being outside may be pretty obvious at first, but there are more than I realized. Studies have shown that besides the vitamin D intake, being outside can even reduce recovery and healing time. Activity outdoors can also have a higher fitness benefit than exercise done indoors.

A walk in the woods or even just a quick trip to a park can help reduce anxiety, improve short-term memory and reduce mental tiredness. Any time I need a boost in my mood, spending even five minutes in the sunshine will help. Imagine the benefits we receive from spending an entire day or even more outdoors.

As I’ve made it my preference to be outdoors, I find myself inspired and excited about life. Many people claim that their best ideas come to them in the shower. I have had the same happen when in nature. My creativity, confidence, and focus all increase after a hike or a weekend spent camping.

In between my my generation and the generation of my children, there has been an extreme decrease in the amount of time kids are spending more time indoors than ever before and shares shocking statistics of how little time kids get out VS hours of screen time each day. This has given rise to many negative consequences such as poorer physical and mental health.

However, as mentioned previously, all the benefits we as adults can receive from time spent outdoors, it is even better for our kids. It is clear that time in nature is good for both adults and children.

1.According to the passage, we can know that .

A. it is necessary to take in more vitamin D

B. being outside helps us get well sooner

C. indoor exercise is kind of harmful to health

D. keeping fit is very important for children

2.How does the author give advice to readers?

A. By making comparisons.

B. By presenting his personal experience.

C. By giving warnings.

D. By following the order of importance.

3.When does the author have his best ideas?

A. When he is having a shower. B. When he is with the kids.

C. When he is in nature. D. When he comes back from work.

4.What can we infer from the passage?

A. The author is an expert in physical health.

B. The author is strict with his children.

C. Many children still prefer to stay indoors.

D. Most parents ignore the value of being outdoors.

Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade.She wasn't my____;she was the adviser to the safety patrol(巡逻)on which I____.I loved being around her and____her sense of humor and kind personality.She was____a good listener.

At the end of the year,she____that she was moving to Florida,and I was very sad.We exchanged____and became pen pals.I could tell her____,and she treated me____respect even though I was a teenager.

In Florida,Mrs.Freeman became a Realtor(房地产经纪人),____she managed to find time to write letters.She wrote____stories and always took my concerns____.She had given me a(n)____invitation to visit,and I missed her so much.When I____to take her up on the____,she answered,"Get your shoes on and your bags____!You are welcome anytime!"

I spent three weeks with her in Miami.Her____of poetry,music,and creative writing____me to follow these endeavors(努力).One day____hanging sheets on the clothesline,she____and said,"You know,the sky is fuel for the soul."I had never looked at the____before hearing those words.Later that year,I received a call that Mrs.Freeman had died.

1.A. mother B. friend C. classmate D. teacher

2.A. served B. advised C. expected D. led

3.A. shared B. enjoyed C. imagined D. found

4.A. such B. just C. still D. also

5.A. knew B. announced C. thought D. realized

6.A. addresses B. gifts C. views D. roles

7.A. anything B. nothing C. everything D. something

8.A. in B. as C. with D. to

9.A. so B. but C. or D. for

10.A. amusing B. different C. emotional D. ordinary

11.A. immediately B. carefully C. seriously D. privately

12.A. urgent B. lucky C. ambiguous D. open

13.A. decided B. hesitated C. wrote D. hurried

14.A. offer B. promise C. excuse D. message

15.A. bought B. found C. filled D. packed

16.A. love B. dream C. sense D. feeling

17.A. persuaded B. encouraged C. forced D. allowed

18.A. before B. once C. while D. after

19.A. looked over B. looked out C. looked up D. looked down

20.A. clouds B. flowers C. people D. houses

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