题目内容

5.For many years there's been a debate about rewarding our children.Does it work?Is it effective?
Some people think we should establish a standard with our kids and give them something for meeting this standard as a reward.Punishment is given out in much the same way,but it's used when certain standards of performance,behavior,etc.have not been met.Kids will often become more dutiful when threatened with punishment,and work harder when promised a valuable reward.The problem is what happens when you aren't around.
To develop responsible,self-disciplined(自律的)kids,parents need to promote certain ideas.One of these ideas is that everyone pitches in(努力投入)and helps in your family,even if someone is not crazy about helping.Another idea is that there can be enjoyment in doing any task if we choose to make it so.When a task is for a worthy cause(our family can enjoy the house more because I helped clean it),and when parents are cheerful about their chores,this message can have a big impact.
This is how we help our kids develop a sense of responsibility.When our children develop this responsibility,they'll be more disciplined,and they'll control their emotions better.When we give rewards to our kids,we reduce the sense of responsibility.We also create children who may temporarily(临时)perform to a certain standard,but who aren't likely to continue the performance without  the carrot  hanging in front of them.
"Rewards and punishment can change behavior for a while,but they cannot change the person who engages in the behavior,at least in the way we want,"said AIfie Kohn,author of Punished by Rewards."Good values have to be grown from the inside out.''Parents can help give their children a sense of shared responsibility and discipline which can last a lifetime.The real rewards that your children receive will be their readiness for the complex and demanding world that waits for them---a world that rewards those who have learned the secrets of discipline responsibility.So keep those shiny rewarding to yourself,and let your kids find their own rewards.

66.According to the passage,when children are threatened with punishment,B.
A.they may lose interest in their work    
B.they may appear to be well-behaved
C.they may change to another person     
D.the results will be worse than usual
67.What can we know from Paragraph 3?A
A.Parents should promote certain ideas to help children develop.
B.Children should be responsible for their discipline.
C.Children should help build a good family atmosphere.
D.No children will adapt to society without their parents'help.
68.The underlined part"the carrot"in Paragraph 4probably refers toA.
A.rewards    B.aims    C.apologies   D.doubts
69.According to the passage,Alfie Kohn would agree that parents shouldD.
A.pay no attention to the way their children do things
B.show their children how to behave by example
C.never punish their children
D.help their children establish good values
70.What's the best title for the passage?B
A.Do You Often Reward Your Children?
B.Should Parents Reward Their Children?
C.When Should Parents Reward Their Children?
D.What Can Parents Reward Their Children with?

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了家长要不要给孩子奖励的问题,家长应该提倡一些想法来帮助孩子发展.

解答 66.B.细节理解题.根据第二段Kids will often become more dutiful(忠实的,守本分的)B when threatened with punishment,可知当孩子受到惩罚的威胁他们可以表现得很乖;故选B.
67.A.推理判断题.根据该段第一句To develop responsible,self-disciplined kids,parents need to promote certain ideas.可知家长应该提倡一些想法来帮助孩子发展,故选A.
68.A.词义理解题.根据第四段but who aren't likely to continue the performance without the carrot hanging in front of them.可知此处carrot,代表的是奖品,奖励,故选A. 
69.D.细节理解题.根据Parents can help give their children a sense of shared responsibility and discipline which can last a life time.可知Alfie Kohn认为父母应该让孩子树立良好的价值观,故选D.
70.B.主旨大意题.根据文章So keep those shiny rewarding to yourself,and let your kids find their own rewards.可知本文探讨的是家长要不要给孩子奖励的问题,故选B.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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1.Summer camps for children of all ages are being offered in 2016by Extended Studies at the University of Nevada.Reno  (UNR).Registration for camp sessions (时间段) is available online and also by phone.
Kids University
June 16-August 1,2016.Kids University is a summer day camp for kids entering 2nd through 8th grades and features week-long camp sessions in the arts,writing,science,math,literature,history,web design,cultural exploration,sports and games,and many more.There are both full-day and half-day sessions.Fees (费用) are from 140-160per week.The phone numbers is (800)233-8926.Sessions are Monday through Friday,8a.m.to 5:30pm.
Wolf Pack Sports Camps
June-August,2016.Summer Wolf Pack Sports Camps are offered  for 9th  through  twelfth grade children.The camps are hosted by Nevada Wolf Pack coaching teachers and players.The sports offered include baseball,basketball,football,soccer,softball,track and field,and volleyball.Full-day,half-day,and overnight Wolf Pack camps are available.Time tables and fees vary with each camp.Visit Nevada Wolf Pack camps for details,session descriptions,and registration information,or call (775)784-4050.
Lake Tahoe Music Camp
July 6-12,2016.The 59th Lake Tahoe Music Camp invites middle school through high school student musicians to participate in a week of music-making,workshops,performances and fun,The camp is led by award-winning UNR teachers and local educators,professional jazz musicians and more.The fee is $550per camper.Information is available online or by calling (775)784-4046.
Learn more about other camp information like Girl Scout Camp,etc by calling (800)233-8928.Because of limited space,registrations are accepted on a first-come,first-served basis.
25.If a kid has many interests,he will probably participate inC
A.Wolf Pack Sports Camps       
B.Girl Scout Camp
C.Kids University              
D.Lake Tahoe Music Camp
26.It can be inferred from Wolf Pack Sports Camps thatC
A it lasts for a month    
B.it offers six kinds of sports
C.it is fit for kids who have time at night   
D.its fees are very high
27.The music camp will invite middle and high school studentsD
A.who only like to listen to music      
B.who have never learned music
C.whose dream is to become a musician   
D.who are expert in music
28.If you need the information about Girl Scout Camp,you'11callB.
A.(775)784-4050        
B.(800)233-8928
C.(775)784-4046
D.(800)233-8926.
16.Welcome to Oyster
Oyster is a smart card which can hold Pay as you go credit,Travelcard and Bus & Tram(有轨电车) Pass season tickets.It is the cheapest way for you to pay for single journeys on bus,Tube,tram,DLR,London Overground and most National Rail services in London.
Pay as you go on your Oyster card
Using Pay as you go is cheaper than paying cash for most journeys.
Daily limit
If you're unsure of the number of journeys you're going to make,Oyster pay is easy for you to use.Make as many journeys as you like and you'll never pay more than the daily limit for the zones you've travelled in.Daily limits are calculated over a 24-hour period,covering all the journeys starting between 4:30and 4:29the next day.There are different limits for different types of transport and times of day.
The system calculates the daily limit based on when and how you travel.Money will be taken away from your card each time you travel,until you reach a daily limit.This includes Pay as you go travel on bus,Tube,tram,London Overground and most National Rail services in London.River services and the Emirates Air Line do not contribute to your daily limit.For more information,visit tfl.gov.uk/oyster.
Season tickets on your Oyster card
You can buy Travelcards and Bus & Tram Passes on Oyster.With a Travelcard,you can travel as many times as you like on bus,Tube,London Overground and National Rail services on the dates,and across the travel zones you've paid for.Please ensure your Travelcard covers all the zones you travel through.If your Travelcard includes zone 3,4,5or 6,you can also use it on tram services.Bus & Tram Passes can be used on trams and London buses displaying the red roundel bus symbol on the dates you've paid for.The red roundel
When you first get an Oyster card,you will need to pay a£5refundable (可退款的) deposit.If you no longer need your Oyster card,we'll refund any remaining pay.Find out more at tfl.gov.uk/refunds.
56.What do we know about the daily limit?A
A.You'll stop paying once you reach the daily limit.
B.River services help contribute to your daily limit.
C.The daily limit is fixed no matter when you travel.
D.You'll pay more than the daily limit for your travel.
57.Season tickets includeC.
A.Oyster card and Travelcards.
B.Pay as you go and Travelcards
C.Travelcards and Bus & Tram Passes
D.Pay as you go and Bus & Tram Passes
58.Where is the text probably taken from?A
A.A brochure.B.A report.C.A novel.D.An essay.
13.The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past.With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphone,writing by hand has become something of nostalgic (怀旧的) skill.However,while today's educators are using more and more technology in their teaching,many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful-both in school and in life.
Virginia Berninger,professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington,says it's important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.
Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks-both on a computer and by hand.The study,published in 2009,found that when writing with a pen and paper,participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate.
In a more recent study,Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student's writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write."Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active which helps us access our vocabulary,word meaning and concepts.It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas."Berninger said.
Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe (转换)"those words in the mind into written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen,"the study said.Seeing the words in the"mind's eye"helps children not only to turn their ideas into words,says Berninger,but also to spot(发现)spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time.
"In our computer age,some people believe that we don't have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,"she said."But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level,they won't have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer."

56.What makes writing by hand a thing of the past?A
A.The use of new technologies in teaching.
B.The absence of blackboard in classroom.
C.The lack of practice in handwriting.
D.The popular use of smartphones.
57.Which of the following best shows the role of spelling?B
A.Spelling improves one's memory of words.
B.Spelling ability is closely related to writing ability.
C.Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas.
D.Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas.
58.What conclusion could be drawn from the passage?D
A.Functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade.
B.Computers can help people with their choice of words.
C.Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching.
D.Handwriting still has a place in today's classrooms.
20.A neighbourhood barbershop(理发店) might seem to some Americans like a thing of past.Today men often get their hair cut at the same salons as women.But the traditional barbershop still holds a special place in black culture.A barbershop is a place of trust where men can talk about things they might not want women to hear.This is why black-owned barbershops increasingly offer more than just a haircut.
Men also receive health education and testing that could save their life.A new study has examined the barbershop health-care model.The study involved about 1,300customers at 17black barbershops.Researchers had the barbers at eight of the shops continue to just give haircuts.The other barbers learned how to measure blood pressure and offered it with every haircut.If a customer had high blood pressure,the barber would intervene(干涉).The customer would be urged to see a doctor.Customers who went to a doctor would get their next haircut free of charge.The study lasted ten months.All the men had their blood pressure taken at the start.
The study found that blood pressure rates decreased at the shops where the barbers intervened and also at those where they did not.But the difference was in the amount,20% of the men who were urged to see a doctor got their blood pressure down to a healthy level.So did only 11% of the men who just got haircuts.Dr.Ronald Victor,the study leader,says barbers historically were members of the medical profession.So he thinks it makes a lot of sense for today's barbers to act as"health care extenders"by sharpening their skills.

56.What can customers do in a traditional black-owned barbershop?C
A.Communicate with others about black culture.
B.Get their hair cut in a special manner.
C.Share topics without being overheard by women.
D.Learn how to enjoy good health and long life.
57.How do barbers encourage patients to see their doctors?A
A.By offering free service next time.
B.By recommending qualified doctors to them.
C.By providing financial help for them.
D.By telling them the seriousness of their problems.
58.What did the study find?B
A.Most customers got their blood pressure down.
B.Barbers'intervention did help those customers.
C.Most customers didn't follow barbers'advice.
D.Barbers were qualified to work as doctors.
59.What does Dr.Victor most probably agree with?D
A.Barbers may achieve a degree in medicine.
B.Barbers can become medical workers.
C.Barbers may change their professions to doctors.
D.Barbers may contribute to the health of people.
60.What does the underlined word"sharpening"in Paragraph 3refer to?A
A.improving.
B.making something sharp.
C.showing.
D.performing.
10.CThe iPhone,the iPad,each of Apple's products sounds cool and has become a fashion.Apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter"i"-and many other brands are following suit.The BBC's iPlayer-which allows Web users to watch TV programs on the Internet-adopted the title in 2008.A lovely bear-popular in the US and UK-that plays music and video is called"iTeddy".A slimmed down version of London's Independent newspaper was launched last week under the name"i".
In general,single-letter prefixes have been popular since the 1990s,when terms such as e-mail and e-commerce first came into use.
Most"i"products are targeted at young people and considering the major readers of Independent"i",it's no surprise that they've selected this fashionable name.
But it's hard to see what's so special about the letter"i".Why not use"a","b",or"c"?According to Tony Thorne,head of the Language Center at King's College,London,"i"works because its meaning has become ambiguous.When Apple uses"i",no one knows whether it means Internet,information,individual or interactive,Thorne told BBC Magazines."Even when Apple created the iPad,it seems it didn't have one clear definition."He says.
"However,thanks to Apple,the term is now associated with portability(轻便)."Adds Thorne.
Clearly the letter"i"also agrees with the idea that the Western World is centered on the individual.Each person believes they have their own needs,and they love personalized products for this reason.
Along with"Google"and"blog",readers of BBC Magazines voted"i"as one of the top 20 words that have come to define the last decade.
But as history shows,people grow tired of fashion.From the 1900s to 1990s,products with"2000"in their names became fashionable as the year was associated with all things advanced and modern.However,as we entered the new century,the trend disappeared.
61.People use iPlayer toD.
A.listen to music   B.make a call  C.read newspapers  D.watch TV programs online
62.We can infer that the Independent"i"is aimed atC.
A.fashionable women       B.old readers     C.young readers    D.engineers
63.The underlined word"ambiguous"in Paragraph 4 meansB.
A.popular      B.uncertain      C.definite       D.unique
64.The writer suggests thatA.
A.the popularity of"i"products may not last long       
B.iTeddy is a live bear
C.the letter"b"replaces letter"i"to name the products  
D."i"products are often of high quality
65.Nowadays,the"i"term often reminds people of the products which areA.
A.portable        B.environmentally friendly     C.advanced      D.recyclable.
17.Since 1989University of Phoenix Online offered online degree programs to working adults around the country.You attend classes whenever and wherever you want via the Internet for complete flexibility(机动性) and convenience.
Earn your degree via the Internet for more career opportunities and higher income potential(潜在的) with University of Phoenix Online.
Many of our students complete their degree in about 2to 3years.With over 99000online students,University of Phoenix Online has one of the most successful online degree programs in the country.
There is no need for residency(居住) in the United States,since 100% of the coursework is done online.
Bachelor's Degree Admission Requirements:
●A high school diploma(毕业文凭) or equivalent.
●Student must be 21years of age or older.
●A minimum score of 550on the paper-based exam or 213on the computer-based exam of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOFEL) for non-native speakers of English.
●Current employment or access to an organizational environment.
Master's Degree Admission Requirements:
●A regionally accredited US bachelor's degree or equivalent.
●A cumulative undergraduate GPA of 2.5or better
●Three years significant working experience.
●A minimum score of 550on the paper-based exam or 213on the computer-based exam of the Test of English as Foreign Language (TOFEL) for non-native speakers of English.
●Current employment or access to an organizational environment.
For further information,please click www.Uophx.edu.

28.The passage isB.
A.a story        B.an ad         C.a piece of news       D.a fable
29.Which of the following conditions is a must if you want to earn either of the two online degrees?C
A.You have to rent an apartment in the United States.
B.You must be at least 21years old.
C.You must take part in an exam of English language if you are a non-native English speaker.
D.You must be employed and have a few years'working experience.
30.Who will not apply for the program?D
A.Those who are not English native speakers.
B.Those who want better income.
C.Those who are adults.
D.Those who will go to the States to study.
31.What's the main advantage of the program?A
A.Courses online.   B.It costs little.
C.It's free.       D.No entrance exams.
14.Every human being has a unique(唯一的,独特的) arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable.Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children,though nobody knows why this is the case.
 The ridge structure on a person's fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries.Burns,cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one,which bears a reproduction of the original(最粗的,原始的) pattern.It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed.Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.
 Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer's ink.They can by recorded easily.With special methods,identification(辨认,鉴定) can be achieved successfully within a short time.Because of the simplicity and economy of this system,finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case.A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain.His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.
 When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime,they are difficult to detect with the naked eye.Special techniques are used to"develop"them.Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained.
55.Scientists and experts have proved that the pattern of a human being's finger skinD.
A.is similar to his mother's                          
B.is valuable to himself only
C.is like that of others with the same type of blood       
D.is different from that of all others
56.If your fingers are wounded by knife,fire or other means,the structure of skin willC.
A.be changed partly                                 
B.be replaced by a different one
C.be the same when the wound is recovered              
D.become ugly
57.Some criminals remove their own finger-prints byB.
A.using printer's ink                                
B.injuring the inner skin
C.damaging the outer skin                           
D.damaging the color
58.Finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case because itB.
A.is complicated but reliable                         
B.is simple and not expensive
C.is expensive but easy to do                          
D.can bring a lot of money.
15.Sir Steven Redgrave
Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals
"In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes(糖尿病).Believing my career was over,I felt extremely low.Then one of the specialists said there was to no reason why I should stop training and competing.That was it-the encouragement I needed.I could still be a winner if I believed in myself.I am not saying that it isn't difficult sometimes.But I wanted to prove to myself that I wasn't finished yet.Nothing is to stand in my way."
Karen Pickering
Swimming World Champion
"I swim 4 hours a day,6 days a week.I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary.This is the key to success-you can't follow a career in any field without being well-organized.List what you believe you can achieve.Trust yourself,write down your goals for the day,however small they are,and you'll be a step closer to achieving them."
Kirsten Best
Poet & Writer
"When things are getting hard,a voice inside my head tells me that I can't achieve something.Then,there are other distractions,such as family or hobbies.The key is to concentrate.When I feel tense,it helps a lot to repeat words such as‘calm',‘peace'or‘focus',either out loud or silently in my mind.It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence.This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is a powerful psychological(心理的) tool"
63.What does Sir Steven Redgrave mainly talk about?D
A.Difficulties influenced his career.
B.Specialists offered him medical advice.
C.Training helped him defeat his disease.
D.He overcame the shadow of illness to win.
64.What does Karen Pickering put on top of her diary?A
A.Her training schedule.B.Her daily happenings.
C.Her achievements.D.Her sports career.
65.What does the underlined word"distractions"probably refer to?C
A.Ways that help one to focus.
B.Words that help one to feel less tense.
C.Activities that turn one's attention away.
D.Habits that make it hard for one to relax.
66.According to the passage,what do the three people have in common?D
A.Courage.B.Devotion.C.Hard work.D.Self-confidence.

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