Advice to “sleep on it could be well founded, scientists say．After a good night’s sleep a problem that couldn’t be solved the night before can often appear more manageable, although the evidence u 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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Advice to “sleep on it” could be well founded, scientists say．After a good night’s sleep a problem that couldn’t be solved the night before can often appear more manageable, although the evidence until now has been anecdotal （个人体验的）．But researchers at the University of Luebek in Germany have designed an experiment that shows a good night’s sleep can improve insight （顿悟） and problem-solving．

“If you have some newly-got memories in your brain, sleep acts on these memories and restructures them , so that after sleep the insight into problem which you could not solve before increases,” said Dr Jan Born , a neuroscientist （神经科学家）, at the university．To test the theory, they taught volunteers two simple rules to help them turn a string of numbers into a new order．There was also a third, hidden rule, which could help them increase their speed in solving the problem．The researchers divided the volunteers into two groups: half were allowed to sleep after the training while the rest were forced to stay awake．Dr Jan Born and his team noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as likely to figure out the third rule as the other group．“Sleep helped,” Born said in a telephone interview．“The important thing is that you have to have a memory representation in your brain of the problem you want to solve and then you sleep, so it can act on the problem．” But Born admitted that he and his team don’t know how restructuring of memories occurs or what governs it．Pierre Maquet and Perrine Ruby of the University of Liege in Belgium said the experimental evidence supports the anecdotal suggestions that sleep can help develop creative thinking．Although the role of sleep in human creativity will still be a mystery, the research gives people good reason to fully respect their periods of sleep, they added．

1．The underlined phrase “sleep on it” in Paragraph 1 probably means ．

A．to delay deciding something until the next day

B．to get as much sleep as possible

C．to go on sleeping without being disturbed

D．to sleep till after the time you usually get up in the morning

2．Jan Born and his team carried out the experiment through _____．

A．comparison B．interview C．survey D．imagination

3．It can be inferred from the passage that ______．

A．people should sleep so long as they have time

B．sleep is the only way to solve hard problems

C．people have various periods of sleep

D．people know how sleep reconstructs memories

4．What would be the best title for the passage?

A．How Sleep Works B．Sleep Helps Solve Problems

C．No Evidence, But Well Founded D．Born’s Discovery On Sleep

AACB

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阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
It was 4 o’clock in the morning, when I received the phone call.
“This is the emergency room calling and your son was just   1  in with severe burns on his face, neck and arms. We’ve called for a (n)   2  and are going to fly him to the burn unit in Seattle.”
Seattle was 350 miles from his college, so we knew immediately this was   3 .
The doctor described the accident, which caused the burns. At 6 am, our son and his friends decided to barbecue hamburgers. When they   4  the charcoal (木炭), it burst into flames because they had sprayed (喷洒) too much gasoline (petrol). The flames   5  my son’s shirt tail and shot from his waist to his head.
6 , one of the boys was quick-minded, grasped my son, and rolled him on the grass. While it saved his life, it was not in   7  to save him from severe burns and the terrible scars (伤疤). So, he had to return to college with scars.
When I was a child, my mother told my sister, who had a 10-inch, very   8  scar on her arm. “Ann, if you ignore the scar, other people will ignore it. It doesn’t mean they won’t   9  it, but it means it will not matter to them if it doesn’t matter to you.”
I   10  this wisdom (智慧) on to my son. He took my advice to   11  and returned to school with his head held high — glad he was alive.
By the end of the six-month waiting period, he decided that the scars did not matter, so he made the   12  to give up any plastic surgery (外科手术).
We all have “scars” that   13  people to keep away from us. And we spend a lot of time thinking that if only we looked differently, or dressed differently, people would like us better.
But you see, people will only judge you by your looks, or your clothes, if you are judging yourself by these same   14  standards(标准). Put your imperfections out of your   15  and concentrate (集中) on what you value within yourself, and your beauty will shine through.

The other day I heard a few local musicians talking:
“ I hate all the terrible pianos in this town. I hate that rubbish they play on the radio. They can’t even understand a bit of music.”
“ I’m never playing in that club again. Too many drunks and nobody listens to us.”
But a younger musician said, “There are a few clubs that book my band a few nights a month, and I’m trying to find other places to play. I’m also looking to book a few summer festivals this year.”
I’ve heard that you are the average of the five people you spend the most time with, or to put it another way, you are who your friends are.
Attitudes are important. Whether they are positive(积极的) or negative (消极的)，they are rubbing off on you. If you are around people who complain about lack of work and about other musicians, or blame others, and you play the role of victim(受害者) , chances are you will start as well. So it’s time to take a look at the people you call “friends”.
This is an easy exercise: make a list of the people who you hand out with, and simply stop spending time with the negative people on your list. Set a new standard for yourself and don’t become friends with people who fall below that standard.
Keep successful people around you and your own chances for success will be much better. Ask them how they do it. Ask if they will help you get the work you’re looking for, or maybe give you some advice to help you on your career(职业) path.”
【小题1】Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A．A friend in need is a friend indeed

B．How to make friendship last for ever

C．You are who your friends are

D．Friends are the most important in one’s success

【小题2】The underlined sentence “ rubbing off on you” means ________ .

A．They’ll push you ahead	B．They will influence(影响) you
C．They’ll cover your shortcomings	D．They will help you achieve your goal

【小题3】The musicians’ words at the beginning are written mainly to show _______ .

A．the musician’s living conditions are quite poor

B．People have poor taste in music

C．People have different attitudes towards the same thing.

D．Young people have greater chances of succeeding

【小题4】By taking the exercise mentioned in Paragraph 7 , you can _______ .

A．improve a lot in making more friends

B．come to the right way of making friends

C．develop a better friendship with your friends

D．arrange the time with your friends properly

【小题5】The passage is mainly written for ________ .

A．musicians

B．managers

C．negative people

D．people wanting to succeed

Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self- respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” help you create this life of good feelings.

Here’s an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.

Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerk’s mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.

Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness?

In the first case, where we don’t tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot lie trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk's attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.

There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it’s easy to think and act honorably again when we're happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it's started, it’s easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.

1.According to the passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our___.

A. self-respect B. financial rewards C. advertising ability D. friendly relationship

2.The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to___.

A. lying B. stealing C. cheating D. advertising

3.The phrase “bringing the error to the clerk’s attention”(in Para. 5) means___.

A. telling the truth to the clerk B. offering advice to the clerk

C. asking the clerk to be more attentive D. reminding the clerk of the charged item

4.How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake?

A. We’ll be very excited. B. We’ll feel unfortunate.

C. We’ll have a sense of honor. D. We’ll feel sorry for the clerk.

5.Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?

A. How to Live Truthfully B. Importance of Peacefulness

C. Ways of Gaining Self-respect D. Happiness through Honorable Actions

My son was badly hurt in a fire. After he 36 from a series of treatments, the doctors told him they would not do any operation for six months 37 it took long for the skin to stop shrinking (收缩). So, he had to return to college with a visible 10-inch 38 on his face.

I said to my son, “Keaton, 39 will pay any more attention to your scar 40 you do. If it does not bother you, it will not bother 41 .” He took my advice to heart and returned to school with his head 42 high — glad he was alive.

43 , everyone has scars and shortcomings. Some of you may spend much time thinking that people would like you better, 44 you looked different, or dressed differently, or could have a different and newer 45 .

But you see, like Keaton’s scar, people will only judge you by your looks, or your 46 , or your car, if you are judging yourself by these same false 47 .

One of my friends in college was very 48 . At first, when people met him, they noticed his 49 for about 10 seconds. This man felt 50 about himself and spent most of his time 51 about other people’s comfort and welfare(幸福). 52 , people ignored his looks. What people 53 was his kindness and his concern for them. He didn’t act in an ugly way so people didn’t treat him as an ugly man.

Therefore, concentrate on what you value 54 yourself, because if you can see that beautiful person, everyone you are in contact with will see the same 55 .

1.A. cured B. recovered C. improved D. returned

2.A. because B. though C. until D. before

3.A. cut B. wound C. injure D. scar

4.A. no one B. anyone C. everyone D. someone

5.A. as B. like C. than D. when

6.A. another B. others C. all D. us

7.A. put B. held C. taken D. hung

8.A. After all B. In conclusion C. In fact D. Above all

9.A. as long as B. if C. even if D. as if

10.A. house B. telephone C. job D. car

11.A. clothes B. hairstyle C. figure D. salary

12.A. means B. standards C. comments D. rules

13.A. smart B. optimistic C. rude D. ugly

14.A. manners B. expressions C. looks D. actions

15.A. lucky B. worried C. good D. sad

16.A. inquiring B. asking C. knowing D. caring

17.A. Completely B. Gradually C. Obviously D. Suddenly

18.A. wanted B. understood C. brought D. saw

19.A. within B. beyond C. except D. above

20.A. kindness B. concern C. beauty D. perfection

The other day I heard a few local musicians talking:

“I hate all the terrible pianos in this town. I hate that rubbish they play on the radio. They can’t even understand a bit of music.”

“I’m never playing in that club again. Too many drunks and nobody listens to us.”

But, one younger musician said, “There are a few clubs that book my band a few nights a month, and I’m trying to find other places to play. I’m also looking to book a few summer festivals this year.”

I’ve heard that you are the average of the five people whom you spend the most time with, or to put it another way, you are who your friends are.

Attitudes are important. Whether they’re positive or negative, they’re rubbing off on you. If you’re around people who complain about lack of work and about other musicians, or blame (责怪) others, and you play the role of victim (受害者), chances are you will start to as well. So it’s time to take a look at the people you call “friends”.

This is an easy exercise: Make a list of the people who you hang out with, and simply stop spending time with the negative people on your list. Set a new standard (标准) for yourself and don’t become friends with people who fall below that standard.

Keep successful people around you and your own chances for success will be much better. Ask them how they do it. Ask if they will help you get the work you’re looking for, or maybe give you some advice to help you on your career path.

1.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

A．A friend in need is a friend indeed

B．How to make friendship last for ever

C．You are who your friends are

D．Friends are the most important in one’s success

2.The underlined sentence “they’re rubbing off on you” in Paragraph 6 means ______.

A．they’ll push you ahead B．they’ll influence you

C．they’ll cover your shortcomings D．they’ll help you achieve your goal

3.The musicians’ words at the beginning are written mainly to show ______.

A．the musicians’ living conditions are quite poor

B．people have poor taste in music

C．people have different attitudes towards the same thing

D．young people have greater chances of succeeding

4.By taking the exercise mentioned in Paragraph 7, you can ______.

A．improve a lot in making more friends

B．come to the right way of making friends

C．develop a better relationship with your friends

D．arrange the time with your friends properly

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