题目内容

15.There are a couple of ways to forecast the destructive potential of a hurricane (飓风) so that people in the way can take adequate precautions (预防措施).Satellite images of cloud patterns can be analyzed to estimate peak wind speeds,but the estimates are often way off the mark.Specialized aircraft can fly into a storm to measure the winds directly,but the flights are costly.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology come up with a third way:listening to a storm underwater.
In a paper to be published in Geophysical Research Letters,Nicholas C.Makris and a former graduate student,Joshua D.Wilson,report a strong connection between the intensity (强度) of sound recorded by an undersea microphone in the mid-Atlantic and the wind power of a hurricane that passed over it.They say that such microphones,known as hydrophones,could be a safe and relatively inexpensive means of estimating hurricane force.
Dr.Makris and Dr.Wilson,who are now with Applied Physical Sciences Corporation,worked out the theory of underwater acoustic (声音的) monitoring of storms in a 2005paper."To be very frank with you,it's a mystery what makes storms noisy underwater."Dr.Makris said.The most popular idea currently is that it has something to do with oscillating air bubbles (气泡振动).
The researchers then went looking for experimental data to back their theory,and found it from a hydrophone placed at a depth of 2,500feet by the National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration.It happened that Hurricane Gert passed over the area in September 1999,and a hurricane-hunter plane directly measured the wind speed at the same time.The hydrophone data showed sound intensity rising when the storm's outside wind"wall"passed over,and again when the inside wall,the most destructive part of the storm near the eye,passed over."We got a beautiful connection,"Dr.Makris said,"between the hydrophone data and the actual wind speeds as measured by the aircraft."
Dr.Makris is conducting additional experiments,working with the Mexican Navy off the west coast of Mexico.The eventual goal,he said,would be permanent hydrophones in known hurricane zones or temporary ones that could be easily laid by plane or ship in the path of a coming storm.

72.Compared with the traditional methods,the new way of measuring isC.
A.more expensive            B.more direct
C.less dangerous            D.less accurate
73.Which statement is WRONG according to the article?B
A.The scientists gained support from different fields.
B.Dr.Makris and Dr.Wilson have figured out what makes storms noisy underwater.
C.The scientists have found the relationship between the changes of sound intensity and the force of the hurricane.
D.There are several ways for people to forecast the force of the coming hurricane.
74.Why is Dr.Makris now making other experiments with the help of the Mexican Navy off the west coast of Mexico?A
A.To place permanent hydrophones in some zones.
B.To collect more images of cloud patterns.
C.To be secure in carrying out their experiments.
D.To get more information from the hurricane-hunter planes.
75.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?D
A.Ways to Stop the Destructive Force of a Hurricane
B.Connection between the Intensity of Sound and the Wind Power of a Hurricane
C.Hydrophones,Safe but Expensive Means of Estimating Hurricane Force
D.Measuring a Hurricane by Sound Underwater.

分析 文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院的研究人员研究出了新的相对安全的检测风暴方法,在水下安装监听器来观测暴风来临时产生的巨大水声.这一成果目前已经展开了应用.

解答 72.C.细节理解题.由第二段 a safe and relatively inexpensive means of estimating hurricane force可知,这种新的方式安全,相对低成本,故选C.
73.B.理解判断题.由第三段it's a mystery what makes storms noisy underwater,可知在水下风暴会有噪音是一个谜团,科学家还没有发现它们之间的联系,B选项错误,故选B.
74.A.细节理解题.由最后一段The eventual goal,he said,would be permanent hydrophones in known hurricane zones or temporary ones 可知他们额外实验的最终目的是在一些地区安放永久性水听器.故选A.
75.D.主旨大意题.文章主要介绍了一种在水下安装监听器来检测风暴的新型方法.故选D.

点评 科教类阅读难度比一般阅读较大,它存在的生词比较多,因此考生应当综合略读、跳读和查读,猜词等阅读技巧来做题,平时也应加强练习.

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One afternoon,while driving through a quiet suburban (郊外的) neighborhood I was so sad that I kept asking myself"Why has my life become so hard?""What's wrong with the world?"Then I pulled over the bus to drop off (让…下车) a little girl and as she passed she handed me a pretty earring,saying she found it on the floor of the bus and I should keep it in case(以防)the owner came to look for it.
In the evening,the owner did come to look for her earring.When I handed it to her,she got very excited and continued saying"Thanks,you're a real gentleman."I told her that she should thank the little girl who had found it.She said,"Yes,and you are a good driver,too.What a lovely world it is!"Then she left with satisfaction.I was touched by her last words.I had thought something was wrong with the world just because of my poor condition.In fact,nothing was wrong with the world.I should change my attitude towards life.I should be positive about life.
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21.We know from the second paragraph thatB.
A.the author cried while driving that afternoon
B.a girl picked up an earring before getting off
C.there was only one passenger on the bus
D.the girl gave the author an earning as a gift
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A.what the earring owner said moved him
B.he didn't want to be a driver any more
C.his friends helped him become positive
D.he was offered a better job in a hospital
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A.surprised      
B.disappointed      
C.shocked     
D.delighted
24.What does the author want to show in this passage?C
A.Lost things should be returned to the owner.
B.Life is usually hard for the young at the beginning.
C.One should hold a positive attitude towards life.
D.It is not easy to find a good job nowadays.
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MOOCs add to a tradition of what is known as (3)C learning.For years,many colleges have offered classes that are taught (4)Cor mostly online.MOOCs are available in subjects like computer science or engineering,which work quite well.But can MOOCs in subjects like arts be as (5)B as the old teaching approach?
Scott Anderson teaches philosophy at the University of British Columbia in Canada.He sees both good and (6)Bsides to MOOCs."There are parts that will be fine,mostly when students listen to a (7)A,there is no special reason why they need to be (8)Apresent to hear and get it,"says Mr.Anderson.Increased numbers of students in MOOCs can mean (9)C communication between them and teachers.He says two ways to deal with this are by adding more teachers and (10)Dup online discussion groups.
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1. A.cutB.acceptC.giveD.take
2. A.computerB.telephoneC.televisionD.radio
3. A.constantB.similarC.distantD.creative
4. A.rarelyB.merelyC.partlyD.equally
5. A.expensiveB.effectiveC.sensitiveD.active
6. A.wrongB.hadC.rightD.positive
7. A.lectureB.chatC.debateD.contest
8. A.physicallyB.spirituallyC.mentallyD.commercially
9. A.betterB.moreC.lessD.fewer
10.A.gettingB.lookingC.makingD.setting
11.A.obtainedB.lostC.exposedD.preferred
12.A.carefulB.basicC.attentiveD.interactive
13.A.turnedB.takenC.missedD.removed
14.A.ideaB.formC.valueD.habit
15.A.togetherB.alongC.outdoorsD.again
10.Moral science is taught as a subject in most schools but with little effect.Perhaps part of the problem lies in the fact that morality(道德)is not a science,strictly speaking.It is too much of a social phenomenon,and also has too much of the personal and subjective(主观的)things mixed within.Besides,morality itself changes with generations.So it is impossible to be defined in a textbook.
    I remember sitting through forty minutes of moral lessons,which told stories about little children who never told lies and were rewarded for their goodness.It had little effect and left no impression on me,though.
    If moral science has to be taught as a subject in schools,it needs a participatory(参与其中的)approach.When you tell a child about morals,you also have to deal with social norms(规范)and cultural differences.You have to explain that morality can be subjective,and be able to co-exist in society.You will probably have to refer to the morals of the present time.
    The best way to tell a child how to live is to show him what is valued.If a child likes his friend,you have to make the child think about why.Once the child notices and recognizes goodness in others,he or she is likely to develop it as well.
    In fact,children learn most of their morals by watching people around them.They absorb behavior patterns from teachers and older students.They watch to see what is rewarded and who is punished.They learn on the sports field and through social work.Moral science lessons should simply consist of letting them live and interact,and watch you support correct values and reward good behavior.

67.Which is NOT the reason that moral science is taught in schools but with little effect?D
  A.Morality doesn't strictly belong to a science
  B.Morality is more like a social phenomenon.
  C.Different generations have different moral ideas.
  D.Morality can't be written down in textbooks.
68.The author describes his own experience of having moral lessons in order toC
  A.explain telling lies is not moral for little children.
  B.advise people should be rewarded for their goodness.
  C.prove moral lessons in schools have little effect.
  D.show he has no opinions about moral science.
69.When you tell a child about morals,you shouldB.
  A.teach him to share personal moral ideas with others
  B.tell him about social norms and cultural differences
  C.explain that nobody can influence his moral ideas.
  D.say that the present morals are likely to be changed
70.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A.
  A.The best way of teaching children about morals.
  B.The value of teachers'setting a good example
  C.The influence of people's behavior on morals.
  D.The importance of rewarding good behavior.
20.An American educational expert,Frederick M.Hess says that a long summer vacation doesn't make sense in today's world.
    This summer,50 million kids will spend much time talking online,watching TV,plsying video games and asking older brothers or sisters to take them to the supermarket.They will also be putting their academic futures at risk.
    During much of the 20th century,many Americans worked in factories that did not need a college degree but still offered a high salary.Also,in the 19th century,there was no air condition.And poor hygiene(卫生)meant that crowded schools had health risks.
    Things have changed.For today's students,academic skills are key to future success..many nations don't give kids an American-style summer vacation.They offer no more than seven consecutive(连续的)weeks of vacation.Most American school districts offer up to 13 weeks.To compete in global marketplace,Americans must be prepared to go up against international competitors.
    Summer vacation also causes challenges for today's families.In the 1960s,more than 60% of families had a stay-at-home mum.Now,two-thirds of American children live families where every adult works.For these families,summer vacation can be more burden than break.Someone must watch the kids.
    But the biggest problem may be how summer vacation hurts academic achievement.Scientist have found that disadvantaged students lose important ground in the summertime.
    A school year can allow time-limited teachers to conduct richer and more imaginative lessons.Schools would have more time for sports,languages,music and the arts.

64.Before the 20th century,a long summer vacation mightC.
    A.cause career failure for Americans   B.reduce income for Americans
    C.reduce health risks for students     D.cause loss in global market for America
65.We can know that an American-style summer vacationC.
    A.lasts no more than two months    B.lasts less than three months
    C.lasts as long as three months    D.lasts as long as four months
66.According to the text,who will benefit from a long school year?A
    A.American students,teachers and parents.
    B.American students,parents and shop owners.
    C.American students,parents and international competitors.
    D.American students,teachers and international competitors.
67.How many reasons did the writer give to support his/her opinion?D
    A.One.  B.Two.  C.Three.  D.Four.
7.An African-born British scientist received an environment research prize for show-ing how bees can be used to reduce conflict between people and elephants.Lucy King's work proved that beehive(峰房)"fences"can keep elephants out of African farmers'fields.The animals are scared of bees,which can bite them inside their long noses,and flee when they hear buzzing(蜂鸣声).
Dr King's work offers an intelligent solution to an age-old challenge,while providing further confirmation of the importance of bees to people and a really clever way of preserving the world's largest land animal for current and future generations.Working in Kenya,Dr King and her team showed that more than 90% of elephants will flee when they hear the sounds of buzzing bees.Afterwards,they also found that elephants produce a special sound to warn their fellows of the danger.They used the findings to construct barriers where beehives are woven into a fence,keeping the elephants away from places where people live and grow food.
 A two-year project involving 34 farms showed that elephants trying to go through the fences would shake them,disturbing the bees.Later,the fences were adopted by farming communities in three Kenyan districts--who also made increased amounts of money from selling honey.
As Africa's population grows,competition for space between people and elephants is becoming more serious,and there are fatalities on both sides.The same is true in parts of Asia.Sri Lanka alone sees the deaths of all estimated 60 people and 200 elephants each year from conflict.
Lucy King now wants to see whether the Kenyan technique will work in other parts of Africa--and perhaps,eventually,in Asia.

61.The underlined part in Paragraph 1 means the same asC
A.intelligent solution to an age-old challenge.
B.confirmation of the importance of bees to people
C.competition for space between people and elephants    
D.way of preserving the world's largest land animal
62.Which of the following orders of events correctly shows how Dr King's project works?B
①Beehive fences are built around a Farm.
②Elephants hear the buzzing and run away.
③Bees are disturbed and fly out of the beehives.
④Elephants trying to enter the farm shake the fences.
A.①→②→③→④B.①→④→③→②
C.④→③→②→①D.①→②→④→③
63.Dr King's solution is described as"intelligent"becauseD.
A.it successfully keeps elephants out of African farmers'fields
B.the fences Were adopted by farming communities in three Kenyan districts
C.more than 90% of elephants flee when they hear the sounds of buzzing bees
D.it protects crops.produces honey and preserves the dephant at the same time
64.The underlined word"fatalities"in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning toA.
A deaths    B.communities    C.population    D.fences
65.Which of the following is true according to the passage?D
A.Dr king was born in Britain.
B.Most elephants scare bees.
C.The technique has proved to work well in Asia,too.
D.Conflicts between people and elephants are rather serious.
4.TOKYO-Lonely astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) may soon be getting a robot friend from Japan.
Japan's space agency is considering putting a talking humanoid (有人的特点的) robot on the ISS to watch the work while astronauts are asleep,monitor their health and stress levels and communicate to Earth through the micro-blogging site Twitter.
Japan's space agency JAXA announced this week that it is looking at a plan to send a humanoid robot to the space station in 2013 that could communicate with the ground through Twitter-primarily feeding photos,rather than original ideas-and provide astronauts with"comfort and companionship".
Following up on US NASA's"Robonaut"R-2 program,which is set for launch on the Discovery shuttle next week,the Japanese robot would be part of a larger effort to create and refine robots that can be used by the elderly,JAXA said in a statement.
Japan is one of the leading countries in robotics and has a rapidly aging society with one of the world's longest life expectancies.
Improving robot communication capabilities could help elderly people on Earth by providing a nonintrusive (无干扰的) means of monitoring the robot owner's health and vital signs and sending information to emergency responders if there is an abnormality,JAXA said.
"We are thinking in terms of a very human-like robot that would have facial expressions and be able to talk with the astronauts,"said JAXA's Satoshi Sano.
The robot was being developed with the advertising and communications giant Dentsu Inc and a team at Tokyo University.
The NASA project has a human-like head,hands and arms and uses the same tools as station crew members.The"Robonaut"called R-2 is intended to carry out maintenance tasks in the station's Destiny lab.
NASA says it hopes that humanoid robots could one day stand in for astronauts during spacewalks or perform tasks too difficult or dangerous for humans.
For now,the﹩2.5 million NASA robot is limited to activities within the lab.

60.According to the passage,a humanoid robot,put on the ISS,shall carry out the tasks exceptD.
A.take care of the ISS sometimes 
B.keep an eye on the health of the astronauts
C.keep in contact with Earth
D.get a friend for astronauts from Japan
61.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage?A
A.The robot program will eventually benefit the elderly.
B.R-2 program is in the charge of Japan's JAXA.
C.NASA is planning to communicate with the space station through Twitter.
D.Japan has the largest number of elderly people.
62.From the passage we can knowB.
A.many Japanese universities joined in the robot program
B.future astronauts will become less lonely and more comfortable with the help of the robot
C.robots could completely take the place of human astronauts in the future
D.the robot program,having cost﹩2.5 million,can carry out all tasks.

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