题目内容

16.Have you ever wondered why our Easter celebrations include bunnies,brightly colored eggs,baskets filled with bite-size candy,and a banquet of ham or lamb?In fact,most of our Easter traditions are rooted in Christian faith and early religions.Here's a brief history lesson on customs.
Easter Bunny(复活节兔子)
The Easter Bunny-a.k.a Osterhase(German)or Oschter Haws(Dutch)-made its U.S.debut when German and Dutch settlers arrived in colonial Pennsylvania villages during the1700s.Pre-Christian Germans honored an Anglo-Saxon goddess,Eostre,who represented the rising of a new sun season.It's believed that she had a hare as a companion that represented fertility(生育力)and rebirth.
Easter Basket
Similar to the meaning of leaving cookies for Santa on Christmas Eve,children would leave homemade nests in which the Easter Bunny could lay its colored eggs.Over time,this tradition turned into decorated Easter baskets filled with fake grass,chocolate candy and jellybcans.
Easter Eggs
Christians(基督徒)don't eat meat and eggs for 40days in preparation for spiritual update.On Easter Sunday,red colored eggs decorated tables to promote the joy of a new season and represent Jesus'blood on the cross.The colored egg tradition may also have roots in spring festivals,in which eggs were decorated,colored and exchanged as celebrations of spring.
Ham
You know block-eyed peas bring luck on New Year's Day,but what if we told you a pig had much the same effect?The pig was considered a symbol of luck in pre-Christian Europe,and early Christians were said to have continued this tradition,making it the centre of meals on significant holidays like Christmas and Easter.
If we took a poll on eating ham or lamb on Easter,we'd likely be a country divided.

21.What does the passage mainly focus on?C
A.Easter presents.    
B.Easter beliefs.
C.Easter customs.
D.Easter food.
22.Why do people exchange colored eggs on Easter Festival?A
A.To welcome the coming of spring.
B.To attract visitors.
C,To decorate tables.
D.To invite Santa Claus.
23.What did"the pig"represent in pre-Christian Europe?B
A.Good effect.  
B.Luck.  
C.Old tradition.
D.Easter culture.

分析 本文为广告应用文,介绍了复活节习俗的简单起源.

解答 21---23 CAB
21.答案C.主旨大意题.根据第一段"Here's a brief history lesson on customs"可知,本文将介绍复活节习俗的简要历史.故选C.
22.答案A.细节理解题.根据Easter Eggs部分的"eggs were decorated,colored and exchanged as celebrations of spring."可知,人们交换彩蛋是为庆祝春天的到来.故选A.
23.答案B.词义猜测题.根据倒数第二段"The pig was considered a symbol of luck in pre-Christian Europe,and early Christians were said to have continued this tradition,making it the centre of meals on significant holidays like Christmas and Easter"可知,猪在基督教前的欧洲是幸运的象征.故选B.

点评 高考英语应用文阅读的常见的考查题型有:细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题及猜测词义题等.解题技巧如下:1.题干定位法.先阅读题干,然后根据问题的要求,按照题目顺序依次有针对性地结合题干中的关键词到文中定位,阅读相关部分并快速寻找有效信息.再将原文和选项进行比较.当问题与原文材料相同的时候,对号入座;如果问题与原文不同.则可以同义替换、归纳事实等. 2.补全成分法.省略词和省略旬在应用文中大量出现.对于影响语境理解的省略情况.我们应将省略句补全,从而更加准确地理解其意思. 3.信息再加工法.此方法主要用于词义或句意推测题.以及涉及数字转换的判断推理题.此类题目需要考生对原文相关信息作正确理解,并通过推理判断或是计算.对信息进行再加工.这个理解可能牵涉到对某一句话或某哆句子的理解.考生在理解其意义时.一定要捕捉到关键性的词. 4.排除法.排除法在应用文阅读巾使用也比较多.考生可以根据题干中的关键词.找准相关句、段的内容.再仔细对照,排除于文章内容不一致的错误信息,从而确定选项.考生要注意根据所提问题采用寻读、跳读的方法.这样往往可以达到事半功倍的效果.

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7.DeWitt and Lila Wallace published their first issue of Reader's Digest (文摘)in 1922.Working out of their Greenwich Village apartment,the Wallaces edited the magazine and printed 5,000copies.Since then,the Reader's Digest Association(集团)(RDA),Inc.has become one of the world's most famous publishers and direct marketers.
Reader's Digest,the largest-selling magazine in the world,now appears in 50 editions and 21 languages,following new products during the past year in Romania,Slovenia and Croatia.The magazine is sold in more than 60countries.
The company also reaches millions of consumers through more than 25 other magazines,including Every Day with Rachael Ray.Each year,the company publishes about 50million books,including the popular Select Editions series and offerings in the do-it-yourself,cooking,health,gardening and children's titles; music; and videos and audio books.These are sold in different ways,including direct mail,display marketing,direct response television and the Internet.
The company has built a world customer market that is among the world's largest.RDA also increases its customer reach by working with a number of partners around the world.
The RDA went public in 1990,offering common stock(股票) on the New York Stock Exchange.On March 3,2007,a group led by Ripplewood Holdings L.L.C.bought RDA,causing the company to be privately (私人)owned again after 17years till today.Two other companies in Ripplewood's portfolio,WRC Media and Direct Holdings Co.were then brought into RDA,making the total value of the business aboutUS 2.6 billion.Mary Berner,former President and CEO of Fairchild Publications,was named President and CEO of the Reader's Digest Association.

54.The passage is written in order toB.
A.give us a short description of Reader's Digest
B.tell us the development of RDA
C.increase the sales of the magazine          
D.advertise the old brand Reader's Digest
55.The RDA publishes different magazines which cover (涉及)the following topics EXCEPTD.
A.cooking                          
B.health                 
C.music                       
D.history
56.We can conclude from the passage thatC.
A.RDA is the most famous publisher                      
B.Reader's Digest is not popular in Asia
C.RDA is now privately owned      
D.RDA's value reached US 2.6 billion in 1990
57.What can be inferred from the passage is thatD.
A.there is no need for such a big company as RDA to attract more consumers
B.RDA has always been a privately-owned company since its founding
C.the Internet affects the development of Reader's Digest too much
D.RDA never stops its effort to increase its market share.
11.THE STORY OF AN EYEWITNESS
by Jack London
Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed.San Francisco is gone.Nothing is left of it but memories and some houses far from the centre of the city.Its businesses are gone.The factories,hotels and palaces are all gone too.Within an hour after the earthquake,the smoke of San Francisco's fires could be seen 160kilometres away. ①The sun was red in the dark sky.There was no stopping the fires.There was no way to organize or communicate.The steel railway tracks were now useless.And the great pipes for carrying water under the streets had burst.All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the thirty seconds the earth moved.
②Out at sea it was calm.No wind came up.Yet from every direction-east,west,north,and south,strong winds blew upon the unlucky city.Man himself had to make ruins of some of the city's best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those in the streets.A list of buildings undestroyed was now only a few addresses. ③A list of the brave men and women would fill a library.A list of all those killed will never be made.
Amazing as it may seem,Wednesday night was a quiet night.There were no crowds.The policemen said nothing; even their horses were quiet. ④There were no shouts or people doing crazy things.In all those terrible hours I saw not one woman who cried,not one man who was excited.Before the fires,through the night,thousands and thousands of people who had lost their homes left for safety.Some were covered in blankets.Sometimes whole families put everything they owned and could save into wagons (四轮马车).They helped one another climb the high hills around the city.Never in all San Francisco's history were her people so kind as on that terrible night.

31.We can judge from the passage that the terrible earthquake took place inD.
A.China
B.Britain
C.Canada
D.America
32.Which word best describes how the writer felt about the earthquake?B
A.lost
B.shocked
C.excited
D.quiet
33.Which of the underlined sentences is NOT an example of contrast(对比)?D
A.①
B.②
C.③
D.④
34.What can we learn from Jack London's description of the earthquake?C
A.The terrible earthquake lasted about one hour.
B.People hid in the library during the earthquake.
C.The quake almost destroyed everything in the city.
D.People were in panic (恐慌),not knowing what to do.
35.We could probably read the passage fromA.
A.a report   
B.a letter 
C.a poster  
D.a play.
1.Intel chairman Andy Grove has decided to cut the Gordian knot of the dispute on stem cell (干细胞) research by simply writing a check.The check,which he guaranteed last week,could be for as much as 55million,depending on how many donors make gifts of between 550,000and 5,500,000,which he has promised to match.It will be made out to the University'of California-San Francisco (UCSF).
Thanks in part to such private donations,university research into uses for human stem cells,the cells at the earliest stages of development that can form any body part,will continue in California.With private financial support,the state will be less likely to lose talented scientists who would be tempted to leave the field or even leave the country as research dependent on federal (联邦政府的)money slows to glacial (极慢的) pace.
Held back by limits President Bush placed on stem cell research a year ago,scientists are turning to labs that can carry out work without using federal money.This is awkward for universities,which must spend extra money building separate labs and keeping strict records proving no federal funds were involved.Grove's donation,a first step toward a﹩20million target at UCSF,will relieve the burden.
The president's decision a year ago to allow research on already existing stem cell lines was portrayed as a reasonable compromise (折中办法) between scientists'needs for cells to work with,and concerns that this kind of research could lead to wholesale creation and destruction of human embryos (胚胎),cloned infants and a general disrespect for human life.
But Bush's effort to please both sides ended up pleasing neither.And it certainly didn't provide the basis for cutting edge research.Of the 78existing stem cell lines which Bush said are all that science would ever need,only one is in this country (at the University of Wisconsin) and only five are ready for distribution to researchers.All were grown in conjunction with mouse cells,making future therapeutic ( 治疗的 ) uses unlikely.
The Bush administration seems bent on satisfying the small but vocal (直言不讳的) group of Americans who oppose stem cell research under any conditions.Fortunately,Groye and others are more interested in advancing scientific research that could benefit the large number of Americans who suffer from Parkinson's disease,nerve injuries,heart diseases and many other problems.

72.When Andy Grove decided to"cut the Gordian knot",he meant toC.
A.put an end to stem cell research
B.end Intel's relations with Gordian
C.settle the argument on stem cell research
D.prohibit Gordian from doing stem cell research
73.According to Bush's decision,American universities had toD.
A.conduct the research in labs overseas
B.abandon the research altogether
C.carry out the research secretly
D.raise money to build separate labs
74.We may infer from the passage that future therapeutic uses of stem cells will be unlikely unlessA.
A.human stem cells are used in the research
B.a lot more private donations can be secured
C.more federal money is used for the research
D.talented scientists are involved in the research
75.The reason why Bush placed limits on stem cell research was thatB.
A.his administration was financially limited
B.he did not want to offend its opponents
C.it might lead to a disrespect for human life
D.it did not promise any therapeutic value.
8.Education is not an end,but a means to an end.In other words,we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them.Our purpose is to fit them for life.
In some modern countries,it has for some time been fashionable to think that by free education for all-one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation.But we can already see that free education for all is not enough; we find in some countries where a far larger number of people with university degree; however,they refuse to do what they think"low"work; and,in fact,work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries.But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor; we can live without education,but we die if we have no food.If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses,we should get terrible diseases in our towns.
In fact,when we say that all of us must be educated to fit ourselves for life,it means that we must be educated in such a way that,firstly,each of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability and,secondly,that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society,and that it is very bad to be ashamed of one's work.Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.

60.The writer of the passage thinks thatD.
A.education can settle the world's problems
B.free education for all probably leads to a perfect world.
C.free education won't help to solve problems
D.not all the social problems can be solved by education
61.The writer wants to prove thatA.
A.our society needs all kinds of jobs
B.our society needs free education for all
C.work with hands is the most important
D.a farmer is more important than a professor.
62.The purpose of education isB.
A.to get more educated physical laborers
B.to prepare children for the future work
C.to let everyone have suitable education
D.to build a perfect world for all the people.
5.How would you like to brush a crocodile's teeth?Or give a shark a bath?Cats are well-known for the way they keep themselves clean by licking(舔),but other animals have their own ways to stay clean as well.And tidiness can be important for their survival.Even cockroaches(蟑螂)have to keep their feelers clean to help them into food.
    Many animals in the wild,such as deer,wolves and bears,have an automatic cleaning system.Insects like to attach themselves to animals to feed on the skin or blood.These parasites(寄生虫) can be unhealthy.But their"host"animals are constantly dropping skin and fur by a natural process.They also like to rub up against trees or rocks to comfort themselves,and this removes additional skin and fur.Along with old fur goes the dirt and parasites living in the fur.While these animals may sometimes take a bath when they enter or cross a river or lake,they don't need the water to stay clean.They don't get sweaty,because they don't have sweat glands(汗腺)all over their bodies the way people do.Growing new skin and fur is enough to keep them clean.
    Some animals and birds use dust to get clean.Chinchillas,a kind of small animal that lives in
the mountains of South America,have a very fine fur.(They are raised for their fur,in fact.)If they took water baths,they might get too cold.So,instead,they roll around in fine dust,raising
quite a cloud as they"bathe".The dust helps to keep their fur and skin dry.This protects them
from bacteria and parasites that enjoy warm and wet places.And the fine dust doesn't stick in their
fur for long.It falls off or blows away.
    As for lions and tigers.their rough tongues act like combs and can remove dirt and loose fur.
Why is it important for them to stay clean and smooth?It helps them stay cool in very hot summer or feel warm in cold winter.
55.What's the main idea of this passage?A
  A.For animals,cleanliness is a survival skill.
    B.Animals enjoy living in a clean environment.
    C.Unlike people,animals hate staying in water.
    D.Animals fight against parasites in different ways.
56.According to the passage,such animals as deer,wolves and bears clean themselves byB   
    A.living with parasites
    B.replacing their skin and fur naturally
    C.climbing trees or rocks
    D.having a bath in a river or lake
57.It can be inferred from the passage that the way some animals stay cleanA    A.is decided by their physical conditions
    B.is better than the way people do
    C.keeps them away from parasites all the time
    D.helps them survive any danger in the wild.
6."Slow City"-a recently launched project focused on preserving the traditional quality of life enjoyed in some of Italy's smaller cities and towns.The project was born from the idea of the"Slow Food"movement-started in Italy in the 1980s-which promotes leisurely eating and the growing of local,healthy products to fight against the American fast-food style.
"The American urban model has invaded our cities,making Italian towns look the same.We want to stop this kind of globalization,"says Paolo Saturnini,an Italian mayor.
The"Slow City"project plans to emphasize the rich,cultural,culinary(厨房的) and artistic local traditions of each community.
Walking areas will be enlarged and squares and parks will be made greener with more plants.Car alarms and other noise that disturbs the peace will be banned,and ugly TV aerials(天线),advertising posters,and signs will be taken down.
City councils will also insist on the use of recycling and renewable energy sources,and will also introduce ecological transport systems.Parking will be made stress-free by creating more public parking areas,and easily accessible walkways and bike lanes will cross the city.But in the"Slow City"way,all improvements will probably come about slowly.
Thirty-two Italian city councils,which joined the"Slow City"program,have decided to take further steps in this direction by increasing the numbers of traditional family-style eating establishments,reducing noise pollution,and concentrating on making their towns friendlier for people to live in.
Organic local produce will be promoted in all restaurants and genetically modified foods(转基因食品) will be banned."We can't stop large,fast-food chains from coming here,but we hope that people who come to our towns will not want to eat exactly the same hamburger they can eat in Melbourne,London or Paris,but want something genuine and different,"said Saturnini.
67.According to the passage,the"Slow City"project aims atD.
A.preventing Italy from being affected by America
B.beautifying the environment of small Italian cities and towns
C.calling on Italians to enjoy stress-free life
D.protecting the traditional Italian lifestyle
68.From Paragraphs 4-5,we can infer thatC.
A.cars in"Slow City"will have to go slowly
B.people can park their cars free of charge in"Slow City"
C."Slow City"will take on an environmentally friendly look
D.advertising in"Slow City"will be banned 
69.Further measures will be included in the"Slow City"program EXCEPTC.
A.cutting down noise pollution
B.stop genetically modified foods
C.getting more towns involved in the project
D.building more family-style restaurants
70.In Saturnini's opinion,when traveling in"Slow Cities",visitorsD.
A.aren't provided with fast food
B.will see few fast-food chains
C.can enjoy themselves like in London
D.can enjoy real Italian-style healthy food.

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