阅读下面短文.并按照题目要求用英语回答问题. Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart.They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles. But few will k 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(购物手推车).They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles. But few will know-or even think to ask-who it was that invented them.

Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging(吃力地携带)groceries around in baskets they had to carry.

One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.

On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention.

But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.

After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied.

But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his cats could be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony (假冒的) customers.

As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come-those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.

Today’s shopping carts are five times get than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money of food each year as they did before 1937-before the coming of the shopping cart.

1. The underlined words “chrome-plated contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to .

(No more than 3 words)

2. What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention? (No more than 10 words)

3. Why was Goldman disappointed at first? (No more than 10 words)

4. Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market? (No more than 10 words)

5. What do you think of Goldman? Please give your reasons. (No more than 20 words)

1. shopping carts

2. It was to make shopping easier and attract more business.

3. Because few customers used his carts.

4. Because he wanted to promote his shopping carts.

5. He was a smart businessman. He invented the shopping cart and made it accepted by customers.

Or: He was smart but he shouldn’t have used tricks to attract customers.

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阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。

My name is Clara. I still remember that chilly December day, sitting in science class. I had finished a worksheet early and picked up a TIME for Kids magazine. A piece of news caught my eye: NASA (美国宇航局) was holding an essay contest to name its Mars rover (火星探测器). Before I even knew anything else about it, a single word flooded my 11-year-old mind, Curiosity.

I couldn’t wait for the bell to ring so I could get started on my essay. That afternoon, I raced home, sat down at the computer, and typed until my fingers ached. “Curiosity is an everlasting flame that burns in everyone’s mind…”

Five months later, my mom received a phone call, and immediately, a wide smile spread across her face.

On August 5, 2012, at 10: 31pm, the rover named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars, and I was honored to have a front-row seat in NASA.

Curiosity is such an important part of who I am. I have always been fascinated by the stars, the planets, the sky and the universe. I remember as a little girl, my grandmother and I would sit together in the backyard for hours. She would tell me stories and point out the stars. Grandma lived in China, thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas, but the stars kept us together even when we were apart. They were always there, yet there was so much I didn’t know about them. That’s what I love so much about space.

People often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mars. My answer is simple because we’re curious. We human beings do not just hole up in one place. We are constantly wondering and trying to find out what’s over the hill and beyond the horizon.

1.How did the author get the news about the essay contest? (within 7 words)

2.In which year was the author born according to the passage? (within 2 words)

3.Why did author have a front-row seat in NASA? (within 10 words)

4.What does the author remember about the time spent with Grandma? (within 15 words)[

5.What does the underlined phrase “hole up” in the last paragraph probably mean? (1 word)

阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。

Five months later, my mom received a phone call, and immediately, a wide smile spread across her face.

On August 5, 2012, at 10: 31pm, the rover named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars, and I was honored to have a front-row seat in NASA.

1.How did the author get the news about the essay contest? (within 7 words)

2.In which year was the author born according to the passage? (within 2 words)

3.Why did author have a front-row seat in NASA? (within 10 words)

4.What does the author remember about the time spent with Grandma? (within 15 words)[

5.What does the underlined phrase “hole up” in the last paragraph probably mean? (1 word)

阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。

1]Stamp collectors usually collect stamps only from certain countries or regions. The traditional method of stamp collecting is to organize stamp collection according to the issue dates.

[2]Of course, there are many ____________. You can collect stamps relating to a particular theme. For example, sport lovers may choose the Olympic theme. They try their best to find Olympic stamps issued by various parts of the world every four years. Some of them may want to concentrate on even more specific sport activities like ball games, gymnasium, swimming, etc.

[3]If you like astronomy, you may be keen on collecting stamps describing the stars, planets, spacecraft, spacemen, etc. once you have fixed the topic, you no longer need to bother about stamps other than the theme you selected. Then, you can put all your effort to collect the stamps around it.

[4]China issues zodiac animal stamps (十二生肖邮票) every year to celebrate the Lunar New Year. They are extremely popular and a lot of collectors wait patiently for 12 years to collect a full set of them. Hong Kong’s Lunar New Year special stamp series began in 2000 with the Year of Dragon and the twelfth and final set was issued in 2011, the Year of Rabbit. Recently some Western countries have issued zodiac animal stamps, which attract a lot of attention as well.

[5]You may choose any theme you like. However, you should bear in mind an essential point. The topic you choose should not be too narrow. Otherwise, it is very difficult to accumulate stamps around the topic. You will be depressed and even lose your interest in collecting stamps.

[6]Collecting stamps with these is especially popular among teenagers because there is a wide range of choices for them. The main challenge is how you organize and expand your collection around your theme.

1.What is the main idea of the passage? （no more than 5 words）

________________________________________________________

2.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words．（no more than 5 words）

Of course, there are many ____________________________________________.

3.What should you do if you want to collect a full set of zodiac animal stamps? （no more than 7 words）

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4.List the three general themes in collecting stamps mentioned in the passage．（3 words）

________________________________________________________

5.What does the word "them" （Line2, Paragraph6） probably refer to? （1 word）

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阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语问答问题（请注意问题后词数要求）。

A nurse of 78 this weekend celebrates 60 years of walking the wards - and she has no plans to retire.

Jackie Reid was 18 when she started work in 1953 - when the National Health Service (NHS) was just five years old - and is believed to be the oldest nurse in Britain.

The diabetes(糖尿病) specialist had to retire at 65 but returned as a nurse within two weeks and still does up to four seven-and-a-half hour shifts(轮班）each week.

Mrs. Reid said: "Nursing is hard if you do it correctly but I love my job. Working for the NHS has been my life. I have no other hobbies because I have worked all my life.

Jackie has worked at a number of different hospitals--including one in Scotland.

Her specialist field has been diabetes for the past 40 years. She retrained after her 12-year-old daughter Michelle developed the disease. She currently works at Southend Hospital, Essex.

Over the last 60years she has treated tens of thousands of patients.

Jackie believes nursing should be protected from government cuts. She said: "There're lots of things I would say to the government. If you are going to get good care you have to have the resources(资源), you can't do it without enough money. They shouldn't need the cuts that there are in the NHS. It's hard now because there's a shortage of staff."

Jackie has lived alone in Grays, Essex, since her husband did three years ago.

The couple have two daughters Michelle, 50, and Karen, 54.

Jackie added: "My youngest daughter worried about me - she doesn't think I should work as much as I do. I constantly say 'don't worry about me, I'm fine', but she never believes me. I don't like the thought of giving it up and will try to keep going forever."

1. In which year was the NHS set up? (within 2 words)

2. What does Jackie think of nursing? (within 6 words)

3.When did Jackie retrain in the field of diabetes? (within 6 words)

4.What does Jackie wish the government to do? (within 7 words)

5. Why does Jackie's daughter worry about her? (within 8 words)

阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

[1] Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. However, you can receive better grades if you want. Yes, even students with average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Here’s how:

[2] Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule of your time. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments. Of course, studying shouldn’t occupy all of the free time on the schedule.

[3] Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.

[4] Skim before you read. Look over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these portions. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improve your comprehension as well.

[5] Review regularly. Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that material, too. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on tests.

[6] Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry excessively about a single test.

[7] There are other techniques that might help you with your studying. Improving your studying habits will improve your grades.

1.What’s the main idea of the passage? (no more than 8 words)

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2.What should you do if you fail a test? (no more than 4 words)

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3.According to the passage, how can an average student improve his/her grades? (no more than 6 words)

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4.What does the word “it” (line 5, paragraph 5) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)

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5.Among these suggestions, which one do you think is useful to your studies? Why? ( no more than 25 words )

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