题目内容

8.There are always minorities,either people or enterprises,that have absolute advantage(绝对优势)in a field; the majority apply their comparative advantage(相对优势) to professions where they do their best to be effective players.Based on comparative advantage,different divisions are formed as international trade and the globalized economy develop.
Oranges are flourishing in Florida in the United States,for example,shoes are made perfectly in Wenzhou of China,and people in both areas need oranges and shoes.In Wenzhou,one could try to create an artificial environment for orange trees of an international standard,and in Florida workers could be trained to make shoes as effectively as workers in Wenzhou using the same resources.However,the costs would be too high.The best solution,therefore,is to allow each location to specialize in its own product,producing enough to meet local needs and exporting the rest.As a result,people in both areas end up with lower cost and higher quality goods than if each tried to produce both.It is obvious that absolute advantage occurs in this process.
However,absolute advantage may not necessarily apply everywhere.For instance,I know a capable company boss,who is also an expert in private cars and very skillful at changing car oil,even more efficiently than a mechanic,But,almost every time he drives his car to a garage to have the oil changed by a mechanic since he believes he can use the time to do something more valuable.What he uses here is his comparative advantage rather than absolute advantage.
The same theory may also apply to individual careers.You may not be the best in a certain area,but still have a comparative advantage,which will not be reduced in relation to others'absolute advantage,and you can still find an advantaged position in which your disadvantage is smaller relative to others.
An ordinary talent can,therefore,achieve outstanding results by rightfully exploring his or her comparative advantage.In this sense,we may say that comparative advantage really works.

72.From the example about orange in Florida and shoes in Wenzhou,we can draw the conclusion thatC.
A.the field in Wenzhou can be improved to grow oranges.
B.Florida workers could be trained to make shoes.
C.we should fully use our absolute advantage in our advantaged field.
D.our comparative advantage is equal to our absolute one as to making fortunes.
73.Why doesn't the capable company boss change his car oil himself?C
A.The mechanic is more efficient than him.
B.He needn't do it by himself for his riches..
C.He would rather do something more valuable.
D.Changing oil is beyond his ability.
74.Which of the following is right according to paragraph 4.?D
A.You should use your absolute advantage in your work definitely.
B.You must work hard to improve your absolute advantage to be the best worker.
C.If other's absolute advantage is larger,your comparative advantage is smaller.
D.Sometimes you may still use your comparative advantage to find your advantaged position.
75.This article can be entitled"A".
A.The Advantage of Comparative Advantage.
B.The Advantage of Absolute Advantage
C.Absolute Advantage-the secret to make different talents
D.Comparative Advantage-the way to achieve outstanding results.

分析 作者举例说明充分利用自己在各自领域的优势才可以用最低的成本获得最高的质量.

解答 CCDA
72   C   主旨题.由第二段最后三句可知,作者举例是为了说明充分利用自己在各自领域的优势才可以用最低的成本获得最高的质量,所以要充分利用绝对优势.故正确答案为C.
73  C   细节题. 由"he believes he can use the time to do something more valuable"可知他更愿意做一些更有价值的事.故正确答案为C.
74   D  主旨题.根据"You…still have a comparative advantage…and you can still find an advantaged position in which your disadvantage is smaller relative to others."可知你可以用比对出来的优势去找到你比较优势的岗位,正确答案为D.
75   A   主旨题.由最后一句"In this sense,we may say that comparative advantage really works."可知,本文主要是在说比较优势(Comparative Advantage)的好处,而非绝对优势(Absolute Advantage).故正确答案为A.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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In the study,researchers looked at about 1,900schoolchildren.The scientists found that the kids who had been instructed to spend more time outdoors over three years were 23percent less likely to develop nearsightedness during this time than those who had not been instructed to spend more time outdoors.Moreover,among the kids who did become nearsighted during the study,the degree to which their eyesight worsened was slightly smaller among those who spent more time outdoors.
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It is not clear exactly why spending more time outside would benefit children's eyesight,the researchers said.However,some research has suggested that the higher levels of light intensity found outdoors may increase the release of the chemical dopamine (多巴胺) of the eye.In turn,dopamine is known to restrain the type of growth in the eye that is associated with nearsightedness.
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A.Attend an extra class of outdoor activities.
B.Continue to do their usual activities.
C.Spend one hour in doing eye exercises.
D.Participate in outdoor activities with parents.
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B.It can damage people's brain.
C.It is beneficial to eyesight.
D.It means low levels of light intensity.
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A.How to design outdoor activities for kids.
B.How to prevent kids becoming nearsighted.
C.How to protect kids'skin and eyes from UV light.
D.How to encourage kids to join in outdoor activities.
35.What can be a suitable title for the text?B
A.The More Time Outdoors,the Better
B.Kids May See Better if They Play Outside
C.It's Time to Engage Kids in Outdoor Activities
D.Researchers Found a Cure for Nearsightedness.
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A.Birmingham is second to Glasgow in laziness
B.half of the parents don't care enough for children
C.one in six people in the UK don't take exercise
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Butterflies are disappearing
A new study has shown that 17species of butterflies found in Europe have dropped by 70% in the last 20years.The information collected from 3,000sites across 15countries shows it may be caused by the loss of grasslands covered with flowers.You can encourage butterflies to come into your garden by planting flowers.

21.According to the first paragraph,we may infer that sheepB.
A.are less clever than rodents 
B.can find their home
C.can read maps                  
D.are good planners
22.When young fish are looking for a home,they like toA.
A.live in a noisy environment 
B.live in areas close to their parents
C.choose the reefs which are quiet
D.choose otherkinds of fish as neighbors
23.Which seems to have to do with the number of butterflies?C
A.The species of grass in grasslands.
B.The species of trees in grasslands.
C.The number of flowers in grasslands.
D.The number of animals in grasslands.
18.If you want to pay a visit to Iceland,you'll enter a whole new region of experience.You'll discover original nature as you've never seen it before.The freedom to wander in the city or the wilds as you please is the key to the Iceland experience.
Reykjavik,the capital of Iceland,is just a part of the Icelandic experience with its midnight sun or the magical landscapes mixed with ice and fire.Reykjavik has a population of around 170,000and offers an interesting mix of culture and local village roots.
Old accounts say the ancient gods themselves guided Iceland's first settler to make his home in Reykjavik.He named the place Reykjavik (Steamy Bay)after the geothermal(地热)steam he saw,which today heats homes and outdoor swimming pools throughout the city,a pollution-free energy source that leaves the air very fresh,clean and clear.
A beautiful river runs through the city limits,and so do fine parks and even wild outdoor areas.Against this backcloth(背景)of nature,Reykjavik has a packed program of familiar city joys too:art museums,several theaters,an opera house,a symphony orchestra and concerts meeting the needs of all ages and tastes.
One must for all visitors is dining out on Icelandic specialties,including delicious seafood,ocean-fresh from the morning's catch,highland lamb and unusual varieties of game.Its purely natural food is imaginatively served to delight the most discerning(内行的)of diners.Reykjavik is also famous as one of Europe's hottest nightspots,where the action on the friendly pub and nightlife scene lasts right through the night.In the evening,the downtown area is filled with activity,reaching its peak on Friday or Saturday.The number of pubs,café,discos,and other nightspots in the downtown area is astonishing.There is a rich variety of places to go:European-style cafes,nightclubs with live entertainment,dance halls for seniors,sports-theme pubs with big TV screens,cafes that offer over 100types of beer,an Irish pub,a Spanish café,a French wine bar.
Walking distances are short downtown,and everything worth seeing outside the city center can be quickly and conveniently reached by bus.With its long,easy-going main street and large shopping mall,Iceland's capital is a great place to shop too-with a bonus of tax-free shopping for visitors!
A full range of accommodations is available in Reykjavik,from international-standard hotels with good conference facilities,through smaller hotels and comfortable guesthouses,to a campsite in the city's biggest park.
24.It can be learned from the passage the ReykiavikB.
A.was named by the ancient gods.
B.was named by Iceland's first settler.
C.got its name from the visitors.
D.was named after Iceland's first settler.
25.Which of the following subjects are mentioned in the fifth paragraph?C
A.Shopping and accommodations.
B.City joys and backcloth of nature.
C.Dining and nightspots.
D.Transportation and landscapes.
26.It can be inferred from the passage thatA.
A.people living in Reykiavik seldom get heat from coal.
B.hotels are so rare that visitors usually camp in the city's biggest parks.
C.all visitors must dine out while visiting Iceland.
D.you have to walk a short distance if you want to go sightseeing outside the city.

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