题目内容
8.There are always minorities,either people or enterprises,that have absolute advantage(绝对优势)in a field; the majority apply their comparative advantage(相对优势) to professions where they do their best to be effective players.Based on comparative advantage,different divisions are formed as international trade and the globalized economy develop.Oranges are flourishing in Florida in the United States,for example,shoes are made perfectly in Wenzhou of China,and people in both areas need oranges and shoes.In Wenzhou,one could try to create an artificial environment for orange trees of an international standard,and in Florida workers could be trained to make shoes as effectively as workers in Wenzhou using the same resources.However,the costs would be too high.The best solution,therefore,is to allow each location to specialize in its own product,producing enough to meet local needs and exporting the rest.As a result,people in both areas end up with lower cost and higher quality goods than if each tried to produce both.It is obvious that absolute advantage occurs in this process.
However,absolute advantage may not necessarily apply everywhere.For instance,I know a capable company boss,who is also an expert in private cars and very skillful at changing car oil,even more efficiently than a mechanic,But,almost every time he drives his car to a garage to have the oil changed by a mechanic since he believes he can use the time to do something more valuable.What he uses here is his comparative advantage rather than absolute advantage.
The same theory may also apply to individual careers.You may not be the best in a certain area,but still have a comparative advantage,which will not be reduced in relation to others'absolute advantage,and you can still find an advantaged position in which your disadvantage is smaller relative to others.
An ordinary talent can,therefore,achieve outstanding results by rightfully exploring his or her comparative advantage.In this sense,we may say that comparative advantage really works.
72.From the example about orange in Florida and shoes in Wenzhou,we can draw the conclusion thatC.
A.the field in Wenzhou can be improved to grow oranges.
B.Florida workers could be trained to make shoes.
C.we should fully use our absolute advantage in our advantaged field.
D.our comparative advantage is equal to our absolute one as to making fortunes.
73.Why doesn't the capable company boss change his car oil himself?C
A.The mechanic is more efficient than him.
B.He needn't do it by himself for his riches..
C.He would rather do something more valuable.
D.Changing oil is beyond his ability.
74.Which of the following is right according to paragraph 4.?D
A.You should use your absolute advantage in your work definitely.
B.You must work hard to improve your absolute advantage to be the best worker.
C.If other's absolute advantage is larger,your comparative advantage is smaller.
D.Sometimes you may still use your comparative advantage to find your advantaged position.
75.This article can be entitled"A".
A.The Advantage of Comparative Advantage.
B.The Advantage of Absolute Advantage
C.Absolute Advantage-the secret to make different talents
D.Comparative Advantage-the way to achieve outstanding results.
分析 作者举例说明充分利用自己在各自领域的优势才可以用最低的成本获得最高的质量.
解答 CCDA
72 C 主旨题.由第二段最后三句可知,作者举例是为了说明充分利用自己在各自领域的优势才可以用最低的成本获得最高的质量,所以要充分利用绝对优势.故正确答案为C.
73 C 细节题. 由"he believes he can use the time to do something more valuable"可知他更愿意做一些更有价值的事.故正确答案为C.
74 D 主旨题.根据"You…still have a comparative advantage…and you can still find an advantaged position in which your disadvantage is smaller relative to others."可知你可以用比对出来的优势去找到你比较优势的岗位,正确答案为D.
75 A 主旨题.由最后一句"In this sense,we may say that comparative advantage really works."可知,本文主要是在说比较优势(Comparative Advantage)的好处,而非绝对优势(Absolute Advantage).故正确答案为A.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
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