题目内容

We can no longer        to consider water an almost free resource that we can use as much as we like.

       A.permit      B.afford       C.expect      D.offer

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Humanity uses a little less than half the water available worldwide. Yet occurrences of shortages and droughts (干旱) are causing famine and distress in some areas, and industrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies. Since the world’s population is expected to double in the next 50 years, many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis.
  But that doesn’t have to be the outcome. Water shortages do not have to trouble the world---if we start valuing water more than we did in the past. Just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after the 1970s oil crises, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic perspective. We can no longer afford to consider water a virtually free resource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want.
  Instead, for all uses except the domestic demand of the poor, governments should price water to reflect its actual value. This means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs.
  Governments should also protect this resource by providing water in more economically and environmentally sound (健康的) ways. For example, often the cheapest way to provide irrigation water in the dry tropics is through small-scale projects, such as gathering rainfall in depressions (凹地) and pumping it to nearby cropland.
  No matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their institutional and legal approaches to water use. Rather than spread control among hundreds or even thousands of local, regional, and national agencies that watch various aspects of water use, countries should set up central authorities to coordinate (调整) water policy.
【小题1】What is the real cause of the potentials water crisis.

A.Only half of the world’s water can be used.
B.The world population is increasing faster and faster.
C.Half of the world’s water resources have been seriously polluted.
D.Humanity has not placed enough value on water resources.
【小题2】As is indicated in the passage, the water problem _________ .
A.is already serious in certain parts of the world.
B.has been exaggerated by some experts in the field
C.poses a challenge to the technology of building reservoirs(水库)
D.is underestimated by government organizations at different levels
【小题3】 According to the author, the water price should _______ .
A.be reduced to the minimumB.stimulate domestic demand
C.go with its real valueD.take into account the occurrences of droughts
【小题4】In order to raise the efficiency of the water supply, measures should be taken to ______ .
A.guarantee full protection of the environment
B.centralize the management of water resources
C.increase the sense of responsibility of agencies at all levels
D.encourage local and regional water resources

The early lack of exposure to science ,technology,engineering and mathematics (STEM) can be harmful to achieving gender (性别)balance in these fields. It begins when we are young and continues throughout our time in high school.
While at home,girls generally don’t get to experience the level of exposure or encouragement in STEM fields that their male counterparts do. It is often subtle ,but it’s the first hurdle that faces and confuses so many women. Boys ,on the other hand, get on their path ,and are encouraged to do so, generally earlier than girls. For example ,boys are more often given science sets as toys ,which spark an interest in these subjects.
In school 3 boys are often pushed to take the more challenging math and science classes. So if we want to attract the best and brightest minds into the fields that will advance us as a people ? a country,and a planet,we can no longer look to only half of the population. Young girls cannot possibly consider opportunities they do not know exist. If girls are not exposed to certain subject and career paths,they are highly unlikely to choose to follow them in college.
Our bias(偏见)toward girls9 either from families or from schools ,is so rooted in our culture that we often don’t even recognize it. Although the situation Has changed greatly in the past 20 or 30 years,there is still a sense that girls aren't as good at math 9 for instance 9 even though there is almost no evidence to support such a belief.
It is important that as a society we deal with gender stereotypes long before young people are faced with a decision to declare or choose a major in college. Without making efforts to break them, we are limiting the potentials of our youth,both male and female. Providing the necessary resources, exposure , and encouragement would help young women understand that their gender shouldnt determine the career path they choose, and that pursuing a STEM career does not make them less feminine.
【小题1】According to the passage ? not many girls grow to enter STEM fields because______.

A.girls are not as good at STEM as boys
B.girls do not like to take science classes
C.girls get fewer chances to know about STEM
D.girls seldom survive the high pressure positions
【小题2】The underlined word “it” in Para. 4 refers to______
A.our biasB.our cultureC.the situationD.a sense
【小题3】The main purpose of the passage is to______.
A.show women’s potentials in STEM fields
B.praise women’s contributions to STEM fields
C.describe the present gender bias in STEM fields
D.call for more involvement of women in STEM fields
【小题4】Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

.

Valuing water

Human beings use a little less than half the water available worldwide. Yet shortages and droughts(干旱) are causing starvation and poverty in some areas, and industrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies. Since the world’s population is expected to double in the next 51 years, many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis.

But that doesn’t have to be the result. Water shortages do not have to trouble the world—if we start valuing water more than we have in the past. Just as we began to value petrol more after the 1970s oil crisis, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic view. We can no longer afford to consider water a nearly free resource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want.

Instead, for all uses except the demand of the poor, governments should price water to reflect its real value. This means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs.

Governments should also protect this source by providing water in more economically and environmentally sound ways. For example, often the cheapest way to provide irrigation(灌溉) water in the dry places is through small-scale projects, such as gathering rainfall in depressions(凹地) and pumping it to nearby cropland.

No matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their ways to use water. Rather than control hundreds or even thousands of local, regional agencies that watch water use, countries should set up central authorities to manage water policy.

65. What is the real cause of the potential water crisis?

A. Only half of the world’s water can be used.

B. The world population is increasing faster and faster.

C. Half of the world’s resources have been seriously polluted.

D. Human beings have not placed sufficient value on water resources.

66.We can conclude from the passage that the water problem______.

A. is already serious in certain parts of the world

B. has been exaggerated by some experts in the field

C. poses a challenge to the technology of building reservoirs

D. is underestimated by government organizations at different levels

67.According to the author, the water price should______.

A. be reduced to the minimum

B. stimulate domestic demand

C. equal its real value

D. take into account the occurrences of droughts.

 

When you do some minor image editing (修正) on your computer screen, you may make some mistakes, so from time to time you’d click undo (撤消).

There are things in life we cannot undo as easily and completely as we would with our computer files. A wrong turn, a hurtful word said to a loved one, a bad move — these we all commit as we walk our life’s journeys, no matter how careful we are in our steps. Once committed, we can no longer undo many of these mistakes, especially because unlike with our computer documents, each thing we do and say has vast impact as they involve not just us — the file that we are working on — but also others, the unopened files and computer programs in our system.

So I guess our life’s mistakes are not like our pencil scrawls (潦草书写) that can be effectively corrected with an eraser, or errors on our computer works that can be undone with an undo button. But there are effective and reliable tools we can use—APOLOGY and FORGIVENESS. Simply click the APOLOGY button when you have committed a mistake that has hurt a loved one and the words “I’m Sorry” will flash on the other person’s screen. But, you have to be truly sorry and you must be prepared not to commit the same mistake again for your APOLOGY to work. Sincerity is definitely a necessary part.

When someone clicks the APOLOGY button and the words “I’m sorry” flash on your screen, all you have to do is click back the FORGIVENESS (原谅) button. It means that you have wholeheartedly accepted the other person’s APOLOGY. But not only that. You also have to click it when someone has sent you back the message “It’s okay. Forget about it.”. It means that you are also forgiving yourself for your mistake; that you won’t keep feeling so bad having committed it.

And lastly, don’t forget to keep clicking the SAVE button. Going through the whole process of editing—of doing and undoing, of apologizing and forgiving — is useless if you fail to save the LESSON for future use. Let the saved file be a reminder of the healing process you once went through to make yourself better; for you not to forget the lesson; and for others to access and learn from.

 

1.Which of the following is TRUE?

A. However careful we are, we still make mistakes in life.

B. Things we do and say can affect computer programs in our system.

C. We can undo life’s mistakes if we are careful enough.

D. An eraser is an effective tool for our computer works.

2. The APOLOGY button should be clicked when ________.

A. one wants to make the computer work perfectly

B. one’s mistakes won’t influence others any more

C. one is actually saying “I’m sorry”

D. one won’t make the same mistake again

3.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

   A. The UNDO button.                      B. The APOLOGY button.

   C. The SAVE button.                          D. The FORGIVENESS button.

4.We need to click the SAVE button in life because ________.

A. we want to go through the whole process of editing

B. we need to learn a lesson from the past mistakes

C. we want to make the healing process faster

D. we need to use the computer properly

 

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