题目内容
18．Sam Walton，the founder of Wal-Mart，was born in Kingfish，Oklahoma on March 29，1918．He was raised in Missouri where he worked in his father's store while attending school．This was his first retailing （零售业） experience and he really enjoyed it．After graduation，he began his own career as a retail merchant．He soon opened his first Wal-Mart store in 1962in Rogers，Arkansas．Wal-Mart specialized in name brands at low prices and Sam Walton was surprised at the success．Soon a chain of Wal-Mart stores sprang up across rural America．
Walton's management style was popular with employees and he founded some of the basic concepts of management that are still in use today．
After taking the company public in 1970，Walton introduced his"profit sharing plan"．The profit sharing plan was a plan for Wal-Mart employees to improve their income dependent on the profits of the store．Sam Walton believed that"individuals don't win，teams do"．Employees at Wal-Mart stores were offered stock options （认股权） and store discounts．These benefits are commonplace today，but Walton was among the first to implement （实现） them．Walton believed that a happy employee meant happy customers and more sales．He also believed that by giving employees a part of the company and making their success dependent on the company's success，they would care about the company．
By the 1980s，Wal-Mart had sales of over one billion dollars and over three hundred stores across North America．Wal-Mart's unique decentralized （分散的） distribution system，also Walton's idea，created the edge needed to further encourage growth in the 1980s during growing complaints that the"superstore"was stopping smaller and traditional stores from developing．By 1991，Wal-Mart was the largest US retailer with 1，700stores．Walton remained active in managing the company，as president and CEO until 1988and chairman until his death．He was awarded the Medal of Freedom shortly before his death．
61．What does the underlined word"it"in Para.1refer to？（No more than 5words）
His first retailing experience．
62．How did Walton's first Wal-mart store achieve success？（No more than 10words）
By specializing in name brands at low prices．
63．What's the purpose of Walton's carrying out"profit sharing plan"？（No more than 15words）
To improve Wal-Mart employees'income dependent on the profits of the store．
To improve Wal-Mart employees'income dependent on the profits of the store．
64Why were employees at Wal-mart stores offered stock options？（No more than 10words）
Because they would care about the company．
65．Are you in favor of Walton's management style？And Why？（No more than 20words）
Yes，I am．Because it can make the employees happy and promotes sales．．
分析 文章介绍了沃尔玛公司创始人：山姆•沃尔顿创立沃尔玛的经过，还有他自身对于百货公司的经营理念与经验．
解答 61．His first retailing experience．
考查猜测词意题．根据This was his first retailing （零售业） experience and he really enjoyed…可知，这是他第一个零售经验，而且很喜欢它，所以此处it指His first retailing experience．
62．By specializing in name brands at low prices．
细节题，根据Wal-Mart specialized in name brands at low prices and Sam Walton was surprised at the success．可知，沃尔玛以低价格来吸引，取得了很大的成绩．
63．To improve Wal-Mart employees'income dependent on the profits of the store．
细节题．根据The profit sharing plan was a plan for Wal-Mart employees to improve their income dependent on the profits of the store．可知，该计划主要是为员工谋福利，依靠商场的利润提高他们的收入．
64．Because they would care about the company．
细节题．根据He also believed that by giving employees a part of the company and making their success dependent on the company's success，they would care about the company．通过让员工持股，他们会更关心公司．
65．Yes，I am．Because it can make the employees happy and promotes sales．
此题属于开放性，没有固定答案，符合逻辑都可以．
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