All over the country these days, e-mail messages are ending with this strange little mark：-)or：-(．It was 20 years ago that Scott Fahlman taught the Net how to smile．The Carnegie Mellon computer scientist has devoted his life to man-made intelligence, the practice of teaching computers how to think like humans, but the scientist is perhaps best known for a flash of inspiration that helped to define Internet culture．
By the early 1980s the Computer Science Group at Carnegie Mellon was making heavy use of online notice boards．A good many of the messages were humorous．The problem was that if someone made a humorous remark, a few readers would fail to get the joke．This problem caused some people to suggest that maybe it would be a good idea to clearly mark messages that were not to be taken seriously．After all, when using text-based online communication, we lack the body language or the tone of voice that communicates this information when we talk in person or on the phone．So on Sept．19, 1982, Fahlman typed：-)in an online message．“I had no idea I was starting something that would soon pollute all the world’s communications channels,”he wrote later．The“smiley face”has since become common in online communication．
This creation caught on quickly around Carnegie Mellon, and soon spread to other universities and research labs by means of the computer networks of the day．Since then, the smiling marks have taken the e-mail world by storm．
Yahoo, Microsoft and America Online all put the faces into their instant-messaging systems, while telecom companies, jewelry makers and online merchants have sent in trademark applications for products and ads that include Fahlman’s smiley face．
But Fahlman has never seen a dollar from his creation．“If it cost people a cent to use it, nobody would have used it．This is my little gift to the world, for better or worse,”he said．
(1)
The underlined words“this information”in Paragraph 3 refer to ________．
[ ]
A．
the body language
B．
the suggestion of marking messages
C．
the tone of voice
D．
the humors behind the words
(2)
The purpose of Fahlman in typing the first smiley face was ________．
[ ]
A．
to show others that he didn’t take his message seriously
B．
to fill all the world’s communications channels with smiley faces
C．
to make money out of telecom companies and online merchants
D．
to show his happy feelings and to help to define Internet culture
(3)
What does the passage mainly talk about?
[ ]
A．
The Internet culture．
B．
The online communications system．
C．
The humorous message．
D．
The online smiley face．
(4)
What can we infer from the text?
[ ]
A．
Fahlman invented the smiley faces to become wealthy and famous．
B．
Fahlman doesn’t mind that people use his smiley faces for free．
C．
Fahlman is disappointed that noboby would like to pay a cent for the smiley faces．
D．
The smiley faces were created to pollute the world’s communications channels．
If you can’t catch the bad guy, t’s game over－this is the rule of life for computer game players in cyber-world(网络世界)．
But similar thoughts might be worrying US President George W．ush as he prepares for election year with the world’s most wanted man still out of his reach．
The hunt for Osama Bin Laden, eader of the AL-Qaida group, as been going on since the attack on New York’s World Trade Center on September 11,2001．Progress has been slow and, ith Democrat Senator John Kerry winning the race last Tuesday to challenge Bush in November’s presidential elections, he president needs results．f Osama Bin Laden can be caught before the presidential election, ush will gain an obvious advantage．
The American public’s support for the war in Iraq has been falling, specially as the Bush government cannot find the banned weapons(武器)that it said were in the country．ut the way the president’s popularity rose following the capture(捕获)of former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein in December shows how useful it would be if Bin Laden could be caught．
The latest polls suggest the election will be close, ith 48 per cent of Americans saying they will vote for Bush and 46 per cent backing Kerry．
In order to capture the Saudi Arabia-born AL Qaida leader, housands of US soldiers were moved from Iraq to Afghanistan earlier this week．urther efforts have been made to strengthen Afghanistan’s border(边境)area with Pakistan, ith soldiers inspecting nearby villages more frequently than before．
However, akistan has denied(否认)reports that US soldiers will be allowed to search for Bin Laden on its land．ush’s battles, oth at home and abroad, ill not be won easily．
(1)
Why does the writer mention the rule of life for computer game players in cyber-world?
[ ]
A．
Because catching Osama Bin Laden is another game．
B．
Because real life can be similar to life in cyber-world．
C．
Because this is also one of the rules in the American presidential election．
D．
Because a game like this has become a real life situation for Bush．
(2)
We can learn from the passage that Osama Bin Laden ________
[ ]
A．
was born in Afghanistan and lives in Saudi Arabia
B．
is sure to be captured since Saddam Hussein has been caught
C．
must be found so that 48％ of the Americans will back Bush
D．
is probably hidden in the border area of Afghanistan and Pakistan
(3)
The underlined word “inspecting”(Paragraph 6)can be replaced by ________
[ ]
A．
seeking
B．
searching
C．
bombing
D．
visiting
(4)
It can be inferred from the passage that ________
[ ]
A．
the Bush government has great difficulty in seizing Bin Laden
B．
Kerry is more likely than Bush to win the coming presidential election
C．
more and more people are supporting the war in Iraq
D．
Pakistan will allow US soldiers to search for Bin Laden on its land
阅读理解
The country of Chile is struggling to recover from one of the most powerful earthquakes in history．The quake struck the South American nation early Saturday morning．It registered 8．8 on the Richter scale．Ex-perts say the earthquake in Chile is among the five most powerful earthquakes ever recorded．
The epicenter of the earthquake is about 70 miles north of the city of Concepci6n．The area has been rocked by dozens of aftershocks since the big quake hit on Saturday morning．
On Sunday, Chilean President Michelle Bachelet updated reports on the toll the earthquake has taken．“It’s an enormous catastrophe,” she said．Countless buildings and roadways have been destroyed or badly damaged．Rescuers continued to work around the clock to find survivors who may be trapped under the rub-ble of fallen buildings．Government officials estimate more than 2 million people have lost their homes．
Bachelet assured people that food and medical aid were on the way．Ten thousand members of the Chil-ean military have been dispatched to help in the relief and recovery efforts．Many of the country’s major gro-cery stores have started giving away basic food and supplies to people in the affected areas．Secretary-Gener-al of the United Nations spoke to President Bachelet by telephone．He assured her that the United Nations“stands ready to assist the Chilean government’s rescue and recovery efforts ”．
The earthquake in Chile comes less than two months after the 7．0 magnitude earthquake that Haiti suf-fered in January．Although the earthquake in Chile was more powerful than the one in Haiti，the damage is unlikely to be as severe．Earthquakes are more common in Chile，and many buildings and homes there are constructed to withstand tremors better．Also，the area of Chile most affected by this earthquake is not asheavily populated as Port-au-Prince, where the epicenter of the Haitian quake was located．Furthermore, Chile is one of South America’s richest, best-organized countries．Its government has more supplies and people available to effectively respond to national emergencies．
The energy released by the quake caused shock waves to roll across the Pacific Ocean in the form of tsu-namis(海啸)that have the potential to do great damage to coastal areas．Some of these waves struck the Chilean coast，causing major damage to seaside towns．Coastal communities in Russia，Japan，and the Unit-ed States were concerned，too，but there were no reports of severe damage from the waves that eventually reached the countries’shores．
(1)
Who is leading the earthquake relief efforts in Chile?
[ ]
A．
The Chilean government and military．
B．
Geologists and other scientists．
C．
The United Nations peacekeeping forces．
D．
Secretary-General of the United Nations．
(2)
The damage from Chile’s earthquake is not expected to be as severe as the damage from Haiti’s quake．Which could not be the reason for it?
[ ]
A．
Chile is one of the richest，best-organized countries in South America．
B．
Chile has constructed many buildings for the people．
C．
Chile knows how to respond to a national emergency．
D．
The epicenter area of the Chile earthquake is less heavily populated than that of the Haiti’s quake．
(3)
One result of the earthquake in Chile was ________．
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