题目内容

12．President Barack Obama rode a bicycle at the White House Science Fair on April 22．But it wasn't an ordinary bike．As he pedaled，the President stayed in place，while the energy from his pedaling powered a water filtration （过滤） system．He was testing an invention created by a team of 14students from Northeast High School，in Oakland Park，Florida．
Payton Karr，16，and Kiona Elliot，18，attended the fair as representatives of the project．"We were hoping President Obama would ride the bike，but we didn't actually expect him to，"Payton told TFK．"It really meant a lot．"Kiona agreed．"It was pretty awesome to see the invention，which was invented by a group of 14high school students and one teacher，along with the help of community members，got the interest of the leader of our nation，"she said．
The project was an idea that came about after one of the Northeast students，Kalie Hoke，visited Haiti after the terrible 2010earthquake and saw how difficult it was to find clean water．The students invented a portable（便携的），bicycle-powered emergency water filtration system，which can provide 20-30people with drinking water in a 15-hour period．The teens hope their invention will one day be used by relief organizations like the Red Cross．"They can take it to places after natural disasters so that water can be clean for the people there，"said Payton．
Payton and Kiona were among the 100students from more than 40states invited to the third annual White House Science Fair，in Washington，D．C．，which is also attended by leaders in science and education．President Obama started the event in 2010to  stimulate  students interested in STEM （Science，Technology，Engineering，Maths）．"Well，if you're a young person and you produce the best experiment or design，you ought to be recognized for that achievement，"Obama said when he first announced the fair．
President Obama praised the projects during a speech to attendees after the fair．"The science fair projects of today could become the products and businesses of tomorrow，"he said．"If you're inventing things in the third grade，what are you going to do by the time you get to college？"

36．What is special about the bicycle President Obama rode？C
A．It can move very fast．
B．It is extremely beautiful．
C．It is used to make water clean．
D．It is made of eco-friendly materials．
37．The representatives of the bicycle-powered water filtration systemD．
A．were both community members
B．graduated from a famous university
C．finished the project with the help of their parents
D．were surprised that their invention interested Obama
38．The bicycle-powered water filtration system was designedD．
A．at the request of the Red Cross
B．for city families to get pure water
C．during the terrible 2010earthquake in Haiti
D．to provide people in disaster areas with clean water
39．The underlined word"stimulate"in Paragraph 4can be replaced byB．
A．help       B．inspire        C．change        D．entertain
40．We can know from the last sentence in the passage that President ObamaD．
A．wanted the youth to have big dreams
B．encouraged the youth to go to college
C．worried the young inventors would do nothing in college
D．believed the young inventors would have a promising future．

分析 奥巴马总统在白宫试验了一种以骑自行车为动力的水源净化装置，而该装置的发明人竟是还在上学的一群孩子．在经历了2010年的一场地震后，他们想要像红十字会一样帮助别人，于是设计发明了这个装置．

解答 36．C 细节理解题．由"As hepedaled，the President stayed in place，while the energy from his pedalingpowered a water filtration （过滤） system．（总统亲自蹬自行车试验通过蹬自行车产生的能量可以用来给过滤水的系统充电．）"可知，该装置是用来净化水的． 故选C．
37．D 细节理解题．由""It waspretty awesome to see the invention，which was invented by a group of 14 highschool students and one teacher，along with the help of community members，gotthe interest of the leader of our nation，"she said．"可知，当他们获知自己代表小组去白宫时感到很吃惊．故选D．
38．D 细节理解题．由"They cantake it to places after natural disasters so that water can be clean for thepeople there"可知该装置的目的是为了给灾区的人提供洁净的水．故选D．
39．B 词义猜测题．help帮助；inspire鼓励；change改变；entertain娱乐．由文章可知奥巴马总统是在鼓励同学们．故选B．
40．D 推理判断题．奥巴马总统认为人们的一点小的发明创意也许就会变成大产业，所以他相信年轻的创业者会有美好的前途．故选D．

点评 本文是新闻报道类阅读，主要考查细节理解题和推理判断题．在做细节理解题时，首先根据题目要求迅速在文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语．认真比较选项和文中细节的区别，在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

练习册系列答案
相关题目
20．In history，the Romany split into different groups and developed their own language，_______ there are now approximately sixty varieties．（　　）
A．by whichB．of whichC．by whomD．of whom
3．Have you ever returned a book late to the library before？If so，you may pay a small fine（罚款）．How much would you have to pay if the book is returned 65years late？
A high school in Washington，US had to deal with such a problem recently．A copy of Gone with the Wind was finally returned to its library 65years late．
However，the school said that it would not ask Wayne to pay the fine，though that would be about $475．
The book was borrowed out of the library of the high school in 1949，and disappeared until it was found in Maine，Us by Wayne．Wayne found the book in his father's basement（地下室） and then offered to send it back to the school．"I feel very sorry about that，"Wayne said．"We're very pleased to have the book back．Wayne did the right thing，"Lori Wyborney，headmaster of the school said．

21．The book was borrowed out of the library of the high schoolC．
A．in 1975           
B．in 1965        
C．in 1949           
D．in 2014
22．Gone with the Wind is the name ofB．
A．a library          
B．a book         
C．a school         
D．a magazine
23．A offered to send the book back to the school．
A．Wayne           
B．Wayne's father   
C．Lori's headmaster  
D．Lori．
20．A planet more like Earth than any yet discovered has been identified as a potential future home for mankind．Kepler 22b contains both land and water and has temperatures which average around 72 degrees （22 Celsius）．It also contains the right atmosphere to potentially support life．It is，however，600 light years from Earth．
The planet，where a year lasts 290 days，was first spotted two years ago．However，NASA scientists using the agency's Kepler space telescope have now concluded that it offers the best hope for future human habitation outside the Solar System．
One of the key factors for a planet to be habitable is that it remains about the right distance from its main star to be neither too cold nor too hot．
Bill Borucki，Kepler principal investigator at NASA Research Centre，said，"We are certain that it is in the habitable zone and if it has a surface it ought to have a nice temperature．
There are now three planets outside the system，known as exoplanets，which experts believe could potentially be occupied by future generations．

68．Which of the following is most likely to support life for a planet？D
    A．It has 290 days in a year．
    B．It contains both water and land and the right atmosphere．
    C．Its temperatures average 72 degrees （22 Celsius）．
    D．It remains proper distance from its star to have a nice temperature．
69．What does the new planet have in common with the earth？A
    A．They are habitable for mankind．
    B．They exist in the Solar System．
    C．They have almost the same days in a year．
    D．They are both 600 light years from the sun．
70．The passage is written to make it known to readers thatB．
    A．there are now three more planets inside the system
    B．NASA's Kepler space telescope finds a"new Earth"
    C．Bill Borucki has confirmed his investigation
    D．it has been two years since a new planet was spotted．
7．Iceland is a large island．In fact，it's the world's 18th  largest island．Most of the population，however，lives in the southern part of the country，in or around the capital city of Reykjavik．By its very name，you'd expect Iceland to be mostly ice．Looking at Iceland on a map，you'll notice it sits just outside the Arctic Circle．Despite this location and its name，Iceland actually has temperate climate because it's warmed by the Gulf Stream．The Gulf Stream also helps keep Iceland's coastal ports ice-free through the winter．
There is plenty of ice on Iceland，though．The country consists of a large plateau（高原）that includes fields of sand，mountains and glaciers（冰川）．Over sixty percent of Iceland is tundra（苔原）．About fourteen percent of Iceland is lakes and glaciers．Only about twenty-three percent of the country has plants or vegetation of any kind．
Iceland was settled in the late 800s and early 900s by Norsemen from the Scandinavian country of Norway．Other settlers also came from Ireland and Scotland．From the thirteenth century up until 1918，Iceland was part of the Norwegian and later Danish monarchies．For most of that time，the small Icelandic population depended upon fishing and farming to make a living．For hundreds of years，Iceland was one of the poorest and least developed countries in the world．After World War II，international aid and industrialization of the fishing industry turned Iceland into one of the wealthiest countries in the world．In 1914，Iceland became part of the European Economic Area．which allowed its economy to grow even．more．
Iceland is one of the youngest islands in the world．Surtsey rose out of the ocean during a series of volcanic eruptions between 1963and 1968．Today，only scientists who study the growth of new life can visit the volcanic island of Surtsey．

25．What would be the best title for this passage？D
A．An Island of Ice and Snow．
B．A Developing Island in the world．
C．Island，the Largest Island in the World．
D．An Introduction to Iceland．
26．What can you know about Iceland according to the passage？B
A．Its capital city is crowded．
B．Its climate is fairly mild．
C．People live in the east．
D．It's located in the Arctic Circle．
27．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3？A
A．Iceland's development    B．Iceland's settlers．
C．Iceland's geography．    D．Iceland's politics．
28What can we infer about Surtsey from the last paragraph？C
A．Science develops fast there        B．Many visitors drop in there．
C．No human beings live there．       D．Its citizens feed on fish．
17．Before Alaska became part of the U．S．，it had been owned by Russia．Trading posts and small settlements were scattered along the coast．The rest of land was left unexplored．The Russians were mainly interested in the wealth of furs from the vast herds of seals they found there．
    By the mid-1800's，most of the seal herds had been wiped out，and Russia no longer wanted to keep Alaska．William Seward，Secretary of State for President Johnson，believed the United States should buy Alaska from Russia．President Johnson wasn't so sure it was a wise way to spend U．S．money，but he agreed to let Seward discuss it with the Russians．Acting quickly，Seward made a deal．On March 30，1867，he signed an agreement for the U．S．to pay seven million dollars for the land．
    Many people thought it was a foolish waste of America's money．They called the deal"Seward's folly"．Then gold was discovered in Alaska and public opinion changed quickly．
Seward did not live to see the true value of Alaska．He died in 1872，five years after making the purchase （购买）．Each year，Alaska's natural resources have brought in many times the $7，000，000 paid for it．Natural gas，coal，oil，lumber，seafood and other minerals，besides the gold first found，have made it a valuable addition to the United States．In 1959，Alaska became the 49th state of the United States．
69．The Russians wanted to sell Alaska becauseC．
A．they thought it wasn't a good place     
B．they thought it didn't belong to Russia
C．they couldn't find enough seals there
D．they wan ted to earn more money from the U．S．
70．When Seward signed the agreement，many people thoughtA．
A．he wasted U．S．money      
B．it had its true value
C．it was a successful deal      
D．he was clever
71．Which of the following things was found first in Alaska？D
A．Gas．B．Coal．C．Oil．D．Gold．
72．Before 1959，the United States hadB．
A.37 states        B.48 states   C.49 states         D.50 states
73．The best title for this passage would probably beD．
A．Alaska，a beautiful place     
B．Alaska with natural resources
C．Alaska，home to seals       
D．Alaska，the 49th state of the U．S．
4．Some years ago，a Miami woman walking through an office building noticed two men standing together．Several minutes after her leaving，the men murdered a person working in the building．The police determined that the woman was the only witness and could possibly describe them．However，her memory of the men proved disappointingly unclear．Several days later，psychologist Ronald Fisher was brought in to obtain a more complete account from the woman．His interview produced a breakthrough-the woman reported a clear picture of one of the suspects．The important information enabled the police lo arrest the suspect and close the case．
    The police asked Fisher for help because of his rich knowledge in cognitive interview，a kind of memory-rebuilding process．Memory researchers have found that people trying to remember a past event often only recall part of the relevant information．Human memory is selective and it is often distorted by stress．But a person's accurate recall of an event or understanding of a question can be improved using specific interviewing techniques．The"cognitive interview"was developed in the late 1990s．It encourages the witness to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone else's questions．The witness first describes what happened in his or her own words，with no interviewer interruptions．The interviewer then goes further with specific techniques，such as having the witness tell the details of what happened from different perspectives （角度）．
    The cognitive interview focuses on guiding witnesses through four general recalling techniques：thinking about physical surroundings and personal feelings that existed at the time of past events； reporting everything that conies to mind about those events，no matter how broken it is retelling events in a variety of time orders，such as from beginning to end，end to beginning，forward or backward； and adopting different perspectives while recalling events．
    Experiments with police detectives trained in this demanding interview method find that they obtain nearly 50% more information from witnesses than before training，while error rates remain about the same．It is proved that cognitive interviews are quite important tools in improving the accuracy and completeness of witness testimony （证词）．
67．The purpose of the passage is toB．
A．give an account of a murder case
B．introduce an idea of cognitive interview
C．prove Fisher was an expert in cognitive interview
D．help a witness to recall information in a cognitive interview
68．What is required to recall in a cognitive interview for a witness？D
A．The exact time at which a murder took place．
B．The information about the event in the time order．
C．The important things that come to his or her mind．
D．The surroundings and feelings at the time of the event．
69．The key point in a cognitive interview is thatA
A．the witness is encouraged to take part in recalling information
B．the interviewer should interrupt the witness from time to time
C．the interview should take place outside the police station
D．the witness should recall details at the scene of the event
70．The underlined word"distorted"in the passage probably means"C
A．arranged     B．balanced         C．，changed    D．examined．
1．Shall we take the 10：00train？
 No．If we took that train，we ________ too late．（　　）
A．arriveB．arrivedC．will arriveD．would arrive
2．A group of kids at McIntyre Elementary School，in Pittsburgh，Pennsylvania，have created a special bench to make sure their fellow classmates aren't left out on the playground．Called the"Buddy Bench"，students can use the seat as a safe and supportive place to let others know they'd like to be included in playtime，but may be too shy to ask．
The concept of the Buddy Bench is simple：Students who want to partake in playground games and activities，but may feel hesitant，can take a seat，which signifies（表明） to other children on the playground that they may need something extra to encourage them to participate．
The idea for the bench came about last year，when Farrell，school counselor at McIntyre Elementary，was conducting a leadership group to help students overcome shyness and gain confidence．Four fourth-grade students came up with the idea for the Buddy Bench in this workshop，and worked with Farrell to draft a letter to present to the Parent Teacher Staff Organization to make the bench a reality．The PTSO approved the students'proposal，and installed（安装） a bright metal bench with a cheerful sign that reads"Buddy Bench"on the school's playground．
Since it was installed on Nov.16，the bench has been effective．The simple concept has resonated with（引起共鸣） the students，and already has created a better environment within the school community．
"Each day，I go to see the buddy bench working，"Farrell said．"The lessons they are learning now will benefit them their entire lives．It is simply a beautiful example of kids wanting to be kind and continue to be kind every day．"
32．Who is Buddy Bench created for？C
A．Students who love games and activities．
B．Students who want and continue to be kind．
C．Students who are left out on the playground．
D．Students who are in Farrell's leadership group．
33．Who thought of the idea for the Buddy Bench？B
A．Farrell．
B．Four students．
C．The PTSO．
D．Some parents．
34．What does the word"they"in the last paragraph refer to？C
A．The PTSO．
B．Buddy Bench users．
C．The workshop members．
D．Farrell and teachers．
35．Which of the following statements can show"the bench has been effective"？D
A．More and more creative ideas have come up．
B．The workshop kids have set a good example．
C．The PTSO has decided to provide more buddy benches．
D．Some shy students have found friends on the playground．

违法和不良信息举报电话：027-86699610 举报邮箱：58377363@163.com

精英家教网