Alaskan black bears hibernate for up to seven months a year, during which time they do not eat or drink, before waking up in virtually the same physical state they fell asleep in． Now experts hope to 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Alaskan black bears hibernate for up to seven months a year, during which time they do not eat or drink, before waking up in virtually the same physical state they fell asleep in．
Now experts hope to develop methods of putting humans into a similar state which could help astronauts survive long missions and lead to new ways of treating severely ill patients．
While many studies have examined hibernation in mice and hedgehogs, little research has been done into the same condition in larger mammals such as bears．
But new research conducted at the Institute of Arctic Biology at the University of Alaska monitored the animals' body temperature, heart rate and muscle movements while they slept.
The research results showed that during a five-month hibernation the bears’ body temeratures varied between 30℃ and 36℃ in cycles that lasted between two and seven days—a pattern that was previously unknown in hibernating animals.
The research project leader said, "If our research could help by showing how to reduce metabolic(新陈代谢的) rates and oxygen demands in human tissues, one could possibly save severely ill patients. We simply need to know how to turn things on and off to take advantage of the different levels of hibernation."
Craig Heller, of Stanford University, who contributed to the study, added: "There has always been a thought that, if there is ever long-distance space travel, it would be good to be able to put people into a state of lower metabolism or a state of hibernation. That's almost science fiction but you can see the logical basis."
【小题1】We know from the text that .

A．during winter Alaskan black bears sleep for more than half a yea

B．researchers have examined hibernation in humans

C．experts have got no results from their research

D．Craig Heller is a leader from the Institute of Arctic Biology

【小题2】The best topic of the text should be ．
．

A．The Latest Research Results

B．New Methods of Putting Humans into Hibernation

C．Alaskan Black Bears Hibernate

D．Astronauts Could Hibernate Like Bears

【小题3】According to the text, we can infer that .

A．many studies have examined hibernation in mice and bears as well

B．humans' body temperatures vary between 30℃ and 36℃ while they sleep

C．research into hibernation in animals may help deadly patients stay longer

D．scientists have already take advantage of the different levels of hibernation in space missions

【小题1】A【小题1】D【小题1】C

解析

练习册系列答案

相关题目

本文是属于夹叙夹议体裁，反映的是海洋污染的问题。希望能够从中得到警示，让我们反醒自己的行为。彻底认识到保护自然就是保护我们自己！！

Every year 2. 2 million tons of oil are spilled（散落，溅出）into the ocean. Actually, this only amounts to a small percentage of the total 1. 6 billion tons of oil shipped around the world each year. However, this spilled oil has terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the off washes up onto shore. Some of the largest spills in history were caused by oil tankers running into each other or by an oil tanker sailing into shallow water and hitting the bottom of the ocean.

After these spills, officials try to discover who or what was at fault to help prevent similar accidents in the future.

One of the worst oil spills in history occurred along the Alaskan coastline in 1989. In this accident, 42,000 tons of oil spilled from a tanker which resulted in terrible damage to this sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tanker's captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to___________. He gave control of the ship to the third mate. The third mate was unfamiliar with the path the ship took, and he ran the ship onto Blighe Reef. Blighe Reef is a natural underwater rock wall near the Alaskan coast. Damaged by the reef, the ship leaked oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Some scientists who studied nature in the area guessed that 580,000 birds and 5,500 others died when the oil from the spill covered their skin. As well, smaller shellfish and other sea creatures were later eaten by seals, whales, and other animals. The most oil ever spilled was actually dumped on purpose as an act of ecological warfare. The term ecological warfare means to fight by doing harm to nature in the area under attack. In 1990, Iraq sent soldiers into Kuwait and set off the Persian Gulf War. As part of the Iraq war plan, 900,000 tons of oil were let out into the Persian Gulf Way Iraq. This oil covered 1,500 square kilometers of water in the Persian Gulf. The oil also damaged 650 kilometers of the coastline of both Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. In some places, oil floating on the water was measured to be 43 centimeters thick. Water birds, water plants, and baby fish were all seriously affected by the oil. The long-term effects of this act on the food chain in the area are bound to cause problems tar into the future.

1. What’s the best title of the passage?

2. Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?

Officials make efforts to do research into the oil spill accidents and don’t want to see the similar things happen again in the future.

3. Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.（within ten words）

4. What do you think of the oil spill accident happening in 1990 in the Persian Gulf ?（within 30 words）

5. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.

D
Wolves are in the news these days, especially with the controversial（有争议的）Alaskan Wolf Hunting Festival being a focus of public attention. Since these animals are getting more attention in the outer world, they may be more likely to show up in your inner world and may take on many forms and have many meanings.
Wolves live in a pack（狼群）and they have a leader, a guide who is responsible for directing the pack and keeping it safe. If a wolf appears in your dream and you have a positive relationship with the wolf, it may suggest your own leadership abilities. Wolves in dreams may also mean the need for trusting your own internal leader-the soft howl from the bottom of your own heart.
While wolves certainly do howl, it is till unknown why they howl at the moon. The wolf’s how is actually a form of communication. Wolves may howl as a form of making friends, or as a warning, or to indicate that they are last and need help. Is your dream wolf howling? If so, what emotions exist in the dream? Do you feel lost and in need of guidance, do you feel like you’ve lost your “pack”? Do you feel the need to let others know they are crossing your land? Or are you simply filled whit a sense of joy that can only be expressed in a howl?
Wolves can be experienced hunters, and often appear in folk stories as something harmless when in fact it is there to do great harm. Are there any wolves in sheep’s clothing in your life? Often we have intuition（直觉）about people or situations, feelings that these people or situations should be avoided, but we ignore them based on their harmless outer appearance. Wolves in dreams could be signs that there are hidden dangers in your life. Never ignore your intuition because it doesn’t make any sense. Your intuition exists to guide and protect you and it can discover a wolf long before it removes its woolen suit.
53．Why does the author mention “Alaskan Wolf Hunting Festival” in the first paragraph?
A．to support the main idea of the text          B．to introduce the topic of the passage
C．to show his pity for the wolves              D．to prove wolves are getting more attention
54．What does “your inner world” refer to in the first paragraph?
A．hearts         B．feelings         C．thoughts     D．dreams
55．According to the text, wolves howl for the following reasons EXCETP       .
A．to communicate with other wolves B．to ask for help
C．to share how they feel            D．to admire the moon
56．The passage is mainly about        .
A．wolves and their behaviors     B．explanations of people’s dreams
C．different types of wolf        D．hidden dangers in our dreams

B
Wolves are in the news these days, especially with the controversial（有争议的）Alaskan Wolf Hunting Festival being a focus of public attention. Since these animals are getting more attention in the outer world, they may be more likely to show up in your inner world and may take on many forms and have many meanings.
Wolves live in a pack（狼群）and they have a leader, a guide who is responsible for directing the pack and keeping it safe. If a wolf appears in your dream and you have a positive relationship with the wolf, it may suggest your own leadership abilities. Wolves in dreams may also mean the need for trusting your own internal leader-the soft howl from the bottom of your own heart.
While wolves certainly do howl, it is till unknown why they howl at the moon. The wolf’s how is actually a form of communication. Wolves may howl as a form of making friends, or as a warning, or to indicate that they are last and need help. Is your dream wolf howling? If so, what emotions exist in the dream? Do you feel lost and in need of guidance, do you feel like you’ve lost your “pack”? Do you feel the need to let others know they are crossing your land? Or are you simply filled whit a sense of joy that can only be expressed in a howl?
Wolves can be experienced hunters, and often appear in folk stories as something harmless when in fact it is there to do great harm. Are there any wolves in sheep’s clothing in your life? Often we have intuition（直觉）about people or situations, feelings that these people or situations should be avoided, but we ignore them based on their harmless outer appearance. Wolves in dreams could be signs that there are hidden dangers in your life. Never ignore your intuition because it doesn’t make any sense. Your intuition exists to guide and protect you and it can discover a wolf long before it removes its woolen suit.
60．Why does the author mention “Alaskan Wolf Hunting Festival” in the first paragraph?
A．to support the main idea of the text       B．to introduce the topic of the passage
C．to show his pity for the wolves       D．to prove wolves are getting more attention
61．What does “your inner world” refer to in the first paragraph?
A．hearts       B．feelings    C．thoughts D．dreams
62．According to the text, wolves howl for the following reasons EXCETP       .
A．to communicate with other wolves B．to ask for help
C．to share how they feel             D．to admire the moon
63．The passage is mainly about        .
A．wolves and their behaviours    B．explanations of people’s dreams
C．different types of wolf       D．hidden dangers in our dreams

An earthquake happens when two plates rub (碰撞) together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. If one plate is slowly forced underneath the other, pressure builds up until the plates break apart. This process causes the ground to move. It is an earthquake. In other words, earth-quakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The strain within the rocks is suddenly released (释放).

The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and the time it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property. If it hits a large city, there may be many in-juries and much destruction. Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.

Actually, there are several million small earth-quakes every year. Large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale, cause millions of dollars in damage. In the last 500 years, millions of people have been killed by earth-quakes around the world — including 240,000 in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.

A 60-second or less earthquake can cause devastation that continues for years after the first tremor (小震). In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.

The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep down and sweep away everything in their path.

1.Which of the following is the main idea of the first paragraph?

A．An earthquake comes from inside the earth.

B．The earth has great energy in storage.

C．How the earth plates move.

D．How an earthquake happens.

2.How many examples are used in the passage to show the damage and destruction earthquakes cause?

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

D．Six.

3.Which of the following is mentioned to show that an earthquake can kill too many people?

A．The 1964 Alaskan quake.

B．The 1976 Tangshan earthquake.

C．The 1972 Managua earthquake.

D．The 1906 earthquake.

4.The underlined word “ensuing” in the last paragraph probably means ______.

A．causing too much heat and great damage

B．causing many injuries and much destruction

C．happening as a result of another event

D．happening suddenly and unexpectedly

5.By giving the example in Paragraph 4, the author wants to show that ______.

A．an earthquake doesn’t last long

B．the damage can last long

C．people in Managua suffered too much

D．Nicaragua is still a poor country

The following conversation is between Susan Russell-Robinson from the US Geological （地质学的）Survey and Barbara Reynolds from USA Today .

Q: Why , after 600 years of no activity , did Mount Pinatubo in Philippines erupt（喷发）in 1991 ?

A: Volcanoes （火山）each have their own eruption styles . This volcano probably has a rule which makes it erupt in the order of every 500 to 1000 years , but a volcano in Hawaii seems to erupt every year , and some of the Alaskan volcanoes might erupt every 10 or 20 years .

Q: So nothing caused it ?

A: There’s nothing out of the ordinary . If you were to take an ordinary calendar year , 50 to 75 or 80 volcanoes erupt around the world every year . There are 20 to 30 volcanoes every month that show signs of unrest . That might be a full-blown eruption or a whole host of activities like that .

Q: What is “the ring of fire” ?

A: If you look at where active volcanoes are placed around the world , there are somewhere between 500 and 600 of them . There is what appears to be almost a necklace that goes around the Pacific Ocean . It makes a ring where 60% of the world’s volcanoes lie .

Q: Why such a concentration（集中）there ?

A: That’s based on a theory that the oceans and the continents are like separate pieces . When they move , one might ride up over the other one . In this case , the Pacific Ocean goes under the continents and when that happens it seems to produce magma （熔岩）at depth and then you have volcanoes in the same ring .

1．What kind of writing do you think this passage is ?

A．A text taken from a geography book . B．An interview published in the press .

C．A conversation carried out in a film . D．An oral test recorded as an example .

2．Which of the following statements can correctly explain why we have so many volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean ?

A．The movement of the surface of the earth makes it possible.

B．The Pacific Ocean produces magma and presses it everywhere.

C．The oceans and the continents are separated from each other.

D．The earth’s surface around the Pacific is thinner than any other part.

3．Barbara Reynolds’ main purpose here is______________ .

A．to show how dangerous volcanoes are to the world

B．to learn what signs a volcano gives us before its eruption

C．to warn the world of the existence of “the ring of fire”

D．to introduce some general idea of volcanoes to the public

4．Which of the following can be considered as the best conclusion of the conversation?

A．There are so many volcanoes in the world and we are always in danger.

B．Volcanoes have erupted more frequently than ever before.

C．Volcanoes are waiting to be better known.

D．Something must be done to protect the people near the ring of fire.

试题分类