题目内容

The 18^th and 19^th centuries ________ the widespread use of electricity and the birth of the steam engine．

A.
made
B.
proved
C.
spared
D.
witnessed

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How Americans Began to Eat Tomatoes

People have strange ideas about food．For example, the tomato is a kind of very delicious vegetable．It is one of useful plants that can be prepared in many ways．It has rich nutrition and vitamin in it．But in the 18th century, Americans never ate tomatoes．They grew them in their gardens because tomato plants are so pretty．But they thought the vegetable was poisonous （有毒的）．They called tomatoes “poison apples．” President Thomas Jefferson, however, knew that tomatoes were good to eat．He was a learned man．He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes．He grew many kinds of tomatoes in his garden．The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup．This beautiful pink soup was served at the President’s party．The guests thought the soup tasted really good．They never thought their president would serve his honored guests poison apples．Jefferson never spoke

to his honored （忠实的） guests about the fact．

After you read the passage, which of the following do you think is true?

A．Americans never ate tomatoes after they began to plant them．

B．Americans didn’t eat tomatoes before 19th century．

C．Even now Americans don’t eat tomatoes．

D．In the 18th century Americans ate a lot of tomatoes．

The passage tells us that Jefferson was a President who learned to love the taste of tomatoes __________．

A．while he was in Paris B．when he was a little boy

C．because his parents told him so D．from books

According to the text, _______ made the beautiful pink soup served at the President’s party?

A．the President himself B．a French cook

　 C．the President’s cook D．the President’s wife

From the passage we know all the honored guests invited by Jefferson were __________．

　 A．people from other countries　　　 B．from France

C．people of his own country　　　　 D．men only

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A．All of the guests knew the soup that was served at the President’s party was made of tomatoes．

　 B．All of the guests thought the soup which was prepared by the President’s cook was nice．

　 C．All of the guests thought the taste of the beautiful pink soup was nice．

　 D．None of the guests knew that their president would serve his honored guests poison apples．

—Good morning, Grand Hotel.

—Hello, I’d like to book a room for the night of the 18th and 19th.

—______

A. What can I do for you?　　　　 B.Just a minute,please.

C. What’s the matter?　　　　 D.At your service.

From their beginnings New England towns had a special democratic system of government. At a stated time all the citizens would assemble at a town meeting, where they would discuss local problems and express opinions freely. They also elected the town’s officials at these gatherings and made decisions about the taxes they would pay and about other community matters. These meetings were usually held at the town hall, which was located in the central square.
In the eighteenth-century town meetings, only men who owned property and who were church members actually voted, although everyone present was allowed to express their opinions. Later, all citizens were allowed to vote. Thus the town meeting became truly democratic. Town meetings are still common in New England communities.
In recent years the town meeting idea has been widely imitated. There are open sessions of this kind on radio and television. Occasionally a meeting of this type is called by a government agency in order to give an opportunity for free and open discussion on current problems and policies.
【小题1】At a town meeting, people do the following things EXCEPT __________.

A．express their opinions about the government

B．elect officials of the towns

C．make a decision about whom they should marry

D．discuss some community matters

【小题2】In the 18th century, who had the right to vote?

A．All the citizens.

B．All the men except those who were church members.

C．The rich.

D．The rich men and the church members.

【小题3】Why has the town meeting been widely imitated?

A．Because many people are interested in it.

B．Because it is very democratic.

C．Because many people enjoy themselves at town meetings.

D．Because sometimes government agencies call them.

【小题4】According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．Citizens can elect the officials in the town meeting.

B．In recent years, town meetings are often called by a government agency.

C．People can say what they want to say at the town meeting.

D．Nowadays this kind of meeting is also held on radio and television.

【小题5】This passage mainly talks about _______.

A．the New England town meeting	B．modern town meetings
C．a democratic meeting	D．New England towns

A lazy Susan is an addition to a table that is designed to assist in moving food from one person to another while dining. This is achieved through the use of a turntable (转盘), which usually moves the food in a circle when it is pushed by those at the table. In this way, the food never has to be picked up and passed around the table. Instead, it remains in place on the lazy Susan.

A lazy Susan may also be a part of a kitchen cabinet (橱柜). In this sense, the lazy Susan is a type of shelving unit within the cabinet that is able to turn around its axis(轴心) . One may turn the lazy Susan in order to find certain goods in storage. From the outside, a lazy Susan appears to be two cabinets that are located at a right angle (直角) to each another. When one of these cabinets is pushed, however, both doors move and the lazy Susan is revealed inside.

It is believed that Thomas Jefferson invented the lazy Susan in the 18th century, though it was called “dumbwaiter” at that time. It is said that Jefferson invented the lazy Susan because his daughter complained she was always served last at table and, as a result, never found herself full when leaving the table. Others believe that Thomas Edison was the inventor, as he is believed to have invented the turntable for his phonograph (留声机). The turntable may have developed into the lazy Susan later.

Regardless of who invented it, it wasn’t until 1917 that the term “lazy Susan” was used in an advertisement for the invention. In Britain, however, the term “dumbwaiter” is still used rather than “lazy Susan”. The reason for the naming of it is still a mystery. One theory is that it was named after either Jefferson’s or Edison’s daughter, both of whom were named Susan.

1.What is a “lazy Susan”?

A. A waitress B. A convenient tool C. A table D. A cabinet

2.According to those who believed Thomas Jefferson invented the lazy Susan, _______.

A. his daughter was very lazy B. the lazy Susan didn’t exist until the 18th century

C. Thomas Edison was his friend D. Thomas Edison didn’t invent the phonograph

3.We can learn from the last paragraph that ___________.

A. the lazy Susan can work by itself

B. the lazy Susan was named after Thomas Edison’s daughter

C. how the lazy Susan got its name remains unknown

D. the lazy Susan was invented in Britain

4. The writer wrote the passage mainly to _________.

A. discuss how the lazy Susan was named B. teach us how to make a lazy Susan

C. introduce Thomas Edison’s inventions D. tell us what a lazy Susan is and its origin

Schedules (timetables), as the 21st century people know, simply did not exist in the 17th and 18th centuries. We are upset if a plane arrives an hour late. Our ancestors weren’t upset if an April ship didn’t show up until June. They began to worry in July and were often happy when it showed up in August. When a long-distance ship finally did get to the port, the whole city became busy and excited. Businessmen hurried down to check the goods they had ordered. The ship would probably stay in port for at least three days, often a week, to take on businessmen, give the sailors a rest, find out about the latest news, weather conditions, and so on.

Travel time could only be approximate (近似的). One never knew when the winds would be good. So even though “average(平均的) sailing time” was given, time could change considerably, shortening the voyage (travel by sea) by up to 25% or putting it off by up to 500% or more! The average run from England to Boston was about a month and a half, but there were also voyages of three months. One voyage in 1640 lasted six months!

Travel time is not the same in both directions, due to the winds and currents. This is especially true in the Caribbean, where winds are from the southeast the entire year. Ships sailing west across the Atlantic spend longer than ships sailing east, and the contrary (opposite) winds can prevent a ship from actually making it to the harbor even if it gets close. One ship was held off the North Carolina coast for 17 days before being able to land!

1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A. No sailor was allowed to have fun when the ship reached land.

B. People in ancient times didn’t care about other people’s safety.

C. The ship would leave for a voyage when all of the preparations were made.

D. A long-distance ship would create a lot of excitement in the place where it landed.

2.According to the passage, travel time can’t be fixed due to _____.

A. the people at the port B. average sailing time

C. the changeable climate D. the businessmen and the sailors

3. The underlined word “currents” in the third paragraph means ______.

A. the movement of water B. the movement of winds

C. direction of the traveling ship D. travel time of ships

4.What is the difference between a modern voyage timetable and the one from the 17th or 18th century?

A. There were no exact timetables for traveling both in ancient and modern times.

B. Travel time was the same in both directions in ancient times while the modern one was not.

C. The modern voyage timetable is more exact than the ancient one.

D. The modern voyage timetable is only approximate while the ancient one was not.

5.Why did the ships sailing west spend longer than ships sailing east in Caribbean?

A. Because of the southeast winds the entire year.

B. Because sailors didn’t know when the winds blew.

C. Because travel time was not affected by wind.

D. Because sometimes the ship was held off by the wind.

The 18th and 19th centuries ________ the widespread use of electricity and the birth of the steam engine．

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The 18^th and 19^th centuries ________ the widespread use of electricity and the birth of the steam engine．