ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ

ÓÐÒ»»ìºÏÈÜÒº£¬Ö»¿ÉÄܺ¬ÓÐÒÔÏÂÀë×ÓÖеÄÈô¸ÉÖÖ£ºK+¡¢NH4+¡¢Cl-¡¢Mg2+¡¢Ba2+¡¢CO32-¡¢SO42-£¬ÏÖÈ¡Èý·Ý100mLÈÜÒº½øÐÐÈçÏÂʵÑ飺
£¨1£©ÏòµÚÒ»·ÝÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëAgNO3ÈÜҺʱÓгÁµí²úÉú£»
£¨2£©ÏòµÚ¶þ·ÝÈÜÒºÖмÓÈë×ãÁ¿NaOHÈÜÒº²¢¼ÓÈȺó£¬ÊÕ¼¯µ½ÆøÌå0.06mol£»
£¨3£©ÏòµÚÈý·ÝÈÜÒºÖмÓÈë×ãÁ¿BaCl2ÈÜÒººó£¬ËùµÃ³Áµí¾­Ï´µÓ¸ÉÔï¡¢³ÆÁ¿Îª6.27g£¬¾­×ãÁ¿ÑÎËáÏ´µÓ¡¢¸ÉÔïºó£¬³ÁµíÖÊÁ¿Îª2.33g£®¸ù¾ÝÉÏÊöʵÑ飬ÒÔÏÂÍƲâÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A£®K+Ò»¶¨´æÔÚ
B£®100mlÈÜÒºÖк¬0.01molCO32-
C£®Cl-¿ÉÄÜ´æÔÚ
D£®Ba2+Ò»¶¨²»´æÔÚ£¬Mg2+¿ÉÄÜ´æÔÚ
µÚÒ»·Ý¼ÓÈëAgNO3ÈÜÒºÓгÁµí²úÉú£¬¿ÉÄÜ·¢ÉúCl-+Ag+¨TAgCl¡ý¡¢CO32-+2Ag+¨TAg2CO3¡ý¡¢SO42-+2Ag+¨TAg2SO4¡ý£¬ËùÒÔ¿ÉÄܺ¬ÓÐCl-¡¢CO32-¡¢SO42-£»
µÚ¶þ·Ý¼Ó×ãÁ¿NaOHÈÜÒº¼ÓÈȺó£¬ÊÕ¼¯µ½ÆøÌå0.06mol£¬ÄܺÍNaOHÈÜÒº¼ÓÈȲúÉúÆøÌåµÄÖ»ÄÜÊÇNH4+£¬¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦NH4++OH-
  ¡÷  
.
 
NH3¡ü+H2O£¬²úÉúNH3Ϊ0.06mol£¬¿ÉµÃNH4+ҲΪ0.06mol£»
µÚÈý·Ý¼Ó×ãÁ¿BaCl2ÈÜÒººó£¬µÃ¸ÉÔï³Áµí6.27g£¬¾­×ãÁ¿ÑÎËáÏ´µÓ£¬¸ÉÔïºó£¬³ÁµíÖÊÁ¿Îª2.33g£®²¿·Ö³ÁµíÈÜÓÚÑÎËᣬΪBaCO3£¬²¿·Ö³Áµí²»ÈÜÓÚÑÎËᣬΪBaSO4£¬·¢Éú·´Ó¦CO32-+Ba2+¨TBaCO3¡ý¡¢SO42-+Ba2+¨TBaSO4¡ý£¬Òò´ËÈÜÒºÖÐÒ»¶¨´æÔÚCO32-¡¢SO42-£¬Ò»¶¨²»´æÔÚBa2+¡¢Mg2+£¬
ÓÉÌõ¼þ¿ÉÖªBaSO4Ϊ2.33g£¬ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª
2.33g
233g/mol
=0.01mol£¬¹ÊSO42-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª0.01mol£¬BaCO3Ϊ6.27g-2.33g¨T3.94g£¬ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª
3.94g
197g/mol
=0.02mol£¬ÔòCO32-ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª0.02mol£¬
ÓÉÉÏÊö·ÖÎö¿ÉµÃ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÒ»¶¨´æÔÚCO32-¡¢SO42-¡¢NH4+£¬Ò»¶¨²»´æÔÚMg2+¡¢Ba2+£¬¶øCO32-¡¢SO42-¡¢NH4+ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿·Ö±ðΪ0.02mol¡¢0.01mol¡¢0.06mol£¬
A£®CO32-¡¢SO42-Ëù´ø¸ºµçºÉΪ0.02mol¡Á2+0.01mol¡Á2=0.06mol£¬NH4+Ëù´øÕýµçºÉΪ0.06mol£¬¸ù¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊغ㣬¿ÉÖªK+²»Ò»¶¨´æÔÚ£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®ÓÉÉÏÊö·ÖÎö¿ÉµÃ£¬100mLÈÜÒºÖÐCO32-ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª0.02mol£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®CO32-¡¢SO42-Ëù´ø¸ºµçºÉΪ0.02mol¡Á2+0.01mol¡Á2=0.06mol£¬NH4+Ëù´øÕýµçºÉΪ0.06mol£¬¸ù¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊغ㣬¿ÉÖªCl-¡¢K+¿ÉÄÜ°´1£º1´æÔÚ£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D£®ÓÉÉÏÊö·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÒ»¶¨´æÔÚCO32-¡¢SO42-¡¢NH4+£¬Ò»¶¨²»´æÔÚMg2+¡¢Ba2+£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
¹ÊÑ¡C£®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
CH3COOHÊÇÖÐѧ»¯Ñ§Öг£ÓõÄÒ»ÔªÈõËᣬÇë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©Èô·Ö±ð½«pH=2µÄÑÎËáºÍ´×ËáÏ¡ÊÍ100±¶£¬ÔòÏ¡ÊͺóÈÜÒºµÄpH£ºÑÎËá
£¾
£¾
´×ËᣨÌî¡°£¾¡±¡¢¡°=¡±»ò¡°£¼¡±£©£®
£¨2£©½«100mL 0.1mol?L-1µÄCH3COOHÈÜÒºÓë50mL 0.2mol?L-1µÄNaOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏ£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒº³Ê
¼î
¼î
ÐÔ£¬Ô­Òò
CH3COO-+H2O?CH3COOH+OH-
CH3COO-+H2O?CH3COOH+OH-
£¨ÓÃÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ±íʾ£©£®
£¨3£©ÒÑ֪ij»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖÐÖ»º¬ÓÐCH3COO-¡¢H+¡¢Na+¡¢OH-ËÄÖÖÀë×Ó£¬ÇÒÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС¹ØϵΪ£ºc£¨CH3COO-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¬Ôò¸ÃÈÜÒºÖк¬ÓеÄÈÜÖÊΪ
CH3COOHºÍCH3COONa
CH3COOHºÍCH3COONa
£®
£¨4£©ÒÑÖªKa£¨CH3COOH£©=1.76¡Á10-5£¬Ka£¨HNO2£©=4.6¡Á10-4£¬ÈôÓÃͬŨ¶ÈµÄNaOHÈÜÒº·Ö±ðÖк͵ÈÌå»ýÇÒpHÏàµÈµÄCH3COOHºÍHNO2£¬ÔòÏûºÄNaOHÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ý¹ØϵΪ£ºÇ°Õß
£¾
£¾
ºóÕߣ¨Ìî¡°£¾£¬£¼»ò=¡±£©
£¨5£©ÒÑÖª25¡æʱ£¬0.1mol?L-1´×ËáÈÜÒºµÄpHԼΪ3£¬ÏòÆäÖмÓÈëÉÙÁ¿´×ËáÄƾ§Ì壬·¢ÏÖÈÜÒºµÄpHÔö´ó£®¶ÔÉÏÊöÏÖÏóÓÐÁ½ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄ½âÊÍ£º¼×ͬѧÈÏΪ´×ËáÄƳʼîÐÔ£¬ËùÒÔÈÜÒºµÄpHÔö´ó£»ÒÒͬѧ¸ø³öÁíÍâÒ»ÖÖ²»Í¬ÓÚ¼×ͬѧµÄ½âÊÍ£¬ÇëÄãд³öÒÒͬѧ¿ÉÄܵÄÀíÓÉ
CH3COOH?CH3COO-+H+£¬Òò´×ËáÄƵçÀ룬ʹCH3COO-Ũ¶ÈÔö´ó£¬´×ËáµÄµçÀëƽºâÄæÏòÒƶ¯£¬H+Ũ¶ÈϽµ£¬pHÔö´ó
CH3COOH?CH3COO-+H+£¬Òò´×ËáÄƵçÀ룬ʹCH3COO-Ũ¶ÈÔö´ó£¬´×ËáµÄµçÀëƽºâÄæÏòÒƶ¯£¬H+Ũ¶ÈϽµ£¬pHÔö´ó
£®

Î¥·¨ºÍ²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢¾Ù±¨µç»°£º027-86699610 ¾Ù±¨ÓÊÏ䣺58377363@163.com

¾«Ó¢¼Ò½ÌÍø